Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “ABDOMINAL INJURIES”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

Seatbelt sign following blunt trauma is associated with increased incidence of abdominal injury.

The use of seatbelts has reduced the overall mortality associated with motor vehicle accidents. The use of lap belts has, however, been associated with a constellation of abdominal injuries, which has been termed "the seatbelt syndrome." Previous studies have shown no increase in overall rates of abdominal injury but an increase in intestinal injury with the use of lap belts. Retrospective reviews suggest that the presence of a "seatbelt sign" may further increase the risk of intestinal injury. The purpose of this study is to prospectively evaluate the incidence of abdominal and intestinal injuries in patients with a "seatbelt sign." A consecutive sample of 117 adult motor vehicle accident victims were studied between July 1993 and January 1994. The use of seatbelts and the presence or absence of a seatbelt sign were determined on admission. Patients were evaluated with computed tomography scan of the abdomen, diagnostic peritoneal lavage, serial abdominal examinations, and operative findings. On arrival, 14 of 117 (12%) had an abdominal seatbelt sign. Of these 14, 9 (64%) had abdominal injury, 5 (36%) required operative intervention, and 3 (21%) had small bowel perforation. In contrast, the 103 patients without a seatbelt sign had significantly fewer abdominal injuries (9; 8.7%), laparotomies (4; 3.8%), and small intestine perforations (2; 103; 1.9%). We conclude that the presence of a seatbelt sign is associated with an increased likelihood of abdominal and intestinal injuries and mandates a heightened index of suspicion.

Abdominal Injuries↗
PubMed2002

Pelvic fractures: epidemiology and predictors of associated abdominal injuries and outcomes.

BACKGROUND: Pelvic fractures are often associated with major intraabdominal injuries or severe bleeding from the fracture site. OBJECTIVE: To study the epidemiology of pelvic fractures and identify important risk factors for associated abdominal injuries, bleeding, need for angiographic embolization, and death. METHODS: Trauma registry study on pelvic fractures from blunt trauma. Stepwise logistic regression was used to identify risk factors of severe pelvic fractures, associated abdominal injuries, need for major blood transfusion, therapeutic embolization, and death from pelvic fracture. Adjusted relative risks and 95% confidence intervals were derived. RESULTS: There were 16,630 trauma registry patients with blunt trauma, of whom 1,545 (9.3%) had a pelvic fracture. The incidence of abdominal injuries was 16.5%, and the most common injured organs were the liver (6.1%) and the bladder and urethra (5.8%). In severe pelvic fractures (Abbreviated Injury Scale [AIS] > or =4), the incidence of associated intraabdominal injuries was 30.7%, and the most commonly injured organs were the bladder and urethra (14.6%). Among the risk factors studied, motor vehicle crash is the only notable risk factor negatively associated with severe pelvic fracture. Major risk factors for associated liver injury were motor vehicle crash and pelvis AIS > or = 4. Risk factors of major blood loss were age > 16 years, pelvic AIS > or =4, angiographic embolization, and Injury Severity Score (ISS) > 25. Age> 55 years was the only predictor for associated aortic injury. Factors associated with therapeutic angiographic embolization were pelvic AIS > or =4 and ISS > 25. The overall mortality was 13.5%, but only 0.8% died as a direct result of pelvic fracture. The only pronounced risk factor associated with mortality was ISS>25. CONCLUSIONS: Some epidemiological variables are important risk factors of severity of pelvic fractures, presence of associated abdominal injuries, blood loss, and need of angiography. These risk factors can help in selecting the most appropriate diagnostic and therapeutic interventions.

Abdominal Injuries↗
PubMed1981

[The value of peritoneal lavage in the diagnosis of closed abdominal injury (author's transl)].

