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At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

[A comparison of impedance and pure tone audiometry in children (author's transl)].

The results of conventional pure-tone audiometry and impedance audiometry are compared in 386 pre-school children. The children showing abnormal audiograms were subjected to a repeated examination in the ENT Clinic a few weeks later. It was shown, that all children, whose hearing disorders were confirmed, had already had abnormal impedance measurements during the screening examination. On the other hand, pathological changes of the ears were detected in 5.92% of the children only by the impedance measurements and not by the conventional puretone audiometry. Evaluation of the pressure and the acoustic reflex of the middle ear by impedance audiometry is preferred. It is well recommended in the examination of pre-school children, because the procedure takes little time and is easy to perform.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1981

Respiration audiometry with pre-school children.

Respiration audiometry with a strain gauge writeout on a dynograph was attempted with 12 children aged 3 yrs 6 mo to 4 yrs 11 mo. Test signals were at 1 kc/s of 1 sec duration presented at the beginning of a respiratory cycle, from --10 to 40 db HL in 2 ascending series (test and retest). Both series could be completed on only 5 Ss, due to interruptive behavior patterns. Of all 105 presentations, 13 were judged positive; of these, 9 were at levels lower than the play audiometry HTL (false-positive). For no S could a respiration audiometry HTL be reasonably estimated. Due to the low ratio of respiratory responses at or above behavioral HTL, the low rate of test completion for the majority of preschool Ss, and the presence of significant numbers of false-positive responses, it was recommended that further research be carried out before respiration audiometry is seriously considered or he paedoaudiologic clinic.

Audiometry↗
PubMed1978

Development of an audiometry data processing system.

The development was reported of an electronic data processing system of computerized automatic audiometry and of Bekesy audiometry. This system using a microcomputer has the following features: (1) The large amount of data obtained through (a) automatic audiometry, (b) Bekesy audiometry (measurement at fixed or continuous frequency plus test practice, and (c) the Temporal Tone-Decay test can be stored on-line in real time, and are processed and displayed off-line at any time. (2) When retrieved, the output format of these audiometric data is of the same pattern as the conventional audiogram. (3) The output pattern on the CRT graphic display can be hard-copied whenever desired. (4) The system can be operated manually in the same way as the conventional method. (5) The SISI and DL tests can be executed manually and the resultant data keyed into computer storage. And (6) The operation from the data input to the retrieval output is performed interpretively through the CRT display, so that anyone even without special computer or audiological training can operate it at any time.

Audiometry↗
PubMed1980

High frequency audiometry and stapedius muscle reflex thresholds in juvenile diabetics.

Sixty-one juvenile, insulin-treated diabetics below 50 years of age with a duration of diabetes mellitus longer than 10 years underwent impedance audiometry with determination of stapedius reflex thresholds at 500 Hz, 1, 2, and 4 kHz, conventional pure tone and speech audiometry, and high-frequency audiometry up to 20 kHz. The results were compared with a normative material of non diabetic subjects selected after exactly the same criteria. No significant differences in hearing or stapedius reflex thresholds were found. Among half of the subjects there was a diabetic retinopathy. A comparison between those with and those without retinopathy did not reveal any significant difference in audiological findings. Even subjects with severe diabetic complications and almost life-long diabetes had normal hearing. Recent investigations on plasma-lipoids have discussed the possibility that insulin might prevent a premature ageing of hearing which has been reported by other authors. It is concluded that no statistical data exist that confirm a correlation between hearing impairment and diabetes.

Acoustic Impedance Tests↗
PubMed1985

Variables affecting pure tone and speech audiometry in experimentally simulated hearing loss.

