Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Egg Shell”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 1,063 records · Page 59Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

The pathology of Hancock standard porcine valve prosthesis: a 20-year span of experience.

A spectrum of events leading to tissue failure is responsible for late dysfunction of Hancock porcine valve xenografts: (a) Primary failure: dystrophic calcification, thrombosis, fibrous tissue overgrowth, primary tears, cuspal hematomas, and stent postbending. (b) Secondary failure: endocarditis and paravalvular leak. Dystrophic calcification is the main factor influencing long-term durability and accounts in our experience for 88% of primary failure, through different clinical presentations; particularly, incompetence by cusp tearing and egg-shell fragmentation is by far the most frequent mode of failure. Cusp degeneration by primary tears (in the absence of dystrophic calcification) is an uncommon event, due to lipid infiltration or to right coronary muscle shelf spontaneous or immuno-related disruption.

Bioprosthesis↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Transcutaneous ultrasonography of the avian urogenital tract.

The purpose of this article is to provide a survey of the diagnostic use of transcutaneous sonographic examination of the urogenital tract of pet birds. Possibilities and limitations in imaging normal and altered components of this organ system are discussed. Ultrasonographic examination of the avian urogenital tract was evaluated in 386 pet birds. Abnormal clinical signs were present in 289 birds; 97 birds were normal. Transcutaneous ultrasonography proved to be a useful, noninvasive, and fast diagnostic tool, especially in imaging laminated eggs and changes of the oviduct. Until now, these pathologic changes were not diagnosable in birds with other common noninvasive methods (e.g. radiography). The imaging of low-grade changes of the oviduct, disorders of the kidney without enlargement of the organ, as well as roughening of the egg shell proved to be difficult. Sonographic imaging of neither the normal kidney nor the inactive gonads was possible.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

The C-type lectin-like domain superfamily.

The superfamily of proteins containing C-type lectin-like domains (CTLDs) is a large group of extracellular Metazoan proteins with diverse functions. The CTLD structure has a characteristic double-loop ('loop-in-a-loop') stabilized by two highly conserved disulfide bridges located at the bases of the loops, as well as a set of conserved hydrophobic and polar interactions. The second loop, called the long loop region, is structurally and evolutionarily flexible, and is involved in Ca2+-dependent carbohydrate binding and interaction with other ligands. This loop is completely absent in a subset of CTLDs, which we refer to as compact CTLDs; these include the Link/PTR domain and bacterial CTLDs. CTLD-containing proteins (CTLDcps) were originally classified into seven groups based on their overall domain structure. Analyses of the superfamily representation in several completely sequenced genomes have added 10 new groups to the classification, and shown that it is applicable only to vertebrate CTLDcps; despite the abundance of CTLDcps in the invertebrate genomes studied, the domain architectures of these proteins do not match those of the vertebrate groups. Ca2+-dependent carbohydrate binding is the most common CTLD function in vertebrates, and apparently the ancestral one, as suggested by the many humoral defense CTLDcps characterized in insects and other invertebrates. However, many CTLDs have evolved to specifically recognize protein, lipid and inorganic ligands, including the vertebrate clade-specific snake venoms, and fish antifreeze and bird egg-shell proteins. Recent studies highlight the functional versatility of this protein superfamily and the CTLD scaffold, and suggest further interesting discoveries have yet to be made.

Animals↗
PubMed1969

Avian thyroid: effect of p,p'-DDT on size and activity.

Feeding sublethal amounts of p,p'-DDT to pigeons caused an increase in thyroid weight and a reduction in colloid content of the follicles. This may reflect a hyper- or hypo-functioning gland and may be cotnnected with recent reductions in egg shell weights in wild birds. The effect was accompanied by increased liver weight.

Animal Feed↗
PubMed1985

A device for the nondestructive decontamination of large volumes of infected egg waste.

A device for the decontamination of large numbers of infected eggs which remain as by-products of vaccine production is described. Homogenates of infected eggs were heated to 60 degrees C and maintained at that temperature for 3 h in a specially constructed recirculation tank. The infectivity of all detectable influenza viruses and more than 99% of the bacteria associated with the homogenates was destroyed by this procedure. Eggshell material was separated from the proteins present in the homogenate at the end of the heating cycle by means of a cyclone separator. The proportions of all the amino acids, except cystine, in the proteins remaining in the suspension after the heating cycle were similar to that normally present in whole embryos.

Animal Feed↗
PubMed2002

The global regulator ArcA controls resistance to reactive nitrogen and oxygen intermediates in Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis.

Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis is a major cause of food-borne diseases associated with consumption of shell eggs. Clinical isolates of S. enterica serovar Enteritidis exhibit a wide spectrum of virulence in mice. A highly virulent isolate (SE2472) was previously shown to be more resistant in vitro than other clinical isolates to acidified sodium nitrite (ASN), a generator of reactive nitrogen and oxygen intermediates (RNI/ROI). SE2472 is also more resistant to S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) and hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) than an ASN-susceptible isolate of S. enterica serovar Enteritidis (SE8743). To investigate the molecular basis for the RNI/ROI resistance of S. enterica serovar Enteritidis, we transformed a genomic DNA library of SE2472 into SE8743. A plasmid clone conferred upon SE8743 enhanced resistance to ASN, GSNO, and H(2)O(2). The DNA insert in the clone encoded ArcA, a global regulator. An arcA mutant of SE2472 was constructed and was found to be more susceptible to GSNO and hydrogen peroxide but not more susceptible to ASN than wild-type SE2472. The susceptibility of the arcA mutant to GSNO and H(2)O(2) was complemented by a plasmid harboring arcA. The coding sequence of the arcA gene in SE2472 and the coding sequence of the arcA gene in SE8743 were identical, suggesting that the difference in resistance to RNI/ROI maybe due to the activity of genes regulated by ArcA. No significant difference in virulence between the wild type and the arcA mutant of SE2472 was observed in mice. These observations show that arcA is essential for resistance of S. enterica serovar Enteritidis to nitrosative and oxidative stress. However, additional genetic loci may contribute to the resistance to RNI/ROI and unusually high virulence for mice of SE2472.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

Molecular subtyping of poultry-associated type A Clostridium perfringens isolates by repetitive-element PCR.

Clostridium perfringens strains (type A) isolated from an integrated poultry operation were subtyped using repetitive-element PCR with Dt primers. Isolates were obtained from fecal, egg shell, fluff, and carcass rinse samples as part of a previously reported temporally linked epidemiological survey. A total of 48 isolates of C. perfringens were obtained from different stages of the broiler chicken production chain from two separate breeder farms that supplied a single hatchery that in turn provided chicks to a single grow-out farm whose flocks were processed at a single plant. All 48 isolates were typeable (100% typeability) by repetitive-element PCR with Dt primers. This subtyping method was highly reproducible and discriminatory. By repetitive-element PCR with Dt primers, isolates were classified into four major branches with 12 subgroups or clades. The Simpson's index of discrimination was calculated to be 0.96 for groupings of >95% correlation. Toxin gene profiles of the isolates indicated that all of the isolates were C. perfringens alpha-toxin gene positive and 46 of 48 isolates were beta2-toxin gene positive. All strains were negative for beta- and epsilon-toxin genes. Repetitive sequence-based PCR was found to be a technically practical and reproducible means of subtyping C. perfringens libraries from specific epidemiological or production environment settings.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Non-occupational pneumoconiosis at high altitude villages in central Ladakh.

An epidemiological survey was carried out to investigate the occurrence of non-occupational pneumoconiosis in Ladakh, where there are no mines or industries. The clinicoradiological investigations of 449 randomly selected subjects from three villages showed typical cases of pneumoconiosis associated with progressive massive fibrosis and egg shell calcification of hilar glands. The prevalence of pneumoconiosis in these three villages was 2.0%, 20.1% and 45.3% and it corresponded with the severity of dust storms and the use of chimneys in the kitchens. The dust concentrations in the kitchens with no provision for a chimney were very high. The free silica content of the storms was between 60 and 70%. Exposure to free silica from dust storms and soot from domestic fuels are suggested as causes of these cases of pneumoconiosis.

Altitude↗
PubMed1976

Unusual calcification in mixed papillary and follicular carcinoma of the thyroid gland.

An unusual egg-shell calcification was found in the thyroid gland on a routine radiograph. The 99mTc-pertechnetate thyroid image showed a cold nodule in the inferior pole of the left lobe which proved to be mixed papillary-follicular carcinoma. There was no characteristic pattern of calcification in the thyroid gland which would permit precise diagnosis of cancer; however, psammomatous calcification frequently occurs in papillary carcinoma of the thyroid.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1976

Vitamin D metabolism: physiological regulation in egg-laying Japanese quail.

