Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Mars”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 1,063 records · Page 59Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Ecologic aspects of tegumentary American leishmaniasis. 7. Phlebotomus vectorial capacity in the primitive forest environment of the Serra do Mar system, Vale do Ribeira region, State of São Paulo, Brazil].

A total of 5,038 specimens, belonging to nineteen species, were obtained during the three consecutive years of phlebotomine catches in forest and peridomiciliary environments of the Itapoan farm. Proportionally, the CDC light trap contributed with 92.2% in the forest and 0.7% in the peridomicile sites while the human bait corresponded to 7.0% in the forest. Generally speaking the outcome of the technique utilized was rather low or presented reduced geometrical averages. The most common species in the area was P. ayrozai, almost always predominant; however, the results with human bait prevent one's ascribing a high degree of anthropophilic properties to it. The implication of the reduced presence of L. intermedia, L. migonei and L. fischeri, even with human bait, is that the conditions for the transmission of the disease to man in the forest environment are inexistent. Consequently, this could indicate that the vectorial function would be performed by a population which has survived the period of devastation. For this reason a new epidemiological pattern, connected with a focus, of L.b. braziliensis seems to exist in Brazil.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

[Malaria acquired during entomological research in the Serra do Mar, southeastern region of Brazil].

A focus of malaria was discovered at the beginning of 1993, in the Coastal Range State Park, in the Atlantic Forest area of the State of S. Paulo, Brazil. The entomological research carried out there caused malaria infection by Plasmodium vivax in three workers of the Endemic Research Control Superintendancy (Superintendência de Controle de Endemias - SUCEN), of the State Health Secretariat. It is worth emphasizing that transmission occurred in an area which had been presenting low levels of incidence of the disease; also, the capturers who were undertaking their entomological activities in the area were exposed for an extremely short period of time in one case for only three hours.

Brazil↗
PubMed1996

[Ecology of sandflies in Serra do Mar, Itaguaí, state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. I - Sandfly fauna and prevalence of the species in collections sites and method of capture]

A two-year investigation was conducted in Itaguai, State of Rio de Janeiro, an area with cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis, in order to study the ecology of sandflies and their habits and role as parasitic vector for men and animals. Capturing took place at three sites: domiciliary (human bait, walls, and light traps); peridomiciliary (walls, from baits used simultaneously: humans, dogs, and chickens; and light traps); and sylvatic (human bait and light traps). A total of 10,172 sandflies were captured, belonging to 17 species of genuses Brumptomyia França & Parrot, 1921 and Lutzomyia França, 1924. L. intermedia was predominant, 100 m above sea level, as compared to L. migonei and L. fischeri. In a drier area 300 m above sea level L. migonei was prevalent, followed by L. longipalpis and L. fischeri. The species which presented the greatest endophily was L. fischeri, showing a certain degree of eclecticism regarding the biting site. L. intermedia and L. migonei proved to be more exophilic. L. intermedia was considered to be potentially the main transmitter of the disease because of its prevalence, anthropophily, and the fact it is known to be a vector of Leishmania (V.) braziliensis in other areas of the Southeastern region of Brazil. L. fischeri, because of its anthropophily, might also be involved.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2006

A tribute to Dr. Robert C. Allen, an inspirational teacher, humanitarian, and friend (Nov. 18, 1950-Mar. 24, 2005).

Dr. Robert C. Allen was a gifted educator, as well as experienced ophthalmologist, who was a close personal friend of Dr. Edlich at the University of Virginia Health System. While serving on the faculty at the University of Virginia Health System, Dr. Allen proved to be a compassionate physician, who developed close personal relationships with the residents, faculty, and his patients. Dr. Allen was invited by Dr Edlich to be a member of the Editorial Board of the Journal of Long-Term Effects of Medical Implants. When Dr. Allen told Dr. Edlich that he had ocular melanoma in 2000, this news was a wake-up call to Dr. Edlich on the need to prevent skin cancer, as well as ocular melanoma. Empowered by this news, Dr. Edlich was honored to co-author four articles on skin cancer prevention, as well as the latest article focusing on prevention of ocular melanoma. The Ocular Melanoma Foundation (Richmond, VA (USA)) was founded in 2003 by Dr. Robert C. Allen to increase awareness, enhance education, and provide advocacy among both patients and health care professionals regarding this rare, but potentially lethal cancer. It has a website that provides patient information, up-to-date information and enables communication/ discourse between and among patients and practitioners (admin@ocularmelanoma.org). Dr. Allen died on March 24, 2005, at his home surrounded by family and loved ones. When surgeons are faced with challenging healthcare diseases, Dr. Edlich's mentor, Dr. Owen Wangensteen, advised Dr. Edlich that he should seek the advice and guidance of skilled basic scientists, who are familiar with the problem. Dr. Wangensteen is recognized as the greatest surgical teacher during the 20th century. Consequently, Dr. Edlich enlisted the advice and guidance from the two co-authors of the next article regarding the scientific basis for the selection of sunglasses to prevent the development of cataracts, pterygia, skin cancer, as well as ocular melanoma. Dr. Reichow is a Professor of Optometry at Pacific University College of Optometry (Forest Grove, OR (USA)). Dr. Citek is Associate Professor of Optometry at Pacific University College of Optometry (Forest Grove (USA)). In their comprehensive evaluation of sunglasses, they found some disturbing results. Despite being endorsed by The Skin Cancer Foundation, the Walgreens eyewear samples offer only partial protection to the potential hazards of sunlight exposure. Those individuals who spend considerable time outdoors should seek sun filter eyewear with impact resistant polycarbonate lenses that provide 100% ultraviolet filtration, high levels of blue light filtration, and full visual field lens/frame coverage as provided by high wrap eyewear. There are several brands that offer products with such protective characteristics. Performance sun eyewear by Nike Vision (Nike Inc., Portland OR [USA]), available in both corrective and plano (nonprescription) forms, is one such brand incorporating these protective features, as well as patented optical and tint designs. Numerous Nike styles offer interchangeable lens options to meet the changing environmental conditions encountered outdoors. These technologies are incorporated into performance-driven frame designs inspired by feedback from some of the world's best athletes. Nonprescription Nike eyewear are available on-line at http://www.nike.com/nikevision, as well as at various well-known retail outlets. Nonprescription and prescription Nike eyewear are also available at the offices of many eye care professionals. Even though our latest report did not include soft contact lens, it is important to emphasize that Dr. Reichow and Dr. Citek have played a leadership role in coordinating the development of the Nike MAXSIGHT, an innovative fully tinted soft contact lens. This contact lens provides distortion-free optics, whether or not you wear prescription contacts. They filter out more than 90% of harmful blue light and 95% of UVA and UVB. For the contact lens, you should go to the website for more information http://www.nike.com/nikevision/content.html. The website has a list of practitioners who can service the patients with the respective sunglasses. With their exciting technologic advances in sunglass products, as well as tinted soft contact lens, the authors would encourage Nike Vision to develop an expanded international marketing program that allows all individuals in the world to easily purchase its products.

