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At least 1,063 records · Page 59Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

Repeated dose comparison of nomifensine, imipramine and placebo on subjective assessments of sleep and objective measures of psychomotor performance.

1. Nine normal subjects volunteered to participate in a randomized single-blind crossover study of nomifensine 75 mg and two comparators, imipramine 75 mg and placebo. 2. Each volunteer received placebo for 3 d, then the first test drug for 4 days. This sequence was repeated twice more, so that each subject received each comparator. All medication was taken three times daily. 3. Assessments were made on days 3, 5 and 7 of each sequence, and consisted of a Sleep Evaluation Questionnaire, a test of Critical Flicker Fusion and a measure of Complex Reaction Time (CRT). 4. There were no significant differences in the CRT. There was a significant increase in critical flicker fusion with nomifensine. 5. Although both nomifensine and imipramine disturbed the quality of sleep, only imipramine produced a hangover.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Comparative effects of imipramine and dothiepin on salivary rate in normal volunteers.

1 Imipramine induced significant reduction in salivary rate compared to placebo in a cross-over, double-blind study of twelve normal volunteers. In contrast, there was no significant difference between the reduction in salivary rate induced by dothiepin and placebo. 2 Comparison of salivary rates showed no significant difference between the drugs in the initial and cross-over treatment periods. However, pooled observations from the initial and cross-over treatment periods indicated that imipramine produced a significantly greater reduction in salivary rate than dothiepin. 3 The results suggest that dothiepin would cause far less dryness of mouth compared to imipramine. This feature might ensure greater therapeutic compliance.

Dibenzothiepins↗
PubMed1986

A single-subject study of imipramine in a mentally retarded woman with depressive symptoms.

A double-blind, placebo-controlled, reversal design was used to assess imipramine. The subject was a young woman, with moderate mental retardation, whose salient clinical characteristics included weight loss, episodes of screaming and crying, agitation, and generally high levels of irritable behaviour. As compared with placebo, 100 mg of imipramine resulted in consistent improvement in terms of increased food consumption, decreases in screaming and crying, and stabilized sleep. Drug effects were fairly specific and a number of other clinical variables were unaffected by treatment. There was no evidence that imipramine impaired cognitive functioning as assessed by IQ performance.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Effects of chronic treatment of methamphetamine and imipramine on amygdaloid seizure's generation.

We assessed the effects of chronic treatment of methamphetamine (1-2 mg/kg/day, i.p., 17 days) and imipramine (2-8 mg/kg/day, p.o., 17 days) on amygdala-generating seizures using the kindling method induced by low-frequency electrical stimulations. The number of stimulating pulses required for the triggering of epileptic afterdischarge (pulse-number threshold: PNT) is the indicator of seizure generating threshold. A PNT elevation followed by its reduction occurred, compared to the pretreatment level, during a 2 mg/kg/day chronic methamphetamine treatment. A reduction in the PNT and triggered afterdischarge durations occurred during a chronic imipramine treatment. These results indicate that both methamphetamine and imipramine reduced the seizure generating threshold by repeated applications. It is suggested that this finding might be related to the psychoactive potency and associated neurochemical changes which are known to be caused by these drugs.

Amygdala↗
PubMed2005

Effects of intraperitoneally injected lithium, imipramine and diazepam on nitrate levels in rat amygdala.

Nitric oxide (NO) has been studied in relation to the etiologies of various neurologic and psychiatric diseases. However, little is known about whether clinically available psychotropic drugs affect the NO system in the brain. Using an in vivo brain microdialysis method, the effects of intraperitoneally administered lithium, imipramine and diazepam on levels of , a marker of in vivo NO production, were investigated in the rat amygdala. Lithium significantly reduced, while imipramine raised, levels as compared with controls. These observations suggest that lithium and imipramine induce opposite effects on NO-related systems in the brain.

Amygdala↗
PubMed1979

A comparison between propantheline and imipramine on bladder and salivary gland function.

