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PubMed2004

[Coherence in case conceptualizations--concept and evaluation of a computer supported training program].

In several domains of professional expertise it has been found that experts' action is based on a deep understanding of the problems they act on, and also the outcome of psychotherapies depends on the quality of the view which therapists develop of their patients. Unfortunately there are signs that the quality of case conceptualizations is suboptimal in many instances, even after special (traditional) training. This was reason for developing an innovative program for the training of partial abilities required to develop differentiated case conceptualizations. In the program specifically the graphical representation of the relations a therapist sees is supported by a computer program. The program gives fast feedback on several formal aspects of the case conceptualization, among others its coherence, and supports its further elaboration. An evaluation of the program in a controlled trial with a total of 34 participating therapists showed a good acceptance and significant effects in several criteria for the quality of the representation of the analyzed cases.

Computer-Assisted Instruction↗
PubMed2006

Becoming an education architect. How to design a training program that fits your department's needs.

This article has discussed the concept of instructional design and the initial processes involved in creating high-quality, comprehensive training sessions that meet the needs of the EMS organization and its employees. Conducting a training needs assessment, as well as a training needs analysis, provides essential information about the types of training necessary to enhance overall performance. Additionally, knowing the audience and location for the training will afford insight into limitations on the program. This essential information leads to the creation of behavioral or performance objectives as the developing curriculum progresses.

Emergency Medical Technicians↗
PubMed1993

Design, implementation, and preliminary results of an Emergency Medical Technician-Intermediate training program on an Air Force installation.

Design and implementation of an Emergency Medical Technician-Intermediate program based on Air Force medical technician training is discussed. Criteria for candidate selection is given and course content is outlined. Ambulance use by the population as well as response times and success rates for field cardiac arrest for a 2-year period are discussed. Recommendations for future development are given.

Aerospace Medicine↗
PubMed1998

Functional independence training program: an example of a sub-acute care model for patients following primary joint replacement.

The Orthopaedic and Arthritic Hospital is a specialty institution dedicated to the provision of elective reconstructive orthopaedic surgery and rehabilitation to individuals with musculoskeletal disorders. This facility is the largest volume joint replacement centre in Canada, performing over 1,000 hip and knee replacement/revision procedures annually. In 1995, the hospital established a Functional Independence Training (FIT) program--a seven-day reactivation program for patients following primary joint replacement. The program aims to promote early independence, improve functional level and return patients to normal activity as quickly and cost-effectively as possible. The program has received positive patient feedback and has demonstrated the potential to save the health care system approximately $479,655 annually through the reduction of 1,453 acute and rehabilitation hospital inpatient days, based on the hospital's annual primary joint replacement caseload.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1995

Predictors of hearing protection use among workers: implications for training programs.

In this study, we used the conceptual Health Promotion Model to identify predictors of hearing protection use among blue-collar workers (N = 504). The strongest predictors were self-efficacy, benefits, value, and barriers. Items in the barriers scale were most strongly correlated with use and had the greatest potential for change. Therefore, items from this scale are being used as the primary basis for development of a training intervention program.

Automobiles↗
PubMed2004

Evaluation of the effects of an inservice training program on nursing faculty members' perceptions, knowledge, and concerns about students with disabilities.

This study evaluated the effects of an inservice program on the perceptions, knowledge, and concerns of nursing faculty members about students with disabilities. Training was delivered to 112 faculty members in eight nursing programs. Using a 6-point Likert scale, faculty members rated their perceptions of whether people with different types of disabilities could succeed as nursing students and professionals, their concerns regarding a number of issues about having these students in their programs, and their knowledge about how to teach and accommodate these students. The changes in faculty members' reported perceptions, before and after the training, regarding the capacity of students with five types of disabilities to be successful in nursing programs and as professionals were all statistically significant. Faculty members' concerns about patient safety, the time required of faculty, and effects on academic and clinical standards decreased significantly from before to after participating in the training. Faculty members' mean ratings of knowledge gained through the training was approximately 4, on the 6-point Likert scale, in the areas of accommodations, legal issues, clinical teaching strategies, and classroom strategies. The results of this study suggest that faculty members' perceptions, knowledge, and concerns can be positively affected through training.

