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Results for “Arm Injuries”

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At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed2004

A 10-year study of snowboard injuries in Lapland Sweden.

Snowboard injuries in a Swedish ski area were evaluated from 1989 to 1999. All injured skiers (alpine, telemark, snowboarders) who sought medical attention at the local Medical Center within 48 h of the accident, were asked to answer an injury form. Physicians assessed and treated the injured skiers. There were a total of 1775 injured skiers; 568 injured snowboarders mean age 19 years. The female/male ratio was 34/66%, the injury rate 3/1000 skier days, three times higher than that of alpine skiers. The skill level of the injured snowboard riders improved during the period. The fall/run ratio of the beginners was higher (1.0) and their risk behavior lower (3.9 on visual analogue scale 1-10) in comparison to the advanced riders (0.4 and 6.6, respectively). Injuries were in 54% located to the upper extremity, 35% were wrist/lower arm injuries. Beginners had significantly higher frequency of lower arm/wrist injuries (46%), than average (32%) and advanced riders (20%). The most frequent single diagnosis was wrist/lower arm fracture (20%). Advanced riders tend to have more head/neck injuries than beginners, 17% vs. 13% (NS). Thus, with elevated skill level the injury pattern changed. For injury prevention, wrist guards and helmets are recommended for snowboard riders.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

Do psychological variables modify motor recovery among patients with mild arm paresis after stroke or traumatic brain injury who receive the Arm Ability Training?

PURPOSE: The Arm Ability Training improves motor function among stroke and traumatic brain injury patients with mild arm paresis. There is, however, a considerable variability in motor recovery among patients receiving the Arm Ability Training. The study investigated whether psychological variables can explain the variability in motor recovery. METHODS: In a sample of 33 patients receiving the Arm Ability Training both motor performance (by use of the standardised arm function test TEMPA) and cognitive functions (attention, perceptual abilities, and learning) as well as depression were assessed before training was commenced. Both univariate correlational analyses and stepwise multiple regression were used to investigate these variables' ability to predict motor improvement (TEMPA difference scores from pre to post test after 3 weeks). RESULTS: The degree of motor dysfunction of the affected arm explained most (70%) of the variance of motor improvement scores of the standardised arm function test (TEMPA). Psychometric scores showed no or at the most weak associations with motor improvement (explaining at the most 10% of the variance). CONCLUSIONS: Psychological variables had not been critical modifiers of motor recovery among stroke and traumatic brain injury patients with mild arm paresis receiving the Arm Ability Training.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effects of partial immobilization after eccentric exercise on recovery from muscle damage.

CONTEXT: Short-term strict immobilization of the arm using a cast enhances recovery of muscle function after eccentric exercise. OBJECTIVE: To determine if placing one arm in a sling ("light" immobilization) for 4 days after eccentric exercise of the elbow flexor muscles would reduce muscle soreness and enhance recovery compared with the exercised but not immobilized contralateral arm. DESIGN: Subjects performed 10 sets of 6 maximal isokinetic (90 degrees x s(-1)) eccentric actions of the elbow flexors of each arm on a Cybex dynamometer, separated by 2 weeks. SETTING: University laboratory. PATIENTS OR OTHER PARTICIPANTS: Ten healthy subjects (5 men and 5 women) with no history of upper arm injury or resistance training. INTERVENTION(S): One randomly assigned arm was placed in a sling for 4 days after the 30-minute postexercise measurement to secure the elbow joint at 90 degrees ; the contralateral arm received no treatment. The subject removed the sling when showering and sleeping and during postexercise measurements. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): We used an activity monitor to record upper arm activity before and after immobilization. We also compared changes in maximal isometric and isokinetic voluntary strength, range of motion, upper arm circumference, plasma creatine kinase activity, and muscle soreness during 7 days postexercise between arms with a 2-way, repeated-measures analysis of variance. RESULTS: Eccentric exercise resulted in large losses in both isometric and isokinetic maximal voluntary contraction forces (approximately 40%), reduced range of motion (approximately 20%), increased arm circumference (approximately 10 mm), elevated plasma creatine kinase activity (approximately 2000 IU x L(-1)), and development of delayed-onset muscle soreness. No significant differences were noted between conditions for any measure except upper arm circumference, which increased significantly less for the immobilization than the control arm at 7 days postexercise (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS: Light immobilization had no effect on enhancing recovery of muscle function and delayed-onset muscle soreness after eccentric-exercise-induced muscle damage.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1994

[Combination of Monteggia and Galeazzi injury of the same arm].

A combination injury to the forearm, consisting of Monteggia- and Galeazzi lesion is described. After osteosyntheses of the fractures the dislocation of the head of radius and ulna were reduced spontaneously because of restauration of correct axes and length. Because of a simultaneous fracture of the coronoid process an above elbow plaster cast was supplied. Healing took place with free motion of all joints.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Effect of arm ergometry training on wheelchair propulsion endurance of individuals with quadriplegia.

Arm cycle ergometry has been shown to be an effective mode of cardiopulmonary training for individuals with spinal cord injuries. Arm cycle ergometry training results in an increased maximal oxygen uptake, exercise-induced bradycardia, and increased physical work capacity. Whether improvements in cardiopulmonary function parallel improvements in functional endurance, however, is unknown. In addition, no readily available tool to evaluate improvements in functional endurance has been identified. The purpose of this investigation was to determine the effects of arm cycle ergometry training on the wheelchair propulsion endurance of individuals with spinal cord injuries. Eight adult men with quadriplegia were evaluated before and after eight weeks of arm cycle ergometry training. A modified Cooper's 12-minute run-walk test, a sustained wheelchair propulsion task, was used to document improvements in functional endurance. Submaximal exercise heart rate, physical work capacity, and maximal oxygen uptake were used to document improvements in cardiopulmonary function. The results demonstrate that improvements in cardiopulmonary function parallel increases in wheelchair propulsion endurance. A sustained 12-minute wheelchair propulsion task is shown to be a readily available tool in the evaluation of functional endurance of individuals with spinal cord injuries. The improvements in wheelchair propulsion endurance should assist the individual in completing activities of school, work, recreation, and daily living.

Activities of Daily Living↗