Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Anuria”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed2003

Dissolution of uric acid stones causing acute obstructing anuria in three consecutive infants.

We report on 3 infants with obstructive anuria due to bilateral uric acid stones. In all patients the precipitating cause of acute obstructive renal failure was choking of bilateral ureteropelvic junction with numerous small uric acid stones without cause pelvicaliceal dilatation. While the chemical dissolution therapy succeeded in dissolving the stones in 2 patients, unilateral percutaneous nephrostomy application associated with alkalization achieved dissolution of obstructing stones in the remaining 1 patient.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed2004

Calculus anuria in a spina bifida patient, who had solitary functioning kidney and recurrent renal calculi.

STUDY DESIGN: Clinical case report with comments by colleagues from Austria, Belgium, Germany, Japan, and Poland. OBJECTIVES: To discuss challenges in the management of spinal bifida patients, who have marked kyphoscoliosis and no vascular access. SETTING: Regional Spinal Injuries Centre, Southport, UK. METHODS: A female patient, who was born with spina bifida, paraplegia and solitary right kidney, had undergone ileal loop urinary diversion. Renal calculi were noted in 1986. Percutaneous nephrostolithotomy was performed in 1989 and there was no residual stone fragment. However, she developed recurrence of calculi in the lower pole of the right kidney in 1991. Intravenous urography, performed in 1995, revealed right staghorn calculus and hydronephrosis. Chest X-ray showed markedly restricted lung volume due to severe kyphoscoliosis. In 2000, she was declared unsuitable for anaesthesia due to a lack of venous access and a high likelihood of difficulty in weaning off the ventilator in the postoperative period. In June 2002, she developed anuria (urine output=18 ml/24 h) due to ball-valve-type obstruction by a renal stone at the ureteropelvic junction. Urea: 14.4 mmol/l; creatinine: 236 microl/l. Ultrasound showed right hydronephrosis. Percutaneous nephrostomy was performed. RESULTS: Following relief of urinary tract obstruction, there was postobstructive diuresis (3765 ml/24 h). However, the patient expired 19 days later due to progressive respiratory failure. CONCLUSION: In this spina bifida patient, who had reached the age of 35 years, severe kyphoscoliosis and lack of vascular access presented insurmountable challenges to implement the desired surgical procedure for removal of stones from a solitary kidney.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Postrenal anuria after appendectomy in childhood.

An 11-year-old boy suffered from macroscopic haematuria and bilateral flank pain a few days after uneventful appendectomy for retrocaecal appendicitis phlegmonosa. Ultrasonography revealed a complete bilateral distal obstruction of the ureters. Renal failure due to postrenal anuria resolved completely after intravenous antibiotics.

Anuria↗
PubMed1993

[Bilateral ureteral amyloidosis manifested by anuria].

Ureteral amyloidosis is an uncommon disease. It usually presents as an ureteral stenosis and resembles ureteral malignancy. The lesion consists of localized amyloidosis, containing lambda light chains, the etiology of which remains unknown. Ureteral calcifications have been suggested to be pathognomonic. When the diagnosis of ureteral amyloidosis is considered preoperatively, a renal-sparing surgery must be planned. We observed a case of bilateral ureteral amyloidosis presenting with anuria; the patient was treated with conservative surgery and colchicine. The renal function improved without recurrence and remained stable after 5 years of follow-up.

Aged↗
PubMed1976

Acute anuria secondary to renal artery stenosis.

Three patients with acute onset of anuria secondary to renal malperfusion were successfully treated by revascularization. Twelve such patients have previously been reported. The role of surgery for prophylaxis in stenosing renal artery disease is advocated.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2002

Giant nonpancreatic pseudocyst causing acute anuria.

Giant intraabdominal cysts masquerading as ascites are not uncommon. We present a unique case of a giant intraabdominal pseudocyst that resulted in acute abdominal compartment syndrome, leading to anuria and acute renal failure. A 52-year-old woman with known severe cardiac dysfunction presented with generalized edema, marked abdominal distension, and decreased urine output. She was initially presumed to have congestive heart failure with refractory ascites. She became completely anuric. A diagnosis of intraabdominal compartment syndrome from a giant cyst was ultimately made after careful review of her abdominal imaging. Urgent drainage and subsequent marsupialization of the giant pseudocyst resulted in immediate diuresis and a subsequent return to her baseline renal function. As this case illustrates, differentiation of pseudoascites from true ascites may be difficult in a clinical setting or using laboratory studies. A clear differentiation can usually be made using imaging studies, mainly magnetic resonance imaging, computerized axial tomography, or ultrasound. To our knowledge, this is the first case report of a nonrenal pseudocyst or cyst leading to acute renal failure from extrinsic compression. Abdominal compartment syndrome needs to be considered in the differential diagnosis of patients with acute renal failure and presumed large-volume ascites.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1984

Acute anuria and hypertension after left renal vein ligation: reversal after decompression of renal venous system.