Persons with Disabilities↗
PubMed1993

Teaching bedside interviewing skills in a social work training program.

Teaching interviewing skills has become a permanent feature of the training of social workers, although no standardization exits for interview training. At a learning center established through a collaborative effort between Haifa University and the Kupat Holim, an effective program for teaching bedside interviewing skills was established.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

A controlled study of the effects of a supervised cardiovascular fitness training program on the manifestations of primary fibromyalgia.

Forty-two patients with primary fibromyalgia were randomized into a 20-week program consisting of either cardiovascular fitness (CVR) training or simple flexibility exercises (FLEX) that did not lead to enhanced cardiovascular fitness. Patients were supervised by the same medical fitness instructors. Patients in neither group had contact with members of the other group, and were blinded as to the exercise taught to the alternative group. Groups met for 60 minutes 3 times each week. The compliance rate was 90%. Thirty-eight patients completed the study (18 with CVR training and 20 with FLEX). Blind assessments (standardized in preliminary trials to achieve acceptable inter-rater agreement) were performed by the same 2 examiners. After 20 weeks, patients receiving CVR training showed significantly improved cardiovascular fitness scores compared with those receiving FLEX training (t[35] = -4.22, P less than 0.003). Logistic regression analysis showed clinically and statistically significant improvements in pain threshold scores, which were measured directly over fibrositic tender points, in patients undergoing CVR (t[35] = 2.21, P less than 0.04). There was also a trend toward improvement in pain scores (visual analog scale) in the CVR group, but this did not reach statistical significance. There was no improvement in the percentage of body area affected by fibrositic symptoms or the number of nights per week or hours per night of disturbed sleep (self-report inventories). However, compared with the FLEX group, the CVR-trained patients improved significantly in both patient and physician global assessment scores.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1995

The adequacy of medical ethics education in a pediatrics training program.

PURPOSE: To identify ethical dilemmas commonly encountered during pediatrics training as a step toward improving medical ethics curricula for residents. METHOD: The authors identified seven recurring topics by reviewing the required case reports on ethical dilemmas experienced by students in the third-year pediatrics clerkship from June 1992 to June 1994 at the State University of New York at Buffalo School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences. Based on the topics identified, the authors then surveyed pediatrics housestaff in 1993-94 regarding the frequency of encountering the topics, levels of comfort in addressing the topics, role models and resources, and perceived need for improved training. RESULTS: A total of 214 student essays were reviewed. Thirty-six of 50 residents responded to the survey. In the following list of the seven topics, percentages are given for students who reported the topic, for residents who encountered the topic "very frequently" or "sometimes," and for residents who felt "very comfortable" or "somewhat comfortable" addressing the topic: child abuse or neglect (students reported, 28%, residents encountered, 94%, residents felt comfortable, 86%); use of heroic measures to maintain a terminal patient (20%, 89%, 69%); patient confidentiality (19%, 81%, 92%); resource allocation (12%, 67%, 54%); surrogate decision making (7%, 69%, 75%); patient autonomy (4%, 86%, 69%); and disclosure of information (2%, 69%, 60%). Eighty percent of the residents felt they could not intervene when they disagreed with decisions; 69% felt their training had not prepared them to address ethical dilemmas; 69% thought attending physicians were interested in discussing ethical issues; and 74% desired more training. CONCLUSION: Based on their self-reported experiences with topics identified as occurring frequently in pediatrics training, the residents perceived their training to be inadequate and desired more ethics education, but felt that the faculty were willing to assist in that training.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Living placement and absenteeism in community-based training programs.

A survey of client absenteeism in community-based training facilities was conducted. Results indicated that clients who resided with their natural parents were absent more frequently than were clients who resided in community living facilities. In addition, absenteeism was not related to level of intellectual functioning or to age. Sex differences approached significance as female clients were found to be absent more often than were male clients; however, the duration of the absences was shorter, resulting in no significant difference between sexes in total days absent.

