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"In this note we examine the ageing of the female population in the State of Kerala, India, in the light of current and future demographic trends as well as the social and economic implications of this process." Consideration is given to the gender gap in mortality, marital status among elderly women, age at marriage, the dependency ratio, and economic status and support for the elderly, including welfare programs.
Demographic trends in the Netherlands during 1992 are reviewed. Among the findings, the author notes that "in 1992 the Dutch population grew by 110 thousand.... The number of births fell by some 2 thousand, immigration by 3.5 thousand. The number of deaths remained unchanged. Emigration increased by 1.5 thousand.... Twelve per cent of the population live in a one person household. Thirty years ago this was only 3%. Due to the decreased average number of children per family the proportion of children fell from 44% in 1960 to 30% in 1992. The number of people who were born abroad shows an annual growth of 4.4%. The growth of the native population is 0.44% per year.... Fertility is highest for 30 year old women. In 1970 this was the case for those who were 26 years of age." (SUMMARY IN ENG)
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The author examines the decline in Chinese women's "age at first marriage..., going on to analyze trends of development in women's average age at first marriage and changes in the interval before first fertility over the last few decades, and from there proposes an effective way to alleviate the population peak and control the population--gradually lengthening the interval before first fertility on the basis of maintaining the average age at first marriage." Data are from the 1982 census and other official sources.
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"The purpose of this paper has been to assess empirically the question of whether women's growing economic independence, resulting from better education, is one of the major factors in determining the timing of marriage and motherhood in Italy.... We have analysed the life histories of a sample of Italian women from different cohorts, collected on the occasion of the National Survey on Family Structures and Behaviours carried on by the National Institute of Statistics.... The effect of level of education is negative. That is, it increases the age of entry into marriage. However, the size of the effect is small and seems limited to the passage from youth to adulthood, because the longer time the woman spends in the educational system increases the age at which she feels herself ready to marry. As far as the timing of the first child, it is almost independent of educational attainment, once marital status is taken into account." (SUMMARY IN FRE AND ITA)
"The paper uses data on women from the General Household Surveys for 1986-89 [for England and Wales] to form combined multiple decrement tables on the transitions from first marriage through childbearing, divorce and remarriage. It shows that ultimately women who experience one marital breakdown tend to have around the same number of children...as those who remain married. However, their time to complete childbearing is rather longer with this extra time being concentrated largely in the birth interval in which the marital breakdown takes place. The group of women who experience more than one marital breakdown tend to have more children and consequently shorter birth intervals."
"Recent differentials in fertility in Britain are examined in a multivariate analysis using a combined sample of the 1986-89 General Household Surveys. The range of quantum and tempo indicators analyzed covers: total births, proportion ever marrying and each parity progression ratio up to the fourth, mean age at marriage and each birth interval up to the fourth. The differentials appearing are, by and large, narrow and are consistent with traditional findings and recent research.... In the case of education, however, several quantum variables, having displayed an initially inverse association, become directly associated with terminal education age when initial age and other factors are controlled."
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The authors review Pakistan's population program, with a focus on the ideal mix of contraceptive methods needed to slow population growth. "Our objective in this exercise is to estimate the extent of services required to achieve a certain level of the Contraceptive Prevalence Rate (CPR) necessary to bring fertility down to a level desired by women." Comparison is made between single- and multiple-method approaches.
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The author investigates reasons for changes in the rate of household formation by young married men in Japan. "We have constructed a model which explains the change in headship rate, composed with three variables: the proportion coresiding with parents..., the headship rate for the coresiding...and the headship rate for the non-coresiding..., and we have contrived a way to obtain these three variables utilizing the Census tabulations. With this analysis, while the decrease of headship rate during 1975 to 1985 had been brought about by the rise of proportion coresiding and the decline of headship rate for the coresiding, the augmentation from 1985 to 1990 was caused exclusively by the returning decrease in the proportion coresiding." (SUMMARY IN ENG)
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Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
In order to examine factors influencing the perception of ideal family size in Poland, "the present paper discusses path models, which explain a central reproductive behaviour category i.e. the actual number of children....[The author finds that] the image of the ideal family size directly influences the existing number of children. Path coefficients show that the increase of the ideal number of children by one standard deviation is associated with the increase of actual family size by approximately one third standard deviation of this explanatory variable." Other variables considered include parental influence, rural or urban residence, educational status, age at marriage, religion, and quality of life. (SUMMARY IN ENG)