Ligation of the renal vein in a patient with a solitary left kidney resulted in acute anuria and hypertension. These conditions were reversed by decompressing the renal venous system through anastomosis of the end of the left renal vein to the side of the splenic vein. After the anastomosis there was a decrease in renal size, a prompt diuresis, and a return of blood pressure to normal. Four months later, computerized tomography of the abdomen showed dilated renal and splenic veins and a slightly enlarged kidney; renal function was stable and the blood pressure was within normal limits.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2006

Transient anuria requiring nephrostomy after intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guérin instillations for superficial bladder cancer.

A 76-year-old man received intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) instillations for recurrent superficial bladder cancer. He had undergone right nephroureterectomy for right renal pelvic cancer 9 months previously. He presented with anuria and left hydronephrosis after the fourth instillation, with serum creatinine increasing up to 15.7 mg/dL. Percutaneous nephrostomy was indwelled, and antegrade pyelography showed left vesicoureteral obstruction. There was no sign of recurrent bladder cancer or ureteral cancer. He started spontaneous voiding on day 4 and the nephrostomy was removed on day 8. Most of the side-effects of intravesical BCG therapy are minor, and major adverse reactions are rare. Life-threatening ureteral obstruction would be a rare complication of BCG immunotherapy. Although BCG intravesical instillation after nephroureterectomy is a common practice, special care should be taken of renal function in patients with unilateral kidney during BCG therapy.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1986

Equilibration, distribution, and elimination of a single dose of intravenous ethanol in dogs with intact renal function or anuria.

We infused 11 mmol/kg of intravenous ethanol into dogs with either intact renal function (n = 5) or ureteral ligation (n = 7), and studied by frequent blood sampling and by urine collection the time and mode of ethanol equilibration, the elimination parameters, and the comparison of observed equilibrated plasma ethanol levels to levels predicted either by linear or by nonlinear kinetics. Equilibration time was 25 min or less, renal fraction of elimination was less than 5% of total elimination, and both linear (elimination rate) and nonlinear (Vmax and Km) elimination parameters were not different between dogs with intact renal function and dogs with anuria. Serum sodium concentration did not change throughout the experiments, eliminating the hypothesis that acute ethanol load creates clinically significant temporary osmotic water transfer from the intracellular into the extracellular compartment. Distribution volumes of ethanol from linear kinetics were slightly, but not statistically, greater than volumes from nonlinear kinetics. Equilibrated plasma ethanol levels predicted by linear kinetics agreed closely with observed levels greater than 4 mmol/liter, but underestimated observed levels less than 4 mmol/liter. Equilibrated plasma ethanol levels predicted by nonlinear kinetics agreed with observed levels throughout the range of observed concentrations. The use of linear kinetics to predict blood ethanol levels should be limited to the pseudolinear portion of the blood alcohol curve.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Captopril-induced acute renal artery thrombosis and persistent anuria in a patient with documented pre-existing renal artery stenosis and renal failure.

We describe an elderly man, with pre-existing renal failure and atheromatous renal artery stenosis, who developed persistent anuria due to renal artery thrombosis after acute hypotension following captopril administration. Caution should be used when captopril is first administered to patients with impaired renal function in whom renal artery stenosis is known or suspected.

Aged↗
PubMed2002

Glycyrrhetinic acid decreases plasma potassium concentrations in patients with anuria.

ABSTRACT. Licorice-associated hypertension is thought to be due to increased renal sodium retention. The active compound of licorice, glycyrrhetinic acid (GA), inhibits renal 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 (11beta-HSD2) and by that mechanism increases access of cortisol to the mineralocorticoid receptor that causes renal sodium retention and potassium loss. In addition, a direct vascular effect of 11beta-HSD activity has recently been incriminated to promote hypertension, a contention based on in vitro observations. This investigation was designed to establish whether this extrarenal effect of 11beta-HSD is relevant for BP regulation and potassium concentrations in plasma. In a prospective, double-blind, cross-over study, seven patients with anuria on chronic hemodialysis were randomly assigned after a baseline period of 2 wk to placebo or GA (1 g/d) for 2 wk, separated by a washout phase of 3 wk. The ratio of plasma cortisol/cortisone, determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, increased in all patients after GA intake (F = 9.705; P < 0.004), which indicates inhibition of 11beta-HSD. Twenty-four-hour BP values did not change throughout the study. The increase of the plasma cortisol/cortisone ratio was paralleled by a decline in the plasma potassium concentration in every patient. The mean +/- SD plasma potassium concentration decreased from 5.5 +/- 0.6 mM/L at baseline to 4.9 +/- 0.7 and 4.5 +/- 0.8 mM/L after 1 and 2 wk on GA, respectively (F = 9.934, P < 0.003). Extrarenal 11beta-HSD activity influences serum potassium concentrations but does not regulate BP independently of renal sodium retention.

