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PubMedDate not supplied

Person-to-person transfer of Candida albicans in the spacecraft environment.

We assessed the exchange of Candida albicans among crew members during 10 Space Shuttle missions. Throat, nasal, urine and faecal specimens were collected from 61 crew members twice before and once after space flights ranging from 7 to 10 days in duration; crews consisted of groups of five, six or seven men and women. Candida albicans was isolated at least once from 20 of the 61 subjects (33%). Candida strains were identified by restriction-fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) after digestion by the endonucleases EcoRI and HinfI; further discrimination was gained by Southern blot hybridization with the C. albicans repeat fragment 27A. Eighteen of the 20 Candida-positive crew members carried different strains of C. albicans in the specimens collected. Possible transfer of C. albicans between members of the same crew was demonstrated only once in the 10 missions studied. We conclude that the transfer of C. albicans among crew members during Space Shuttle flights is less frequent than had been predicted from earlier reports.

Candida albicans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Personal, home and community safety promotion with community-dwelling elderly persons: response to a public health nurse intervention.

Public health clients aged 65 years and older were randomly allocated to receive an intervention by a public health nurse during a home visit, promoting either safety behaviours or influenza immunization. Sixty-eight clients reported making a total of 103 safety changes, with almost equal proportions making changes in the safety and influenza groups (21.9% vs. 18.3%). A higher percentage of males (25.0%) than females (17.3%) reported making safety changes following the intervention. Further research should focus on the effectiveness of safety promotion strategies which are expanded to include seniors participation, policy development and community planning and design.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1994

[Edematous benign polyarthritis in elderly persons (RS3PE syndrome). Apropos of 11 personal cases].

Edematous benign polyarthritis of the elderly (syndrome of remitting seronegative synovitis with pitting edema) affects Caucasians aged over 60, predominantly males. The symptoms involve constant edema of the hands and often of the feet, with pain and muscular weakness. These symmetric edemas are accompanied by arthritis of the extremities and the large joints. The onset of the syndrome is acute, ranging from some days to a few weeks, characterized by inflammation but no rheumatoid factor. Treatment is similar to that of the classic form of rheumatoid arthritis. The evolution, however, is always favorable within a year, without subsequent sequelae. The etiology remains undetermined.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

High prevalence of Helicobacter pylori antibodies in an institutionalized population: evidence for person-to-person transmission.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the prevalence of H. pylori antibodies in mentally and physically handicapped adults living together in a long-term care facility. METHODS: One hundred twenty-two institutionalized subjects from six living areas were compared to a normal representative Caucasian population obtained by random sampling from the urban population area of Melbourne. Serum samples from 1977 and 1989 from 122 subjects were tested for H. pylori antibody by an ELISA technique. The data were analyzed by Student's t test, chi 2 test and logistic regression. RESULTS: Ninety-two of the 122 subjects (75%) from whom sera was collected in 1989 were seropositive for H. pylori, compared with only 23% in age- and sex-matched control subjects (p < 0.0001). The prevalence of H. pylori antibodies in 1977 was 34% (42/122). Of the remaining 80 seronegative subjects, 51 (61.4%) converted to became positive in the 12-yr interval. The annual seroconversion rate was 7.4%, with an average of 4.25 newly positive subjects each year. The prevalence of H. pylori in 1989 was significantly higher than in 1977 after adjustment for age (odds ratio 2.39, 95% CI 1.1-5.3, p = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS: H. pylori antibodies are significantly more prevalent in institutionalized adults compared with controls from the general population. These data support the hypothesis that H. pylori is acquired by either fecal-oral or oral-oral transmission.

Adult↗