Previous studies have found that subjects simulating hearing losses can provide information which is useful to audiological clinicians when patients produce exaggerated hearing levels with no apparent organic aetiology. Two groups of normally-hearing subjects were used, designated unsophisticated or sophisticated in audiometric testing. Each subject was instructed to feign any amount of hearing loss in both ears prior to carrying out pure tone and speech audiometry using monosyllabic speech material. A number of variables was studied to identify factors influencing success or failure in simulating hearing loss and to investigate strategies used by the subjects. Analysis of the audiometric results revealed no typical degree of hearing loss for tones or speech. The majority of the subjects simulated sensori-neural pure tone losses with flat audiometric configuration. Approach mode, ascending or descending, had no significant effect on simulated tonal threshold. Four strategies for simulating a loss were identified. A fair degree of test/retest reliability in hearing loss for speech and tones was observed. Large discrepancies in hearing loss for speech and tones were recorded with the hearing loss for tones typically in excess of that for speech. Responses during speech audiometry showed a high occurrence of 'no response' errors. No significant differences were recorded between the sophisticated and unsophisticated groups, except in the pattern of response during speech audiometry, when the sophisticated subjects gave significantly fewer correct responses and 'no response' errors.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Evoked response audiometry and tomography - complementary procedures for the assessment of the deaf infant.

Evoked response audiometry and tomography of the ear both provide highly objective means of assessing certain types of deafness, but both require a general anaesthetic when used to investigate very young children. The use of evoked response audiometry (in particular electrocochleography and brain stem evoked response audiometry) and tomography as combined procedures using the same general anaesthetic is discussed in relation to 15 patients. Their ages ranged from 1 year 3 months to 16 years. All 15 had electrophysiological abnormalities in one or both ears. Abnormalities of the middle and/or inner ear were demonstrated by tomography in 12 patients and in 3 the tomography was normal. In 10 cases both procedures suggested severe or almost total deafness in one or both ears. The demonstration of an anatomical abnormality can be very important in future management with particular reference to surgical reconstructions and the potential development of cerebrospinal fluid fistula.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Preoperative speech and pure-tone audiometry in four types of patients with acoustic neuroma.

PURPOSE: The goal of this study was to compare pure-tone and speech audiometry in 4 groups of patients with confirmed unilateral acoustic neuroma in which auditory brainstem responses and transient-evoked otoacoustic emissions were either both normal, abnormal, or one of the tests was abnormal. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This study was realized during a preoperative assessment of 65 patients (29 men, 36 women) from 25 to 78 years of age suffering from unilateral acoustic neuroma. The assessment, preceded by tympanometry, included recordings of auditory brainstem responses, transient-evoked otoacoustic emissions, pure-tone audiometry, speech recognition thresholds, and speech discrimination. RESULTS: Some discrepancies between objective and behavioral test results were noticed. Subjects with no otoacoustic emissions but present auditory brainstem responses did not show any significant difference in their speech scores as compared with subjects with both auditory brainstem responses and otoacoustic emissions. CONCLUSIONS: In summary, this study showed that comparable audiometric findings in acoustic neuroma patients can be found regardless of the presence of transient otoacoustic emissions (TEOAEs). TEOAEs are a good screening tool and have been used, like auditory brainstem-evoked responses, as a predictive measure before hearing preservation procedures but cannot predict the audiogram or give information about speech perception. The findings confirm that even if auditory brainstem responses are an extremely useful diagnostic tool for identifying acoustic neuroma, this test provides only giving pieces of information regarding auditory abilities. Also, the pure-tone audiogram gives useful information but has to be used in conjunction with speech audiometry to get an accurate picture of the patient's true auditory abilities.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMed2001

Pure-tone and speech audiometry in patients with Menière's disease.

