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At least 1,063 records · Page 59Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Pentavalent [99mTc]DMSA, [131I]MIBG, and [99mTc]MDP--an evaluation of three imaging techniques in patients with medullary carcinoma of the thyroid.

Nine patients with histologically proven medullary carcinoma of the thyroid (MCT) were imaged using pentavalent [99mTc]dimercaptosuccinic acid [(V)DMSA], [131I] metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) and [99mTc]methylene diphosphonate (MDP). Technetium-99m (V)DMSA demonstrated most of the tumor sites in eight patients with proven metastases, with an overall sensitivity of 95% in lesion detection. Iodine-131 MIBG showed definite uptake in some of the tumor sites in three of the nine patients imaged, with equivocal uptake seen in a further one patient, with sensitivity of only 11% for lesion detection. Technetium-99m MDP demonstrated bony metastases only, in four of the patients imaged yielding a sensitivity of 61%. Technetium-99m (V)DMSA has been demonstrated in this study to be a useful imaging agent in patients with MCT, showing uptake in significantly more lesions and with better imaging qualities than [131I]MIBG, and with the ability to detect soft tissue as well as bony metastases.

3-Iodobenzylguanidine↗
PubMed1987

Tissue decorporation of polonium-210 in rats by DMPA.

Polonium-210 exposures, although rare, have occurred due to accidents in nuclear working environments. This alpha emitting radioactive element can bind thiols and thiol-containing proteins in vivo. Since thiol-containing chelating agents compete with many thiols for heavy metals, a number of these chelating agents have been investigated as protective agents against the lethal effects of 210Po and as tissue decorporating agents for it. Rats given 210Po (40 microCi/kg) ip had a median survival time (mst) of 39 days. The mst was increased to 106 days when N-(2,3-dimercaptopropyl)phthalamidic acid (DMPA), meso-dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) or the Na salt of 2,3-dimercapto-1-propanesulfonic acid (DMPS) was administered sc (p less than .002). Decorporation studies were performed by giving rats 210Po (0.4 microCi) sc, followed by a series of thiol injections beginning one hour later. After 21 days, kidney levels of 210Po in rats given DMPA were only 28% of those of the untreated controls and significantly lower than those receiving DMSA, DMPS, N-acetyl-L-cysteine, or WR2721. After DMPA treatment, the 210Po levels of the spleen were 25% of the saline-treated control. DMPA appears to be a new and consistent decorporating agent for polonium-210.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

[99mTc-DMSA renal uptake in urological diseases measured from renal tomographic images using single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)].

To determine renal function, 99mTc-DMSA renal uptake was measured from renal tomographic images obtained by single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). A total of 77 tests was conducted on 73 patients with various diseases in the kidneys and urinary tract to determine renal uptake. The correlation coefficient(r) between total renal volume and total renal uptake was 0.3509 and that between renal volume and uptake of 143 kidneys was 0.5433. In 62 patients whose creatinine clearance could be measured, the correlation coefficient between creatinine clearance and total renal volume was 0.2352, and that between creatinine clearance and total renal uptake was 0.8854, that is, creatinine clearance correlated well with renal uptake. Renal volume and uptake determined in 10 normal male and 10 normal female adults were 220 ml and 26.8% for the right kidney and 239 ml and 27.6% for the left kidney for the males and 206 ml and 26.4% (right) and 237 ml and 27.9% (left) for the females. This method, which requires no blood or urine collection, is very useful as an individual kidney function test to evaluate individual kidney function and to understand kidney function before and after operation in patients with renal and urinary diseases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

[Assessment of obstructive nephropathy using diuretic 99mTc-DTPA renogram and 99mTc-DMSA renoscintigraphy].

99mTc-DMSA and diuretic 99mTc-DTPA renoscintigraphy were performed on 51 kidneys suspected of obstructive nephropathy based on excretory urography to evaluate the residual renal function and the degree of urinary flow impairment respectively. We classified the response to diuretics into 6 patterns: I. normal, IIa. severely damaged renal function, IIb. slow RI excretion without urinary tract visualization (pattern II had no response to furosemide), IIIa. rapid elimination of tracer from the obstructed upper tract, IIIb. slow elimination, and IV. gradual tracer accumulation in the pelvicalyceal system with fairly well preserved renal function but no response. Hydronephrosis varied according to pattern type, in the ascending order of I, IIIa, IIIb and IV (p less than 0.05). Degree of hydronephrosis was inversely related to 99mTc-DMSA uptake, but without statistical significance. 99mTc-DMSA uptake was lower for pattern III as a whole (IIIa + (IIIb) than for pattern I (p less than 0.005), but there was no difference between IIIa and IIIb. Pattern IIa exhibited a significantly lower uptake than any of the other groups. (p less than 0.005) In contrast to previous views, we believe that pattern IIIa indicates a mild obstruction of urinary flow and impaired renal function. Consequently, assessment of obstructive nephropathy should not be based only on urodynamic study but also on differential renal function test.

