Randomized trial of aromatherapy: successful treatment for alopecia areata.
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Complementary therapies are being used by nurses across America to enhance patient care. Aroma-therapy is a tool for holistic nursing that appears to enhance pain control and could prove to be a useful addition to peri-anesthesia nursing practice. This report addresses the emergence of non-conventional therapies and examines the potential role for aroma-therapy in peri-anesthesia pain management. Tables provide information about essential oils and application methods.
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This paper examines the potential dangers for pregnant, labouring, and newly delivered women of using essential oils without adequate knowledge of the actions of the chemical constituents of the oils. Although the discussion focuses specifically on the use of essential oils by midwives, the principles could equally apply to other health professionals.
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The assumption by aromatherapists that essential oils are more beneficial when applied as mixes of two or more was tested using several in vitro bioactivity parameters. These included assays against 25 different bacteria, pharmacological studies using a smooth muscle preparation (guinea-pig ileum) and also the predicted effect on the patient as a whole on the basis of chemical analysis (using gas chromatography). The results showed an enhancement in the antibacterial effect of some essential oils when used in mixes only when these were poor antibacterial agents on their own. The action on smooth muscle was often drastically changed when using mixes due to the combination of relaxant and contractile essential oils. A stimulant effect on patients was dependent almost entirely on a high monoterpene concentration. Due to the pharmacological changes achieved by mixing different essential oils, which cannot be predicted from animal studies, there is a possible danger in the indiscriminate usage of mixes on some susceptible patients, e.g., asthmatics and also during pregnancy and childbirth.
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