The effects of propantheline and imipramine on detrusor function and salivary gland secretion were studied in the dog. Both drugs caused a decrease in the rise of intravesical pressure following pelvic nerve stimulation in the anaesthetised dog. Propantheline had a profound effect on the salivary gland, whereas imipramine had very little effect on the volume of saliva produced after electrical stimulation of the chorda tympani. This suggests that the action of imipramine on the bladder is not anticholinergic. The significance for treatment of detrusor dysfunction is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Comparison of treatment outcomes for imipramine for female genuine stress incontinence.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy of imipramine as a treatment of genuine stress incontinence and to explore the possible determining factors for treatment success and failure. DESIGN: A prospective study. SETTING: University department of obstetrics and gynaecology. PARTICIPANTS: Forty women with genuine stress incontinence were enrolled. METHODS: Each woman was treated with 25 mg imipramine three times a day for three months. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Each woman had a 20-minute pad test and urodynamic study including uroflowmetry, both filling and voiding cystometry, and stress urethral pressure profile before and after treatment. RESULTS: After treatment, 35% (n = 14) were cured, 25% (n = 10) improved by > or = 50% and in the remaining 40% (n = 16) treatment failed. The efficacy of successful treatment was 60% (95% CI 44.8-75.2). The median age and parity, as well as menopausal status, showed no statistical differences between the two groups. The pre-treatment data including pad weight, functional urethral length, maximal urethral pressure, bladder compliance at urgency, bladder capacity, and average and maximal flow rates showed no statistical differences between the two groups except urethral closure pressure (P = 0.001). Besides, the functional urethral length and urethral closure pressure were significantly improved in the treatment success group. After medication, the median functional urethral length was 3 cm (intraquantile range [IQR] 2.3-3) in the treatment success group vs 2.3 cm (IQR 2-3) in the treatment failure group (P = 0.028). The urethral closure pressure was 77 cmH2O (IQR 61-105) for the treatment success group vs 40 cmH2O (IQR 34-53) in the treatment failure group (P < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: The efficacy of imipramine for genuine stress incontinence was 60% (95% CI 44.8-75.2). The pre-treatment high urethral closure pressure may serve as a predictor for treatment success.

Adrenergic Uptake Inhibitors↗
PubMed1981

Distribution of specific high-affinity binding sites for [3H]imipramine in human brain.

[3H]Imipramine binds with high affinity to membranes from different regions of the human brain. The highest density of binding sites was observed in the hypothalamus and substantia nigra and the lowest density in the white matter and cerebellum. As found in rat brain, tricyclic antidepressant drugs are potent inhibitors of [3H]imipramine binding. Atypical antidepressants are, however, much weaker at inhibiting the specific binding. The [3H]imipramine binding site in human cortex is apparently identical to the site already described in the rat brain and in human platelets.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Effects of the binding of imipramine to erythrocytes and plasma proteins on its transport through the rat blood-brain barrier.

Brain extraction of a tricyclic antidepressant, imipramine, was investigated using the carotid injection technique in the rat. The extent to which drug binding to plasma proteins and erythrocytes could inhibit the brain extraction was measured. Equilibrium dialysis showed that imipramine is highly bound to human serum albumin (HSA), alpha 1-acid glycoprotein (AAG), lipoproteins, and erythrocytes. The free dialyzable drug fraction was inversely related to the protein concentration. Despite this degree of binding, no significant reduction in the brain extraction of the drug was observed in the presence of HSA, lipoprotein, or erythrocytes. Only AAG reduced the brain transport of this drug in a ratio related to the protein concentration. However, the rat brain extraction was higher than expected from the in vitro measurement of the dialyzable fraction. These data indicate that the amount of circulating imipramine available for penetration in brain exceeds widely the dialyzable fraction of the drug as measured in vitro.

