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At least 1,063 records · Page 59Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

[Evaluation of lymphocyte transformation test: relationship between nucleus and cell sizes of PHA-stimulated lymphocyes (author's transl)].

A methodological comparision of evaluation of lymphocyte transformation test is described. Three experts examined smear-slides of cells from five lymphocyte cultures and the corresponding controls in a blind study. In the morphological differentiation of 100 cells per slide in comparison to 1 000 cells per slide it was found a good intraindividually but a unsatisfactory interindividually correlation. 1 000 cells from stimulated and non-stimulated cultures shows the greatest difference for the parameter "total cell size" and the lowest difference for the "nucleus plasma relation" by the planimetrically imeasurement.

Cell Nucleus↗
PubMed2006

[RANTES expression in nasal polyps fibroblasts; spontaneously and after stimulation with lipopolisaccharides (LPS) and phytohemagglutinin (PHA)].

INTRODUCTION: According to the results of research carried out by a number of authors, one of the main mechanisms of the generation of polyps is local inflammatory processes accompanied by immune system disorders. It has recently been shown that a number of differentiation factors and inflammatory mediators may be involved in the growth of nasal polyps. RANTES is a eosinophil chemoattractant factor likely could play an important role in a chronic inflammatory response in the nasal tissue that subsequently leads to the development of nasal polyps. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was detection of the chemokine RANTES in nasal polyps fibroblasts and researching influence of stimulation with lipopolisaccharides and phytohemagglutinin for RANTES expression in cultured nasal fibroblasts in vitro. METHODS: Nasal polyps were obtained from 17 subjects (9 atopic and 8 nonatopic) during polypectomy. RANTES was measured by immunofluorescence method. RESULTS: Intensive granular luminescence was observed in all cytoplasm of cells with the exception of nucleus. Immunoreactive RANTES was found to be present in 70% of cells. We not find increase percentage of positive RANTES fibroblasts after stimulation with lipopolisaccharides and phytohemagglutinin. RANTES expression was similar in the both: atopic and nonatopic polyps. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates that cultured fibroblasts derived from both atopic and nonatopic patients release RANTES spontaneously and after stimulation with lipopolisaccharides and phytohemagglutinin. This observation and the finding that RANTES is present in nasal polyps fibroblasts suggest that this chemokine may be an important mediator of eosinophil in both atopic and nonatopic nasal polyposis. More research needs to expand on chemotactic factors such as RANTES and their interplay with other local cytokines.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Distributions of spinothalamic, spinohypothalamic, and spinotelencephalic fibers revealed by anterograde transport of PHA-L in rats.

Fibers projecting from several levels of the spinal cord to the diencephalon and telencephalon were labeled anterogradely with Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin injected iontophoretically. Labeled fibers in the thalamus confirmed projections previously observed. In addition, many labeled fibers were seen in the hypothalamus and in telencephalic areas not generally recognized previously as receiving such projections. In the hypothalamus, these areas included the lateral hypothalamus (including the medial forebrain bundle), the posterior hypothalamic area, the dorsal hypothalamic area, the dorsomedial nucleus, the paraventricular nucleus, the periventricular area, the suprachiasmatic nucleus, and the lateral and medial preoptic areas. In the telencephalon, areas with labeled fibers included the ventral pallidum, the globus pallidus, the substantia innominata, the basal nucleus of Meynert, the amygdala (central nucleus), the horizontal and vertical limbs of the diagonal band of Broca, the medial and lateral septal nuclei, the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, the nucleus accumbens, infralimbic cortex, and medial orbital cortex. These results suggest that somatosensory, possibly including visceral sensory, information is carried directly from the spinal cord to areas in the brain involved in autonomic regulation, motivation, emotion, attention, arousal, learning, memory, and sensory-motor integration. Many of these areas are associated with the limbic system.

Afferent Pathways↗
PubMed1990

Characteristics of PHA-L4, the mitogenic isolectin of phytohemagglutinin, as an ideal biologic response modifier.

Phytohemagglutinin retains the properties of a theoretically ideal biologic response modifier in that it is available in a purely mitogenic L4 isolectin form that is stable; previously studied extensively; applicable as a simple skin test to assess immune competence and guide therapy; broadly immunostimulating with respect to both activation and proliferation of effector cell pathways; amenable to targeting maneuvers; stimulative of endogenous cytokine production; conveniently administrable by multiple routes; applicable to both active and adoptive immunotherapies; rapidly interacting irreversibly with lymphocytes; readily applied as a vaccine adjuvant; apparently nonsensitizing; relatively nontoxic, with maximum effective levels well below those for major toxicity; free from stress induction; nononcogenic; noninfectious; related to other mitogenic lectins that have augmenting therapeutic potential; compatible with other therapeutic modalities and conductive to collaborative use of other BRMs; well-suited to application as a surgical adjuvant and for prophylaxis against malignancies or infections in susceptible individuals; applicative to debilitated, immunosuppressed, and myelosuppressed patients; probably compatible with pregnancy; and potentially cost-effective.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