Eye Neoplasms↗
PubMed2006

Substrate uptake by Gordonia amarae in activated sludge foams by FISH-MAR.

Gordonia amarae is a right-angled branching filament belonging to the mycolic acid-containing Actinobacteria which is commonly found in many foaming activated sludge wastewater treatment plants. Although studies on different substrates as sole carbon sources by pure cultures of G. amarae have been carried out, none have examined substrate uptake by this organism in situ. Uptake of several hydrophilic and hydrophobic substrates by G. amarae was evaluated in situ using a combination of fluorescence in situ hybridization and microautoradiography. G. amarae could assimilate a range of both hydrophilic and hydrophobic substrates. From the data, G. amarae appears to be physiologically active under aerobic, anaerobic and anoxic condition (NO2 and NO3) for some substrates. This might explain why attempts to control foaming caused by G. amarae using anoxic and anaerobic selectors have been unsuccessful. This study emphasizes that bacteria can behave differently in situ to pure cultures and that it is important to evaluate the in situ physiology of these bacteria if we are to better understand their role in the wastewater treatment process.

Autoradiography↗
PubMed1997

Self-help/mutual aid organizations: the view from Mars.

The disparity between the importance of addiction-related self-help organizations and the amount of attention they receive is discussed. Greater resources should be directed toward researching the effects of self-help/mutual aid organizations on members, professional human services, and the general public.

Humans↗
PubMed1975

Ecology of California encephalitis viruses on the Del Mar Va Peninsula. II. Demonstration of transovarial transmission.

The high rate of Keystone virus recovery from Aedes atlanticus collected in 1971 and 1972 suggested that these mosquitoes might be emerging infected. To demonstrate the suspected transovarial transmission of this virus, developmental stages of A. atlanticus were collected from the field. Larvae were identified and pooled for virus isolation in suckling mice. Pupae were allowed to emerge in the laboratory, then were segregated by sex and pooled for virus isolation. Keystone virus was recovered from larvae, reared males and reared females, demonstrating transovarial transmission of the Keystone strain of California encephalitis by A. atlanticus.

Aedes↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Interns are from Venus, consultants are from Mars: differential perception among clinicians.

OBJECTIVE: To test for the presence of sex-based differences in perception (the notion that men and women "think" differently, and that differences in perception are biologically based) among healthcare professionals. DESIGN: Prospective survey. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: 90 medical personnel at a tertiary care hospital in Newcastle, NSW. INTERVENTION: Healthcare professionals were shown two pictures that could be interpreted as depicting either a young or an old person, and a word that could be seen as geometric shapes. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The effects of sex, age, seniority, and specialisation in relation to the first impression of the image, the ability to change one's perception, and the speed of perception. RESULTS: Contrary to popular opinion, male physicians were more likely to perceive the older figures, and just as likely as women to be able to change their perception. Surgeons and junior staff were more likely to see, as well as being faster to form, an impression requiring abstract thought, and were more able to change their perceptions. CONCLUSIONS: Traditional sex stereotypes do not apply to medical personnel, but other age-based stereotypes, and professional rivalries (medical versus surgical) may have some empiric basis.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Clinicians are from Mars and pathologists are from Venus.

CONTEXT: Text reports convey critical medical information from pathologists, radiologists, and subspecialty consultants. These reports must be clear and comprehensible to avoid medical errors. Pathologists have paid much attention to report completeness but have ignored the corresponding issue of report comprehension. This situation presents an increasingly serious potential problem. As laboratories are consolidated and as reports are disseminated in new ways (eg, via the World Wide Web), the target audience becomes more diverse and less likely to have any contact with pathologists beyond the written reports themselves. OBJECTIVE: To compare clinician comprehension with pathologist intent in written pathology reports. METHODS: Typical surgical pathology reports relevant to surgeons and covering a range of specimen complexity were taken from our hospital files. Questionnaires based on these cases were administered open-book-examination style to surgical attending physicians and trainees during surgical conferences at an academic medical center. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Scores from questionnaires. RESULTS: Surgeons misunderstood pathologists' reports 30% of the time. Surgical experience reduced but did not eliminate the problem. Streamlined report formatting exacerbated the problem. CONCLUSIONS: A communication gap exists between pathologists and surgeons. Familiarity with report format and clinical experience help reduce this gap. Paradoxically, stylistic improvements to report formatting can interfere with comprehension and increase the number of misunderstandings. Further investigation is required to reduce the number of misunderstandings and, thus, medical errors.

Communication↗