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At least 1,063 records · Page 59Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Induction of labor with intravenous oxytocin or vaginal PGE2 suppositories. A randomized study.

Thirty-eight term pregnant women with a moderately unfavorable cervix (cervical score 4-5 p.) were randomly given intravenous oxytocin (Group A) or 3 mg PGE2 as a vaginal suppository (Group B) for labor induction. Eight out of 19 in Group A and 17 out of 19 in Group B gave birth vaginally within 24 h. The remaining 11 women in Group A had still an unfavorable cervix after 24 h. They were then given 3 mg PGE2 as a vaginal suppository and all but one had given birth vaginally without complications within 24 h. In Group B only 2 were still undelivered after 24 h. Both had a favorable cervix and were delivered vaginally within 12 h after intravenous infusion of oxytocin. The number of instrumental deliveries in Group A was one cesarean section and two vacuum extractions and in Group B three vacuum extractions. One woman in Group B reported nausea and vomiting and in one had strong uterine contractions in the second stage of labor. Otherwise no side effects were registered. All babies were born in good condition with Apgar scores greater than or equal to 7. In conclusion, vaginal application of 3 mg PGE2 as a suppository seems to be more effective than intravenous infusion of oxytocin for labor induction in women with half-ripened cervices, i.e. cervical scores of 4-5 p.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

New disposable vaginal device (continence guard) in the treatment of female stress incontinence. Design, efficacy and short term safety.

BACKGROUND: To develop a new disposable vaginal device for use during the daytime, and test its efficacy and short-term safety in the treatment of stress incontinence. METHODS: The intravaginal support device was designed from polyurethane, a foam product with documented high tissue compatibility. It was tested in 26 women with the symptom of stress incontinence. Before and after one month's use of the device, a 24-hour home pad weighing test, uroflowmetry, postvoid residual urine and a 3-days voiding diary were made. A questionnaire about the subjective effect and adverse events was filled in. In vitro and in vivo microbiology testing were performed. RESULTS: Four women discontinued the treatment because of discomfort or difficulties in using the device. Out of 22 women who completed the study nine (41%) were subjectively cured of incontinence, ten (45%) improved while three (14%) claimed unchanged incontinence. With the device in place all had decreased leakage at the 24-hour pad weighing test and unchanged urodynamic tests. The subjective complaints were few, and no vaginal or urinary infections were found. All women whose condition both subjectively and objectively improved, (19/22) wanted to continue treatment with the device. CONCLUSIONS: The new disposable vaginal device is effective in alleviating the symptoms of stress incontinence. It is well accepted and safe.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Vaginal mucosa serves as an inductive site for tolerance.

These data demonstrate that tolerance can be induced by vaginal Ag exposure. In these experiments, mice were given vaginal agarose gel suppositories containing either 5 mg OVA or saline for 6 h. Mice were given suppositories either during the estrous (estrogen dominant) or diestrous (progesterone dominant) stage of the estrous cycle. Mice were restrained during the inoculation period to prevent orovaginal transmission of the Ag. After 1 wk, mice were immunized s. c. with OVA in CFA. After 3 wk, mice were tested for delayed-type hypersensitivity responses by measuring footpad swelling and measuring in vitro proliferation of lymphocytes to Ag. Using ELISA, the magnitude of the serum Ab response was also measured. In some mice, FITC conjugated to OVA was used to track the dissemination of the protein into the systemic tissues. The magnitude of footpad swelling was significantly reduced in mice receiving OVA-containing suppositories during estrus compared with mice receiving saline suppositories. Concomitant decreases in the Ag-specific proliferative response were also observed in lymph node lymphocytes and splenocytes. Conversely, mice inoculated during diestrus did not show a decreased response to Ag by either footpad response or in vitro proliferation. Serum Ab titers in the estrus-inoculated mice did not decrease significantly. These data demonstrate that the reproductive tract can be an inductive site for mucosally induced tolerance. However, unlike other mucosal sites such as the lung and gastrointestinal tract, reproductive tract tolerance induction is hormonally regulated.

Administration, Intravaginal↗
PubMed1998

Induction of labour: new horizons.

Induction of labour may be indicated in the maternal or the fetal interest, and is more likely to be successful if physiological mechanisms are replicated. Induction of labour in the presence of an unfavourable cervix presents the greatest challenge and pharmacological techniques must encourage cervical ripening if we are to advance our management of this common obstetric intervention.

Abortifacient Agents↗
PubMed1999

The bacteriological changes after re-using a vaginal continence guard.

BACKGROUND: Involuntary loss of urine is a major health care problem, especially in women. The Conveen Continence Guard is a non-surgical treatment of stress incontinence. A possible risk of vaginal devices is introduction of changes in bacteriological flora of the vagina, especially after re-use of the guard. Moreover, vaginal devices can induce magnesium ion deficiency and thereby facilitate growth of Staphylococcus Aureus. This can lead to the production of toxin-1, eventually resulting in toxic shock syndrome. METHODS: The first aim of this study was to investigate the capacity to absorp magnesium ions in an in-vitro study. Secondly, 14 patients with stress incontinence were examined for bacteriological changes in the vagina after re-using the continence guard for four days. After completing this study the patients were asked whether re-using the continence guard was as convenient as single use. RESULTS: The continence guard had no absorption capacity for magnesium ions. The vaginal bacteriological changes after re-use showed in 11% changes in bacterial growth and in 20% increased bacterial growth. Only one patient developed a vaginal colonization with Staphylococcus Aureus but had no symptoms of disease. The continence guard showed itself to be less effective in preventing stress incontinence after re-use. CONCLUSIONS: Although re-use of the continence guard is feasable from a bacteriological point of view, re-use renders the device less effective.