Algorithms↗
PubMed1988

Autoradiographic analysis of [3H]imipramine binding in the human brain postmortem: effects of age and alcohol.

In vitro quantitative autoradiography of high-affinity [3H]imipramine binding sites was performed on 16 human brains postmortem. The densities of binding sites were highest in the hypothalamus. Next, in descending order, were the basal and lateral nuclei of the amygdala; substantia innominata; insular cortex; the central nucleus of the amygdala; the anterior nucleus of the thalamus; the head of the caudate nucleus; portions of the frontal, parietal, and temporal cortex; claustrum; the granular layer of the dentate gyrus; substantia nigra; the pyramidal layer of CA fields; globus pallidus; red nucleus; and white matter. Imipramine binding was found to increase with age in a region-specific manner. The presence of alcohol had a similar effect, which was most pronounced in the hippocampus. Sex and time from death to autopsy did not affect imipramine binding, in our sample.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Rapid changes in 3H-imipramine platelet binding after chronic treatment with amineptine, a selective dopamine uptake blocker, in major depressed patients.

The effect of chronic treatment with amineptine (200 mg daily), a tricyclic antidepressant drug selectively blocking dopamine uptake, on 3H-imipramine binding, was investigated in platelets of major depressed patients in conjunction with changes in clinical state. Before treatment, depressed patients had a significantly lower Bmax (P less than 0.01) than age- and gender-matched healthy controls. After only 1 week of amineptine administration, Bmax values increased significantly (P less than 0.01) and reached the control value concomitantly with a large and significant clinical improvement (P less than 0.01). After 1 month, Bmax was still significantly different from the pretreatment value (P less than 0.05), and not significantly different from the control value, while the improvement in clinical status persisted. No significant changes in Kd values were observed during treatment. We also verified that amineptine did not displace 3H-imipramine binding from platelets either in depressed or in control subjects. The results show that the successful treatment with amineptine, an antidepressant drug devoid of affinity for the tritiated imipramine platelet binding site, can rapidly lead to its density normalization.

Adult↗
PubMed1960

The effect of iproniazid and imipramine on the blood platelet 5-hydroxytrptamine level in man.

Observations are reported on the blood platelet 5-hydroxytryptamine content of six patients receiving imipramine, N-(gamma-dimethylaminopropyl)-iminodibenzyl hydrochloride. The response was a fall to a level of one-sixth of the original in three weeks, with little change thereafter. This is in sharp contrast to the action of iproniazid which caused a rise of some 200% in the blood platelet 5-hydroxytryptamine level over the same period. Imipramine in a concentration of 1 mg./ml. had no inhibitory action on 5-hydroxytryptophan decarboxylase; 8.0 mug./ml. of imipramine suppressed two-thirds of the in vitro uptake of 5-hydroxytryptamine (2.5 mug./ml.) by normal human platelets.

Aromatic-L-Amino-Acid Decarboxylases↗
PubMed1969

The effect of cocaine and imipramine on tyramine-induced release of noradrenaline-3H from the rat vas deferens in vitro.

1. Tyramine 10(-4)M significantly increased release of noradrenaline-7-(3)H (NA-7-(3)H) from rat vas deferens in vitro.2. Neither cocaine 10(-5)M nor imipramine 10(-7)M-10(-6)M significantly reduced tyramine-induced release of NA-7-(3)H.3. Increasing the exposure time to cocaine and imipramine from 10 to 20 min or pre-incubating the tissue with a wide range of NA-7-(3)H concentrations (3.3-333.3 ng/ml.) did not affect the lack of inhibition by cocaine and imipramine.4. It is suggested that the tyramine receptor in rat vas deferens differs from that in other systems and that blockade of tyramine-released noradrenaline at alpha-adrenergic receptors may be the most important mechanism for tyramine antagonism by imipramine-like drugs in this tissue.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Enhanced oxidative phosphorylation in rat liver mitochondria following prolonged in vivo treatment with imipramine.