The authors render an account of their experiences with peritoneal lavage done on blunt closed abdominal injuries, mostly on patients in unconscious poly-traumatised state. The method is simple, it needs no special equipments, it can be done at any time immediately, it does not incommode the patient, it is an uncomplicated but suitable procedure, and it is a good aid in case of difficulties always arising in connection with blunt closed abdominal injuries. In uncertain cases it helps the indication of the quick surgical interventions and the elimination of the unnecessary laparatomies and, consequently, it leads to better healing. The application of the necessary wash volume is essential. On the basis of the good results the application is recommended in all accident wards and in all surgical sections. The authors are of the opinion that in uncertain cases the favouring of the diagnostic laparatomy and to neglect the aforesaid treatment nowadays is a step-back on the field of the diagnosis of blunt abdominal injuries.

Abdominal Injuries↗
PubMed1992

Frequency of intra-abdominal injury in cases of blunt trauma to the cervical spinal cord.

Historically, early management of the blunt trauma victim with hemodynamic instability and cervical spinal cord injury has been hampered by the physician's inability to perform an accurate physical examination. Invasive and time-consuming diagnostic tests are often run to check for the presence of occult intra-abdominal injuries. For this reason, we decided to study these patients by reviewing a clinical registry to assess the frequency of intra-abdominal injuries in cases of cervical spinal cord trauma. We hypothesized that intra-abdominal injury would occur infrequently in cases of blunt trauma to the cervical spinal cord. In fact, data from the Maryland Institute for Emergency Medical Services Systems revealed that blunt trauma victims with cervical cord injury rarely (2.6%) sustained intra-abdominal wounds. Further analysis of this population revealed that specific mechanisms of trauma and the presence of hemodynamic instability and other major injuries were factors strongly associated with occult intra-abdominal injury. In light of these findings, we have outlined a protocol for management of these patients that is geared toward more rapid stabilization of the injured spinal column.

Abdominal Injuries↗
PubMed2002

The risk of abdominal injury to women during sport.

Although trauma to pregnant women is a potential risk during sport, as there is no published information about the magnitude of this risk, it is presumed to be low. Whilst there is an emerging literature about the risk of adverse outcomes following severe and catastrophic trauma to pregnant women, this literature almost exclusively focuses on road trauma victims or the result of assault. This paper describes the risk of abdominal injuries to women participants across a range of sports in Australia. An extensive search of the available literature could not identify any studies that had discussed this issue specifically in pregnant women. Studies, which have reported injuries in athletes, have generally found abdominal/chest injuries to account for fewer than 2% of all injuries, even in contact sports. Most of these published studies do not differentiate between the chest and abdomen and provide no specfic details on the exact nature or mechanisms of the injuries. Given the limitations of the published studies, an examination of data from two Australian general injury databases (one describing hospital admissions, the other hospital emergency department presentations), three Australian sports-injury treatment databases (sports medicine clinic attendances and medical coverage services) and one cohort study was undertaken to describe sports-related abdominal injuries. These analyses confirm that the risk of abdominal injury during sport is very low. In conclusion, currently there is not an adequate evidence-base for quantifying the risk of abdominal injuries during sport in women, let alone pregnant women or for justifying a ban of sport on this basis. Recommendations for future epidemiological sports injury studies and the potential for linkages with perinatal morbidity and mortality databases are given.

Abdominal Injuries↗
PubMed1985

Influence of velocity and forced compression on the severity of abdominal injury in blunt, nonpenetrating lateral impact.

Lateral impacts of automobiles frequently result in abdominal injury to the occupants. While there have been important advances in the clinical management of this lateral impact trauma, the abdominal tolerance to injury from lateral impacts remains uncertain. The present report describes a series of 117 experiments in which the effect of changing the impact velocity and the forced abdominal compression upon the abdominal injuries sustained was monitored. The impact velocity was varied from 3 to 15 m/s, and the abdominal compression was varied from 10 to 50%. Serious injuries (AIS greater than or equal to 3) occurred in the following proportions of the total number of serious injuries: renal (54%), hepatic (44%), and splenic (1%). Impact side was a significant factor in hepatic and splenic tolerance, but not in renal tolerance. An abdominal injury criterion (AIC) is proposed which is a function of the impact velocity times the forced abdominal compression, but more work is necessary before it can be applied to human beings.