Absorption↗
PubMed1999

[The treatment of benign processes of the cervix uteri associated with papillomavirus infection in women who have not given birth].

A method is suggested for treatment of benign processes of uterine cervix, associated with papillomavirus infection, in nonparous women. The method consists in applying glycerin to the mucous membrane of the vulva and vagina for 10 to 12 days before local application of 5-fluorouracilum, and use of vaginal suppositories plus interferon alpha-2 beta following the course of treatment with cytostatics. The proposed treatment modality proved to be highly effective for the above conditions.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The use of the biotherapeutic agent Zhlemik for correcting the microflora in bacterial vaginosis].

The vaginal microflora in 11 women suffering with bacterial vaginosis was corrected by BTA "Zlemik" contained highly adhesive strain Lactobacillus. BTA was administered intravaginal in dose 1 suppositoria at night during 15 days. It was established in majority cases that clinical symptoms and discharges have disappeared. The value of pH has decreased from 5.6-6.2 to 4.6-4.8. After biotherapeutic therapy significantly increased of the levels of Lactobacillus and percentage of the presence Bifidobacterium. The number of non-spore-forming obligatory anaerobic bacteria, Streptococcus and Gardnerella decreased in 10 and 100 times respectively.

Bacteriocins↗
PubMed1975

The incidence of pathogenic yeasts among open-heart surgery patients-the value of prophylaxis.

The normal levels of commensal yeasts in patients undergoing open-heart surgery are established and the effect of antifungal prophylaxis is assessed. Mouth swabs and feces were taken for culture from patients on admission to hospital and 1,2, and 3 weeks postoperatively. Eighty-seven patients who received normal treatment and 50 patients who were given oral and topical antifungal prophylaxis commencing 12 days before hospitalization were studied. Yeast pathogens, mainly Candida albicans, were isolated from 42 (48.3 per cent) of the normal group on admission. There was a marked increase in the incidence and quantities of yeasts isolated from patients in the immediate postoperative period. The incidence and levels of yeasts in patients receiving antifungal prophylaxis was considerably reduced both on admission and postoperatively. The risk of Candida sepsis in open-heart surgery patients with high levels of commensal yeasts is discussed and the possibility of routine antifungal prophylaxis raised.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed2001

The effects of severe cystocele on urogynecologic symptoms and findings.

BACKGROUND: To evaluate the effects of severe cystocele on lower urinary tract function. METHODS: Urogynecologic evaluation composed of patient questionnaire, urinary diary, pad test, Q-tip test, perineal ultrasonography and cystometry was performed on 60 patients with reducible grade III or IV cystocele before and after reduction of the prolapsed organs. The data were analyzed by Paired-t and Chi-square tests and Pearson's correlation analysis. RESULTS: One-hour pad test revealed that 17 (28.3%) of the 60 patients with reducible severe cystocele had no demonstrable urinary incontinence, while 26 (43.3%) had mild and 17 (28.3%) had moderate or severe incontinence. However, all patients had moderate or severe incontinence after reduction with vaginal packing (p<0.001). The vaginal packing had no significant effect on the maximum bladder capacity, the intravesical pressure at maximum capacity and the frequency of detrusor instability (33.3%). Whereas, urine loss after 1-hour pad test, bladder neck mobility, straining Q-tip angle and PUVA increased significantly after reduction of the cystocele (p<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: As grade III or IV cystocele may mask the presence and severity of urinary stress incontinence, preoperative urogynecological evaluation should be done after reduction of the cystocele.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Effect of vaginal devices on bladder neck mobility in stress incontinent women.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate how vaginal continence products affect the bladder neck mobility and ability to contract the pelvic floor muscles. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Fifteen stress incontinent women with leakage >8 g/24 hours were assessed by a questionnaire, 24 hours pad test and vaginal ultrasonography of bladder neck position and mobility. The patients were examined without any device, with a commercially available device (Conveen Continence Guard, CCG, Coloplast A/S) and two new shaped test models (TM I/II). Bladder neck position was measured in relation to the midline of the pubic symphysis at rest, Valsalva and squeezing. RESULTS: About two-thirds of the women became subjectively continent with the device. The mean leakage per 24 hours was reduced 87% (61-96%) with a vaginal device. No difference was found between the effect of old and new product. Evaluated by ultrasonography, the devices worked by supporting the bladder neck and reduced the mobility from 34 degrees to 18 degrees with CCG and to 15 degrees with TM. Neither CCG nor TM had any adverse effect on the ability to elevate the bladder neck during squeezing. CONCLUSIONS: Vaginal devices are effective in alleviating stress incontinence and work by supporting a hypermobile bladder neck. The devices had no negative effect on the ability to contract the pelvic floor muscles. Ultrasonography is a fast and low invasive method to study effect of vaginal devices both in the individual patient and for testing new products.

Adult↗