11-beta-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases↗
PubMed2004

[The benefit of plasmapheresis in a patient with steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome and anuria--long-term follow-up].

Recently, plasma exchange (PE) has been added to the treatment regimen for patients with steroid-, cyclophosphamide-, and cyclosporine-resistant nephrotic syndrome. This is a case report of a female patient with severe acute renal failure (ARF) during the relapse of steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS) who recovered completely after PE and became steroid-sensitive in further follow-up of 48 months. An 8-year-old girl was referred to Nephrology Department of the University Children's Hospital due to relapse of SRNS complicated with ARF. Her nephrotic syndrome (mesangioproliferative glomerulonephritis) was diagnosed at the age of 17 months. During the following 6 years, she was given several therapeutic regimens including pulse prednisolone, cyclophosphamide, Cyclosporine (CyA), but she continued to have frequent relapses and during the last six months she was steroid- and cyclosporine-resistant. Three days before admission, she was febrile, had cellulites of the lower abdominal wall, diarrhea, vomiting, hypovolemic shock with generalized edema, severe hypoproteinemia and hypoalbuminemia. In a local hospital, she was treated with fresh frozen plasma, albumin, methylprednisolone, furosemide and antibiotics, but she became anuric and was referred to our hospital. There were no signs of hemolysis. Anuria lasted for 12 days. She was discharged after 42 days in remission with normal GFR. Principal treatment included: 13 sequential hemodialysis sessions (30% of body weight was removed as excess volume), 6 PE, corticosteroids, CyA, ACE inhibitor, antibiotics, antimycotics, and cimetidine. Six PE sessions were performed every other day. In further 48-month follow-up, while under the treatment of CyA the patient had a few steroid-sensitive relapses, the first being 6 months after PE. The second kidney biopsy showed focal segmental glomerulosclerosis with no signs of apparent CyA nephrotoxicity. "Malignant" course of disease in our patient was a good reason to introduce PE into the treatment. Since PE was the only additional mode of treatment, it is believed that its effect was crucial for milder activity of the disease.

Anuria↗
PubMed1987

Surgical treatment of anuria caused by renal artery occlusion. Case report.

A patient with anuria caused by renal artery occlusion is presented. Revascularization was performed 42 days after onset of renal failure, and resulted in complete normalization of kidney function. The case demonstrates that surgical treatment of prolonged renal artery occlusion with subsequent return of renal function is possible.

Aged↗
PubMed2005

A transplanted kidney surviving total vessel occlusion and anuria.

We report a case of a 46-year-old white male with renal graft artery stenosis who developed acute renal shutdown with total anuria while on the ACE inhibitor lisinopril, one week following the discontinuation of aspirin. The serum creatinine was 8.5 mg/dl. Doppler ultrasound and MAG3 scintigraphy of the grafted kidney were highly suggestive of a viable but nonfunctioning kidney. A femoro-femoral bypass for total thrombosis of the right common iliac artery was performed distal to the occlusion. Immediate diuresis was obtained after establishing the bypass. Serum creatinine dropped to 1.35 mg/dl three days later. In this case we believe that the collateral circulation played a significant role in immediate recovery of kidney function by maintaining renal perfusion pressure and preventing acute tubular necrosis (ATN). We also believe that the ACE inhibitor might have contributed to salvaging the kidney by improving medullary oxygen balance and maintaining adequate medullary blood flow.

Anuria↗
PubMed2001

[A case of urothelial tumors which occurred simultaneously in bilateral upper urinary tracts and bladder presenting with anuria].

A 72-year-old male was admitted with a chief complaint of anuria. Clinical examinations showed that he was in uremic state and had bilateral hydronephroses. An endoscopic examination revealed a left ureteral tumor and a bladder tumor. Left nephroureterectomy with partial cystectomy and transurethral resection of the bladder tumor were performed. Pathological examinations showed an invasive left renal pelvic tumor (pT3, G3), an invasive left ureteral tumor (pT4, G3), and a bladder tumor (pTis, G3). Following the operation, roentgenological and urinary cytological findings showed a right ureteral carcinoma. He died of multiple liver and bone metastases and local recurrence at 5 months postoperatively.

Aged↗
PubMed2002

[A case of extramammary Paget's disease presenting with anuria].

A 64-year-old man was admitted with dyspnea and edema of the left lower extremity to the Department of Medicine, and referred to our department presenting with anuria and scrotal edema. Physical examinations revealed a large nodular tumor extending from his penis to the lower abdomen. He was diagnosed with penile tumor that had invaded into the retroperitoneal space. Histological findings revealed extramammary Paget's disease. Radiation therapy, low dose chemotherapy, and hormone therapy were performed, but he died of invasion and multiple metastasis of the tumor 5 months later.

Adenocarcinoma↗