Abdominal Injuries↗
PubMed1963

ABDOMINAL INJURIES.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Abdominal Injuries↗
PubMed1991

Evaluation of liver function tests in screening for intra-abdominal injuries.

STUDY OBJECTIVES: To determine the utility of serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT) and serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT) in predicting intra-abdominal injury in blunt trauma patients. DESIGN: Descriptive review of 309 blunt trauma admissions during study period. SETTING: A 1,000-bed Level I trauma center in a major metropolitan area. TYPE OF PARTICIPANTS: Consecutive adult blunt trauma admissions to the trauma service. INTERVENTIONS: Serum levels of study enzymes were measured at initial evaluation and subsequent hospitalization. Results of all intra-abdominal evaluations were recorded. MAIN RESULTS: Significantly greater numbers of patients with SGOT and/or SGPT elevated to more than 130 IU/L had associated intra-abdominal injuries as compared with patients with enzyme elevations of less than 130 IU/L (52% versus 8%). All 18 patients with liver injuries had one or both enzymes elevated to more than 130 IU/L. Higher enzyme levels were more frequently associated with liver injury. CONCLUSIONS: Elevation of serum levels of the study enzymes is a marker for intra-abdominal injury. Levels in excess of 130 IU/L are relative indicators of abdominal computed tomography scan. Levels of less than 130 IU/L are unlikely to be associated with liver injury.

Abdominal Injuries↗
PubMed1989

[Diagnosis and routines in abdominal injuries].

In patients with suspected intra-abdominal injuries the diagnostic process must conclude with a decision to do a laparotomy or to observe the patient. If the circulation is unstable because of intra-abdominal bleeding, or the patient has peritonitis, he must be operated on without delay. Otherwise, a range of different diagnostic tools may be chosen. It is wise to work according to a plan and to choose diagnostic methods that are able to give considerable help in deciding whether to operate or not. Ultrasonography or computed tomography will often be good choices.

Abdominal Injuries↗
PubMed1984

Closed and penetrating abdominal injuries in Nigerian Igbos.

Fifty-two patients undergoing operations for abdominal injury were studied. Road traffic accidents were the commonest cause of injury. The spleen was the most commonly injured organ; injuries of several abdominal organs were rare. There were no deaths.

Abdominal Injuries↗
PubMed1989

[Retroperitoneal hematoma as a consequence of blunt abdominal injury].

In our examination we have used clinical material of 448 cases treated in our clinics for blunt abdominal trauma in period from 1976. to 1988. with special care on the group of 172 patients in who the retroperitoneal haematoma was founded. In the group of 172 patients we have examined the frequency on way to age, sex, and presence of the retroperitoneal haematoma in clinical picture of the blunt abdominal injury, and frequency of the retroperitoneal haematoma in abdominal injury connected with the injuries of the other organs.

Abdominal Injuries↗
PubMed1988

Hematuria. A marker of abdominal injury in children after blunt trauma.

The clinical significance of hematuria after blunt trauma was studied in 378 consecutive children evaluated by computed tomography (CT) of the abdomen. Clinical and demographic data, as well as indications for CT (such as hematuria, abdominal tenderness, distention, contusions, and abrasions) were recorded prospectively at the time of CT examination. Hematuria was present in 256 children (68%). Of these, 168 (66%) had microscopic blood (greater than or equal to 10 RBC/HPF), 52 (20%) had a positive dip-stick (less than 10 RBC/HPF), and 36 (14%) had gross hematuria. Both the presence and increasing amount of blood in the urine were associated with significantly higher risk for abdominal injury, multiple organ trauma, and renal injury. Yet when asymptomatic hematuria was the only indication for CT examination, the risk of any abdominal injury was negligible (0 of 41 patients). The presence and severity of hematuria can be useful markers of underlying abdominal injury only in association with other suggestive clinical signs and symptoms. Asymptomatic hematuria is a low-yield indication for abdominal CT in children with blunt abdominal trauma.

Abdominal Injuries↗