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At least 1,063 records · Page 59Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

[Spatial distribution of motoneurons innervating the joint flexor and extensor muscles of the forelimb in the rat spinal cord].

The retrograde axonal transport technique with horseradish peroxidase was used to determine the distribution of motoneurons innervating the biceps brachii (BB) and the brachialis (BR) as elbow flexors, and the triceps brachii (TB) as an extensor in the adult rat spinal cord. Each motoneuron was localized in three discrete, fusiform cell columns within the dorsolateral portion of the ventral horn: BB in segments C5 and C6, BR in C5 and C6, and TB in C7 to Th1. The motoneuron columns of elbow flexor and extensor muscles were clearly separated cranio-caudally. The same technique was used with two kinds of fluorescent dyes, diamidino-phenyl indole and propidium iodide to examine the spatial relationship between the BB and BR motor neurons, which were distributed in the same segments. The motoneuron columns of both BB and BR overlapped for the most part, but the former existed somewhat cranially and laterally compared to the latter.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[The muscular activity of the forelimbs in the guinea pig with cerebellum removed undergoing vestibular stimulation].

The influence of the cerebellum removal on the action of vestibular system on locomotor activity was not sufficient for the initiation of locomotor rhythmic activity and did not change its timing although vestibular effects on locomotor activity were preserved. The dynamics of vestibulo-spinal influences in experimental animals were the same as in animals with intact cerebellum. The intactness of cerebello-vestibular connexions seem not to be necessary for actualization of the vestibular system effects on locomotor activity.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

[Sources of thalamocortical afferentation of the area of forelimb representation in the first somatosensory zone of the cerebral cortex in the cat].

Retrogradely labelled thalamic neurons--the sources of afferentation in the focus of maximal activity evoked by stimulation of n. radialis--were studied in adult cats by means of microiontophoretic injections of horseradish peroxidase into the first somatosensory zone of the cerebral cortex. The labelled cells were predominantly found in the thalamic nucleus ventralis posterolateralis; some cells (a minor part) were also found in the nucleus ventralis posteromedialis. The labelled neurons in these nuclei were distributed in groups whose composition according to many morphological characteristics was heterogeneous.

Afferent Pathways↗
PubMed1988

Variable locations of nutrient foramina of the proximal phalanx in forelimbs of standardbreds.

Bilateral metacarpophalangeal radiographs of 100 Standardbreds were examined for visualization and location of nutrient foramina of the proximal phalanx. Foramina were located in the dorsal or palmar cortex or were not visible radiographically. Of 100 horses, 45 had bilaterally symmetrical foramina. Left and right proximal phalangeal foramina were asymmetrical in the remaining 55 horses. Of 200 proximal phalangeal foramina (in 100 horses), 78 were in the dorsal cortex, 61 were in the palmar cortex, and 61 were not visible radiographically. A significant (P = 0.05) effect of age or sex could not be determined.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Influence of vitamin A palmitate on the growth of regenerating Triturus alpestris forelimbs.

The objective of this investigation was to analyse the effects of vitamin A palmitate orally administered to young postmetamorphic Triturus alpestris on the growth of regenerates. Vitamin A was administered for 4, 7, 11 and 14 days after amputation at the middle of the right zeugopod. Growth of regenerates was evaluated on the basis of external size measurements and blastema cell proliferation. Calculation of the percentages of cells in each cell-cycle phase and estimation of mitotic indices during the period of drug administration were performed by microdensitometric scanning of Feulgen-stained nuclei and counting of chromosome configurations, respectively. Vitamin A was found to induce polyploidism, to enhance transition from G1- to S-phase cell nuceli, to prolong the duration of G2-phase to the detriment of S-phase and to promote mitotic activity in the mesenchyme cells. In accordance with the above, an acceleration in the growth rates of treated blastemas with respect to controls was observed.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

[Congenital flexure of the forelimbs in calves].

The incidence of congenital multiple arthrogryposis in newborn calves during the period from September 1982 to September 1983 was studied by conducting a questionnaire on 2,204 dairy farms in the province of Overijssel. This entity was observed on 19 per cent of the farms with Meuse-Rhine-IJssel breed and on 12 per cent of those with the Friesian-Dutch or Friesian-Dutch/Dutch-Friesian breed of cattle. Bull-calves showing normal or heavy birth weights following a normal period of gestation were mainly affected. There was a considerable difference in incidence between sires.

Animals↗