Humans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Validity of renal split function by single probe renography in hypertensive patients. A comparison with gamma camera scintigraphy.

Single kidney function was determined both by single probe renography (131I hippuran) and gamma camera scintigraphy (99Tcm DMSA) in the sitting position in 42 consecutive patients who were referred to renography as a part of the workup of their hypertension. The positioning of the detectors turned out to be satisfactory in 83 per cent of the patients when compared with the determination of the split function at scintigraphy. This might be explained by the small 100 per cent isocount area of the probe (avoiding the effect of mobile kidneys) and by the 4-channel localization system.

Humans↗
PubMed1988

[Enhancement of the information value of kidney scintigraphy using 99m Tc-DMSA].

A method of high frequency image filtration improving the quality of imaging, and more precise renometry with measurement of the total count and the level of RP kidney accumulation were used for raising the informative value of the results of renal scintigraphy with 99m Tc-DMSA. 54 patients with unilateral pyelonephritis, 46--with bilateral pyelonephritis, 15--with nephroptosis, and 10 healthy persons were examined. Informative values were calculated on the basis of the results of these investigations. The sensitivity of routine renometry was 0.88, its specificity--0.27 and precision--0.78; the same indices for routine static scintigraphy were 0.88; 0.4 and 0.84; for modified renal investigations--0.98; 0.77 and 0.96, respectively. The results of the investigations have shown that the use of scintigraphy with improved quality of kidney images in parallel with modified renometry raises the informative value of renal studies with 99m Tc-DMSA and precision of diagnosis of renal parenchymal lesions.

Algorithms↗
PubMed1988

Clinical evaluation of tumour imaging using 99Tc(V)m dimercaptosuccinic acid, a new tumour-seeking agent.

Considering the favourable nuclear properties of 99Tcm over 67Ga, we have developed a new tumour-seeking agent, 99Tc(V)m dimercaptosuccinic acid (Tc(V)-DMSA). In order to evaluate the clinical usefulness of Tc(V)-DMSA scintigraphies, 492 patients were studied with Tc(V)-DMSA, and in some cases, where possible, the results were compared with conventional 67Ga citrate scintigraphies. There was a high degree of usefulness of Tc(V)-DMSA in patients with head and neck tumours, medullary thyroid carcinomas and soft tissue tumours. But in patients with carcinomas of the lung, liver and gastrointestinal tract, malignant melanoma and lymphoma, Tc(V)-DMSA was of no or little use.

Drug Evaluation↗
PubMed1988

[Quantitative renal scintigraphy with technetium-labelled dimercaptosuccinic acid in children].

Separate measurement of renal function is essential in children with urinary tract disease. This can be done satisfactorily by means of kidney scintigraphy with technetium 99m-labelled dimercaptosuccinic acid. A retrospective study of the records of 415 children, which comprised renal function tests, radiology and scintigraphy, confirmed the value of the radioisotope technique. Graphs of height, kidney uptake and kidney uptake density in relation to age were established, showing highly significant correlations with renal function tests and intravenous urography results, but many dissociations were encountered. Separate renal function evaluation by radioisotope scintigraphy seems to be more reliable than evaluation extrapolated from measurement of the cortical areas at intravenous urography. In vesico-ureteral reflux scintigraphy makes it possible to detect reflux nephropathy at an earlier stage than with other methods.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1988

Mobilization of lead over the course of DMSA chelation therapy and long-term efficacy.

An increasing number of factors suggest that a reevaluation of the current use of CaNa2EDTA for elevated Pb body burden is advisable and, further, emphasize the need for alternative safe and efficacious chelating agents. One candidate that appears to have potential is meso-2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA). However, little is known about the pattern of Pb mobilization or redistribution produced by this chelator or about its long-term efficacy, issues that were examined in this study. After a 3- to 4-month exposure to 50 ppm of Pb acetate in drinking water, different groups of rats received an i.p. injection of saline or 25 or 50 mg/kg of DMSA once a day for either 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 days and were sacrificed 24 hr after the final injection. To assess long-term efficacy of the chelator, an additional group of rats received five injections (one per day) of 50 mg/kg of DMSA and were sacrificed 4 months later. Tissue analyses indicated that DMSA mobilized Pb only from soft tissue, with no loss noted from femur and consequently no observable redistribution of Pb. Large decrements in blood, brain and kidney Pb concentrations were noted, with a delayed loss from liver. The effects were not sustained, however, when assessed 4 months later. With respect to redistribution of mobilized Pb to critical organs and magnitude of decline in soft tissue Pb concentration, DMSA appears to be a safe and particularly effective chelator and thus may be a viable alternative to CaNa2EDTA.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Analysis of Variance↗