Homogenates of kidney removed from reproductivity active female Japanese quail were incubated with tritiated 25-hydroxyvitamin D3, and the metabolites were extracted and identified by chromatographic methods. Kidneys removed from birds with and without an egg in the oviduct revealed that ovulation results in enhanced production of 1, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, the active hormonal form of vitamin D3. Further examination of this phenomenon in relation to the ovulatory cycle revealed that 1, 25-dihydroxy-vitamin D3 production is enhanced throughout the 24 h following ovulation. Particularly important is the finding that its synthesis is already enhanced during the first 6 h after ovulation, at a time before any calcification of the egg shell begins. If, following oviposition, no ovulation occurs, 1, 25-dihydroxy-vitamin D3 production decreases rapidly and significantly within the first 6 h following oviposition. This study has revealed for the first time a physiological state, namely the reproductive period in the female bird, in which endogenous control over 1, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 production is exhibited without any previous manipulation, dietary or otherwise, of the animals.

25-Hydroxyvitamin D3 1-alpha-Hydroxylase↗
PubMed1988

Macular degeneration in angioid streaks.

This study examines different clinical parameters and the occurrence of macular degeneration in a series of 110 patients with angioid streaks of the fundus. Among the parameters considered were: age of the patient at the time of ocular diagnosis, associated systemic disease, optic nerve drusen, peau d'orange appearance in the fundus, number of radiating angioid streaks as well as their length, width, and distance from the fovea. Statistically significant correlations were found between the occurrence of macular degeneration (of the exudative hemorrhagic type) and the following: angioid streak length, distance from the fovea, and the diffuse type or 'cracked egg-shell' fundus appearance.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Acidogenic potential of cariogenic and noncariogenic diets in the rat.

No significant difference in lactic acid content was observed in dood residues removed from the occlusal grooves of rats receiving Purina lab chow or the 62% sucrose cariogenic diet. The incubation of rat saliva with Purina chow, with 62% sucrose diet, or with the 62% sucrose diet supplemented with carbamyl phosphate, egg shell meal, and the trace elements zinc, molybdenum, and chromium produced in 24 hours essentially the same pH surve. The terminaltitratable acidity observed in saliva incubated with the 62% unsupplemented diet, however, was significantly less than that produced in salivary mixtures containing either Purina chow or supplemented sucrose diets.

Animal Feed↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Lymph node calcification in malignant lymphoma. Presentation of nine cases and a review of the literature.

Lymph node calcification in malignant lymphoma is an uncommon radiologic finding. Eight cases are added to the 61 cases of lymph node calcification following radiation therapy for Hodgkin's disease, assembled from the literature. The typical radiographic appearance of punctate calcifications, usually found in the upper mediastinum, at times together with egg-shell type calcification, is confirmed. The mean time before appearance of calcification was 3 years after initial treatment. The calcification seems to be associated with a good prognosis and long-term survival. In addition, the radiologic and clinical findings in a patient with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma who developed calcifications in the involved area after treatment are presented.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Malignant ovarian teratoma in a red-eared slider (Trachemys scripta elegans).

A 7-year-old intact female red-eared slider (Trachemys scripta elegans) presented with anorexia of 2-3-weeks duration. Coelomic radiographs demonstrated 3 shelled eggs in the right cavity. Hormone therapy failed to induce oviposition. Exploratory laparotomy revealed 3 calcified eggs in the right oviduct and a large mass obliterating the left ovary. The large, multilobulate mass had scattered, firm, white nodules and weighed 450 g. Histopathology revealed a malignant teratoma composed of immature embryonaland extraembryonal elements derived from all 3 germ layers with multifocal epithelial anaplasia. This is the first report of a teratoma in chelonian gonadal tissue. Teratomas and reptilian gonadal neoplasia are reviewed.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Incidence of salmonellosis in local hens' eggs.

Evidence indicates that outbreaks of salmonellosis may be due to infected eggs. This prompted a study on the incidence of salmonella in eggs. This study was done during summer 1991 and 900 eggs were examined in all. None of the eggs examined were found to be infected with salmonella. However, the result obtained should be treated with care and analysed with a critical eye. The result obtained does not imply that local flocks are not infected by salmonella.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Ultrastructural localization of carbonic anhydrase in the chorioallantoic membrane by immunocytochemistry.

Carbonic anhydrase was localized in the chick embryo chorionic ectoderm at the ultrastructural level by immuno-cytochemistry. Preembedding staining of whole tissue was performed. The enzyme was present in the cytoplasm, on the membranes of apical vesicles, and on the membranes of microvilli in villus cavity cells, cells that may be involved in acid secretion and subsequent dissolution of the egg shell. In sinus covering cells, the enzyme is solely in the cytoplasm. The location of the enzyme in the thin cytoplasmic arms of the sinus covering cells is consistent with the role in nonrespiratory CO2 release.

Allantois↗