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Subperitoneal hemorrhage.

Clinical diagnosis of subperitoneal hemorrhage can be made in a substantial percentage of cases by recognition of a quite constant syndrome-provided the possibility of bleeding is considered. Progressive anemia, as indicated by repeated counts of erythrocytes in the blood or by hematocrit determinations, is confirmation of the diagnosis. The majority of patients recover spontaneously under conservative management.Surgical intervention is indicated if repeated episodes of hemorrhage occur or if the volume of circulating blood cannot be maintained by repeated transfusions of whole blood.

Abdomen↗

Retroperitoneal tumors in children; roentgen diagnosis.

A study was undertaken to determine whether there are any features of retroperitoneal tumors in children that might be demonstrated on roentgenograms to aid in identifying them preoperatively. Study was limited to Wilms' tumor of the kidney and neuroblastoma. Calcification was found in 57 per cent of the neuroblastomas and in only 12 per cent of Wilms' tumors. Calcifications in neuroblastomas differed from those in Wilms' tumors. Calcification in neuroblastoma was more frequent in older children than in the younger ones. The kidney was frequently displaced by both types of tumor. However, the neuroblastoma always displaced the kidney downward, or downward and slightly outward. In most instances, the Wilms' tumor also displaced the kidney downward and outward, but in some instances upward and medially. This, of course, depended upon the site of origin of the tumor. There was a distortion of the intrarenal structures in 75 per cent of the cases of neuroblastoma and in 71 per cent of the cases of Wilms' tumor.

Abdomen↗

Desmoid tumors.

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Abdomen↗