The aim of this study was to reinvestigate many of the claims in the literature about hearing loss in patients with Menière's disease. We carried this out on a well-defined group of patients under well-controlled circumstances. Thus, we were able to find support for some claims and none for many others. As part of a diagnostic protocol, pure-tone and speech audiometry was performed on 111 patients with Menière's disease according to the 'Definition Menière Groningen'. This was a prospective clinical cohort study. Affected ears of patients suffering from Menière's disease show reduced hearing, both in pure-tone and in speech audiometry. A classification method was devised to determine audiogram shape in an objective manner. The results of this method indicate that affected ears more frequently show 'low' or 'low + high' hearing losses (P = 0.006). The shape of the hearing loss does not depend on the duration of the affection of the disease. In combination with the fact that the average hearing loss does not correlate with the duration of the disease, this leads to the conclusion that, if a classification of the hearing loss in Menière's disease is possible, such a classification cannot be connected to the duration. This conclusion is further supported by the fact that no relationship is found between the duration of the disease and the classification of the hearing loss over the 3 months before hospital admission, as given by the patients in a questionnaire. A relationship between the (objective) audiometric data and the (subjective) classification of the hearing loss by the patient seems to be present, but is not very strong. Correlations between pure-tone and speech audiometry are present as in non-Menière ears (r = 0.899, P < 0.001), and no indications are found of reduced speech discrimination relative to the expectation based on pure-tone loss. The audiogram shape does not appear to play any additional role in speech discrimination (in addition to the influence of the average pure-tone loss).

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Auditory brain-stem response audiometry in children.

Auditory Brain-stem Response (ABR) Audiometry, also called Brain-stem Evoked Response Audiometry, is an effective procedure for assessing the hearing of children who cannot or will not perform satisfactorily on behavioral audiometric tests. Although ABR audiometry has limitations, it does permit an estimate of hearing status in nearly all children regardless of their age or developmental level.

Aphasia↗
PubMed1979

Comparison of the hearing threshold measured by manual pure-tone and by self-recording (Békésy) audiometry.

The hearing threshold of 115 subjects aged 25--63 years and working on a shipyard were determined both by Békésy sweep audiometry and by conventional manual octave pure-tone audiometry at fixed audiometric frequencies. The attenuation rate was 2.5 dB s-1 with pulsed-tone presentation and the sweep time from 0.25 to 10 kHz was 400 s for the Békésy audiometer. Manual pure-tone audiometry was performed in 5-dB steps. The Békésy method gave the lowest values for the hearing thresholds. It has been possible to find a useful linear relation between pure-tone and Békésy hearing thresholds. With the help of a retest experiment, it has been established, that the standard deviations of hearing thresholds obtained under similar conditions in a pure-tone investigation are about twice as large as those obtained in a Békésy investigation.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Reverse frequency-sweep audiometry in patients with retrocochlear and cochlear deafness.

The material consisted of 21 patients with surgically confirmed eighth-nerve tumour and 107 patients with cochlear deafness. 13 (62%) of the patients with eighth-nerve tumour showed separated forward-backward tracings in sweep-frequency audiometry. One of the 13 patients gave an initially normal result but after the test ear had been exposed to 80 dB HL white noise for 3 min, the curves separated. Only 2 (1.9%) of the 107 patients with cochlear deafness had separated curves. Tone decay test revealed a pathological result in 67% of the patients with eighth-nerve tumour and in 26% of the cases with cochlear hearing loss. There is no single pathognomonic test for the diagnosis of retrocochlear and cochlear deafness. Diagnosis must be based on a whole battery of several tests, and among these, reverse frequency-sweep audiometry seems to be a suitable additional adaptation test. If an abnormal result is found in forward-backward sweep-frequency audiometry, a retrocochlear lesion is very probable.

Audiometry↗
PubMed1984

High-frequency Békésy audiometry. V. Excursion width.

26 normally hearing young adults produced Békésy-type tracings for pure tones ranging from 7 to 19 kHz. Tones were pulsed (2.5/s) and delivered in the fixed-frequency mode. Chart rate (1 octave/min) and rate of attenuation (2.5 dB/s) were analogous to that typically used in clinical Békésy audiometry. Results indicated that subjects typically produced median excursion widths ranging from 5 to 15 dB. No systematic change in excursion width for conventional-frequency Békésy audiometry. The results of the present study were discussed regarding their utility in validation of responses to Békésy audiometry.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMed1985

The role of high-frequency audiometry in early detection of ototoxicity.