1. Effects of prolonged in vivo administration of the tricyclic antidepressant drug imipramine on oxidative energy metabolism in rat liver mitochondria were examined. 2. Imipramine treatment resulted in an increase in state 3 respiration rates with all the substrates tested as early as one week after treatment; this was sustained through the second week of treatment. 3. The changes in respiration rates were accompanied by a selective increase in the intramitochondrial cytochrome aa3 and c + c1 contents after both one and two weeks of treatment. 4. Administration of imipramine did not alter the total liver protein content per g tissue, the mitochondrial protein content per g tissue or the mitochondrial yield. 5. Kinetic analyses of succinoxidase activity in terms of Arrhenius plots indicated possible alterations in mitochondrial membrane lipid milieu and membrane fluidity after the drug treatment, especially in the second week.

3-Hydroxybutyric Acid↗
PubMed1977

Comparative clinical evaluation of lofepramine and imipramine. Pharmacological aspects.

A multicentre comparative clinical evaluation of lofepramine, an imipramine analogue, and imipramine has been made with double-blind technique and fixed dosage (lofepramine 70 mg t.i.d., imipramine 50 mg t.i.d.). Plasma was drawn after 3 weeks for determination of noradrenaline-uptake inhibitory capacity of the parent compound and/or its active metabolites. Plasma concentrations of lofepramine and desmethylimipramine (DMI) were determined in the same samples. The concentrations of lofepramine in the whole material were low (5-27 ng/ml) except for one patient who had a level of 53 ng/ml. In both groups of patients there was an almost 40-fold range in the plasma levels of DMI or apparent DMI. The patients were rated for severity of depression before treatment, then once weekly for 3 weeks and finally during the fifth week. For further information concerning the psychiatric aspects, see d'Elia et al. in this issue (1977). A significant correlation was found between the concentrations of DMI and the noradrenaline-uptake inhibitory capacity in the plasma samples. No correlations were found between uptake inhibitory capacity of plasma samples and the amelioration scores.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Paroxetine in the treatment of depression: a comparison with imipramine and placebo.

Paroxetine is a selective serotonin uptake inhibitor, which is being investigated as an antidepressant. In this double-blind, six-week study 120 outpatients with DSM-III major depression were randomly assigned to treatment with paroxetine, imipramine, or placebo. Results showed a statistically significant superiority of paroxetine over placebo on almost all outcome measures. Paroxetine was significantly superior to imipramine on the HAMD total score and was generally better tolerated than imipramine. The results support paroxetine's effectiveness in the treatment of major depression and suggest that further studies with this compound are warranted.

Antidepressive Agents↗
PubMed1990

Moclobemide (Ro 11-1163) versus imipramine in the treatment of depression.

Moclobemide and imipramine were compared single-blind in 2 groups of 20 depressed patients (75% and 65% endogenous depression respectively). There was no significant difference between the 2 groups in improvement on the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression. The final overall assessment of efficacy was good or very good in 80% of the moclobemide patients and 55% on imipramine. Tolerance was good to very good in 95% of moclobemide patients, compared with 80% on imipramine. No severe adverse effects were reported in either group.

Antidepressive Agents↗
PubMed1990

Moclobemide, imipramine and placebo in the treatment of major depression.

Moclobemide was compared with imipramine and placebo in the treatment of major depressive episodes in 75 outpatients. The dosage of moclobemide (25 patients) was 300 mg daily for the first 5 days, after which it could be increased to 600 mg. Imipramine (25 patients) was given in a dosage starting with 33 mg and gradually increased to 100 mg/day in the first 5 days, after which it could be further increased; 25 patients received placebo. Both drugs were equally effective as measured by the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression, the overall assessment of efficacy and the Zung Self-rating Scale, and clearly superior to placebo; there were no significant differences between the 2 active drugs. Moclobemide was better tolerated than imipramine, and was almost comparable to placebo in this respect.

Ambulatory Care↗