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PubMedDate not supplied

[Urethral stricture in Africa. Urologic complication of sexually transmitted diseases in the male in Africa].

Urethral stricture is a very frequent and severe complication of sexually transmitted diseases in African male. It is very often largely sclerous and inflammatory as the patients come to consultation very late. Urethral repair techniques are analysed, so the principles of surgical procedure. When urethral stricture is brief and "catheterisable", and in case of recurrence, endoscopic dilatation or endoscopic internal urethrotomy must be performed in the first place. In the others cases, in order, we advise: free skin graft urethroplasty (Devine), pedicled vaginal urethroplasty (Kishev), scrotal flap urethroplasty (Blandy), and the two-stage urethroplasty. In fact this choice depends on the urethral and peri-urethral lesions and on the operator's practice.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

The role played by wildlife in the epizootiology of rabies in South Africa and South-West Africa.

The role played by wildlife in the perpetuation of rabies is discussed in the light of information obtained during a routine examination of specimens at the Veterinary Research Institute, Onderstepoort, during the 10-year period, 1967-1976. In the course of the investigation, 9 additional hosts of rabies were confirmed and 4 rabies areas identified. The chief disseminators in 2 of these areas were found to be the dog (Canis familiaris) and the black-backed jackal (C. mesomelas); in the third area, the yellow mongoose (Cynictis penicillata), and in the fourth Genetta and Felis spp., including the domestic cat (Felis catis). It was noted that the domestic cat is of less importance in those areas where dogs and jackals are the chief disseminators.

Animal Population Groups↗
PubMed1993

A malaria control trial using insecticide-treated bed nets and targeted chemoprophylaxis in a rural area of The Gambia, west Africa. 1. A review of the epidemiology and control of malaria in The Gambia, west Africa.

Malaria was recognized as an important cause of death among early European visitors to The Gambia, but the infection was first studied systematically in the local population only in the 1950s. Studies undertaken in the village of Keneba at that time showed that nearly all children under the age of 5 years had parasitaemia throughout the year. More recent surveys in rural areas of The Gambia have shown much lower levels of parasitaemia, probably as a result of a decline in rainfall in The Gambia during the past 30 years and because of an increase in the availability of anti-malarial drugs. Nevertheless, community surveys and reviews of hospital statistics show that malaria is still one of the most important causes of death among Gambian children; about 1 in 25 rural Gambian children die from malaria before reaching the age of 5 years. Until recently, malaria control in The Gambia relied upon prompt treatment of clinical attacks, first with quinine and more recently with chloroquine, and upon some limited vector control in the capital, Banjul. However, during the past few years, it has been shown that mortality in rural children can be reduced substantially by means of chemoprophylaxis given by village health workers. Bed nets (mosquito nets) are used widely in The Gambia and epidemiological surveys have shown an association between the use of bed nets and protection against malaria. This observation led to a series of small scale intervention trials.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Age Factors↗