Ototoxicity is one of the unwanted side-effects of a number of medical drugs. As ototoxicity appears to be most pronounced in the higher frequencies, it can be assessed at an earlier stage by using high-frequency audiometry from 8 to 20 kHz. We have investigated the precision of these measurements. In spite of inaccuracies of headphone positioning, which may influence especially the high-frequency thresholds, standard deviations for frequencies above 8 kHz were obtained that were nearly as small as for audiometry up to 8 kHz. Age-related reference curves for the higher frequencies are presented. The results on 100 ears of patients treated with platinum-derivatives show the importance of high-frequency audiometry for the early detection of ototoxicity.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

[Characteristics of auditory brainstem response in presbyacusis--compared with the results of pure tone, speech or binaural audiometry].

The relationships between the auditory brainstem response (ABR) latencies and the results of three phychophysical measurements-pure tone audiometry, speech discrimination test and directional hearing test-were investigated in 58 subjects with presbyacusis. ABR latencies in presbyacusis patients were also compared with those in young adults with normal hearing or cochlear hearing loss. The results were as follows: There was a significant correlation between the average thresholds of pure tone audiometry and latencies of ABR waves I, III, V and/or interpeak latencies of waves I-III and I-V. There was a significant correlation between the scores of the speech discrimination test and latencies of waves I, III and V. There was also a significant correlation between the value of the directional hearing test and only interpeak latency of waves I-III. It was found that the I-III peak interval was prolonged in the ABR of presbyacusis, and that the results of pure tone audiometry and directional hearing tests were rather well correlated with the prolonged I-III peak interval.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Comparison of auditory brainstem response and behavioral audiometry in infants.

Sixty-three normal hearing infants, ranging from 1 to 12 months of age, were evaluated with Behavioral Observation Audiometry (BOA), Visual Reinforcement Audiometry (VRA), and Auditory Brainstem Response Audiometry (ABR). BOA thresholds decreased with increasing age for infants 0 to 6 months of age, while ABR threshold were essentially constant as a function of subject age. In general, VRA threshold were obtained only for infants over 4 months of age, and were relatively constant for the age range of 4 to 12 months. For neonates, BOA thresholds were significantly higher than ABR thresholds. BOA, VRA, and ABR thresholds tended to converge at a subject age of approximately 6 months, with VRA yielding the lowest and BOA the highest threshold. ABR provided the most consistent threshold for all subjects tested, regardless of age.

Acoustic Impedance Tests↗
PubMed1984

[The value of brain-stem audiometry in the selection of hearing aids].

A procedure of hearing aid evaluation by brainstem-evoked response audiometry (BERA) is described. The vailidty of the method is tested with regard to amplitude scattering (51 subjects) and by comparison of hearing aid parameters determined by speech audiometry (205 subjects) respectively by BERA (50 subjects). The results indicate that the influence of intra-individual amplitude variation on the reliability of the procedure is of minor importance only. Comparisons of gain and compression requirement determined by speech audiometry, respectively by BERA, show good agreement, proving the clinical importance and validity of hearing aid selection by BERA. Compression factors of available hearing aids, however, are poorly correlated with estimated compression requirements: only 22% of the hearing aids meet the requirements of about 80% of the subjects.

Audiometry↗
PubMed1980

[EEG-audiometry at hyperbaric environments (author's transl)].

Within the framework of the complex studies on divers (subjective audiometry, EEG, ECG ect.) before, during and after a simulated diving in a barometric chamber up to 75 m (8.5 atm), an EEG-audiometry was applied on 5 persons. It is established that the amplitude of all components of auditory evoked responses during the stay at the "Bottom" is reduced, and in the period of de-saturization (especially at later decompression stages) grows and exceeds the initial one (especially N1P2- and N2P2-components) and others. In conclusion it is admitted that the changes in the values of the auditory function, tested by means of EEG-audiometry methods are a promising index of the state of the auditory analyzer.

Adult↗