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Results for “Bionics”

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At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed2005

Comparison of a paired or sequential stimulation paradigm with advanced bionics' high-resolution mode.

OBJECTIVE: Simultaneous stimulation on two channels was investigated with respect to fully sequential stimulation while controlling for the number of channels and the stimulation rate used. STUDY DESIGN: Only subjects having at least 6 months' experience with conventional Clarion speech coding strategies (CIS, PPS, or SAS) were included. A counterbalanced cross-over design was used to compare the paired stimulation paradigm to the sequential stimulation paradigm. SETTING: The investigation was a prospective, within-subject, repeated-measures experiment. PATIENTS: The study group consisted of 13 postlingually deafened adult subjects. INTERVENTIONS: The following programs were evaluated: 1) 16-channel paired stimulation with 5000 pps per channel; 2) 16-channel sequential stimulation with 2500 pps per channel; and 3) 8-channel sequential stimulation with 5000 pps per channel. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Speech perception tests in quiet and noise, Quality Assessment Questionnaire. RESULTS: On average, both sequential stimulation programs showed comparable results, whereas the program with paired stimulation, on average, provided poorer performance. Several subjects showed a remarkable drop in performance when changing from sequential to paired mode. Although a few subjects showed better performance in quiet when using paired stimulation, they still had poorer performance in noise. A weak trend was found linking the difference between program levels in paired or in sequential stimulation paradigm to the difference in performance with these two settings. CONCLUSION: Results indicate that for all subjects in this group sequential stimulation is more appropriate than paired stimulation. Subjective reports, as well as formal speech perception testing, show that the difference between the two paradigms is pronounced, especially when evaluating in the presence of background noise, the test condition more representative of everyday listening.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

Bionic grandma.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Aging↗
PubMed1985

The bionic ear: principles and current status of cochlear prostheses.

The field of cochlear prostheses is reviewed, emphasizing the neurophysiological principles necessary for the development of a successful cochlear prosthesis. Pertinent auditory physiology is reviewed, and four conditions are proposed which, if met, should result in speech recognition by the patient with an implant. These conditions are: The surviving neural population must be adequate over the frequency distribution required to deliver the necessary information for speech discrimination. The central neural processing pattern for decoding and recognizing speech must have been established and still persist. The processing of the acoustic signal by the auditory system up to the level of the prosthesis interface must be understood and predictable from the acoustic stimulus. The relationship between the response patterns of the neural elements and the electrical stimulus must be well documented and controllable. The degree to which these conditions can presently be met is discussed, with some suggestions for future development. The function of the cochlear prosthesis is separated into a signal processing section and an electrical stimulus section. Two signal processing strategies are analog processing of the acoustic signal and speech feature extraction from the acoustic signal. Four possible electrical stimulation strategies are direct analog stimulation from the signal processor, pulse amplitude modulation, pulse width modulation, and stimulation designed to optimize the neural responses to electrical stimulation. Some of the present generation cochlear prostheses, including five approved by the FDA as investigational devices, are discussed according to this classification. The clinical results of testing these devices as aids to lip reading and as stand-alone speech reception aids are compared. All are a potential aid to lip reading. Some prosthesis designs have been implanted in patients who then showed exceptional open set speech discrimination. These exceptional patients have used both single channel and multichannel devices and devices with both analog processing and speech feature extraction strategies. These results are encouraging. More consistent and better speech reception is anticipated for the future as this field develops.

Auditory Pathways↗
PubMed2001

The group psychotherapist as contemporary mystic: a bionic object relations perspective.

Mysticism is a heightened awareness facilitating intuitive knowledge of group realities. In contrast to logical positivism, in which scientific knowledge consists of logic applied to a set of observations, the author holds that mystical awareness is pertinent to the conduct of therapy groups. The work of Bion, and also so-called "structuralist" theories, postulate pre-given templates that inform experience. The application of mystical thought to group consultation, leadership, and transformation of the self is discussed. The group context which allows for mystical experience is called the "sacred space." To emphasize the sacredness of the group, a kabbalist parallel to early development and projective identification is used to show how sacred metaphor and myth can enrich interpretation in groups.

Group Processes↗
PubMed2004

Cochlear implantation: a bionic system to restore hearing in severely hearing impaired patients.

CI replaces and functionally bypasses the inner haircells of the cochlea. Candidate selection is not merely based on non-aided auditory thresholds, but aided speech recognition tests in quite and in noise after a rehabilitation period may be decisive, besides a comprehensive selection process including general health, imaging, learning and cognitive skills, supportive aspect of the environment. The vast majority of severely or profoundly hearing impaired persons can benefit from CI. CI restores hearing of adults to a level allowing normal conversation, using the telephone and even understanding in a limited amount of background noise. Congenitally severely or profoundly hearing impaired children implanted before the age of 2 years, will outperform patients operated at a later age, allowing to follow mainstream education. CI is not just a technique, but the driving force behind an elaborate care-programme for the severely hearing impaired patient.

Age Factors↗