Absenteeism↗
PubMed1997

Success of an outpatient claudication group training program for patients with peripheral arterial occlusive disease (PAOD): the Tübingen model.

Active exercise therapy plays a decisive role in the prognosis for early forms of peripheral arterial occlusive disease (stages I and II). We present a model project for an outpatient claudication group which has proved successful in the active exercise therapy of early forms of arterial occlusive disease (PAOD). In addition to the training principles familiar from intensified, performance-keyed walking programs, a newly developed pedal ergometer was employed which makes controlled endurance training possible for this patient group. The distance patients were able to walk without pain increased significantly in 17 out of the 26 patients taking part in the program. This clinical success was confirmed by an examination of arterial hemodynamics. The transformation of a theoretical concept into a functioning training program and the positive results achieved with it should encourage others to establish similar programs close to the patients' homes.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Introduction and evaluation of the international training program for primary health care in Thailand].

Since 1987 the international training course on primary health care (PHC) in Thailand has been offered six times by the ASEAN Institute for Health Development, Mahidol University, Thailand. The main objective of the training was to enhance the understanding of Japanese and Thai students and junior health and social scientists regarding health problems in Thailand, their social, economic and political backgrounds and PHC activities. The course content consisted of lectures regarding the health care delivery system and the PHC activities including on-site visits, field visit to urban and rural areas and small group discussions on the health problems in these areas, home stay at the rural village, and discussion on health and social development in Thailand. The training course was evaluated by the participants both at the end of the course and after one year. Almost all of the participants reported that they were provided with valuable experiences by the course. After one year, all of the participants that responded to the evaluation questionnaire stated that their attitude to social problems had been influenced by the training.

Education, Medical↗
PubMed1994

Patients with high baseline exercise capacity benefit from cardiac rehabilitation and exercise training programs.

Despite the well-proven benefits of cardiac rehabilitation and exercise training, no data are available on the benefits of this therapy in patients with preserved baseline exercise capacity. Therefore we assessed data before and after phase II cardiac rehabilitation and exercise programs at two large teaching institutions to determine the benefits in 163 patients with high baseline exercise capacity (> or = 6 estimated [mean 8.8 +/- 2.4] metabolic equivalents [METs]) compared with 125 patients with low baseline functional capacity (< 6 estimated [mean 4.6 +/- 0.8] METs). After cardiac rehabilitation and exercise training, patients with high baseline exercise capacity had significant improvements in triglyceride (-10%; p < 0.05), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (+7%; p < 0.001), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (-4%; p = 0.09) levels; low-density lipoprotein/high-density lipoprotein ratio (-10%; p < 0.01); body mass index (-1.5%; (p < 0.001); percent body fat (-6%; p < 0.0001); and exercise capacity (+22%; p < 0.0001). Patients with high baseline exercise capacity had less relative improvement in exercise capacity (p < 0.0001) after cardiac rehabilitation but had greater relative improvement in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level (p < 0.05) and low-density lipoprotein/high-density lipoprotein ratio (p < 0.05) than did patients with low baseline exercise capacity. These data demonstrate the benefits of cardiac rehabilitation and exercise training in patients with preserved exercise capacity and support routine referral of these patients to these programs after major cardiac events.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

A modified DBT skills training program for oppositional defiant adolescents: promising preliminary findings.

A modified skills training component of dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) was implemented in a group therapy format for non-suicidal outpatient young adolescents who met criteria for oppositional defiant disorder (ODD). Thirty-two youths completed the 16-week program, as well as pre- and post-treatment measures. The treatment was effective not only in decreasing negative behaviors, but also in increasing positive behaviors, per caregiver report. The youths reported a significant reduction in externalizing and internalizing symptoms and in depression. Reliable change indices indicated that far more participants were in the improved category than in the deteriorated category on the measures of interest. Despite the absence of control groups but consistent with the treatment outcome research literature for DBT-based treatments for other disorders, this study demonstrated that DBT skills training is feasible and shows promise in improving the behavior of ODD young adolescents.

Adolescent↗