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Results for “DENTAL IMPLANTATION”

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At least 1,063 records · Page 59Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Comparative implant research in dogs: prosthodontic protocol using two-stage ceramic endosseous dental implants.

This report describes one phase of a long-term comparative implant investigation involving 20 of 120 endosseous implants placed in 30 adult mongrel dogs. Fixed prostheses involving 16 of the 20 (4 control implants) two-stage ceramic endosseous implants have been provided using routine prosthodontic procedures and the limited prosthetic components available for the Bioceram Series II implant system. The prostheses have proven to be functional with minimal maintenance. To date, after 1 year of follow-up, 2 of the two-stage implants have exhibited problems caused by fracture of the hexagonal collar. None of the implants to date has been lost and none of the fixed prostheses has required re-cementation or any other type of maintenance other than normal hygiene. Clinical evaluation suggests continued implant and prosthesis serviceability after 1 year in function.

Aluminum Oxide↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Functional mandibular deformation in edentulous subjects treated with dental implants.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to measure medial convergence, dorsoventral shear, and corporal rotation in the human mandible. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Measurements were made using custom-fabricated strain gauge displacement transducers in 6 edentulous subjects who had been treated with mandibular endosseous dental implants. These were mounted on the most distal of the mandibular implants on each side, and measurements were made in real time using a multichannel analogue/digital converter and a personal computer for data storage and analysis. Measurements were made while the implants were loaded, and the subjects opened and closed their mouths and made lateral mandibular excursions. Medial convergence was measured as a linear change at the site of the most distal implant. Dorsoventral shear was expressed as a relative rotation of the right and left mandibular bodies projected onto the median sagittal plane, and corporal rotation was expressed as the relative rotation of the most distal implant. RESULTS: Jaw deformation was found to occur immediately on opening and was related to closing forces and jaw position. Medial convergence of up to 41 microns was observed, with values for corporal rotation of up to 6 degrees and dorsoventral shear of up to 19 degrees. CONCLUSION: The study demonstrated clinically for the first time 3 different and simultaneous patterns of functional mandibular deformation.

Aged↗
PubMed2002

Analysis of 435 screw-vent dental implants placed in 161 patients: software enhancement of clinical evaluation.

This paper demonstrates how a computer software program was utilized in a private practice to supplement the clinical evaluation of one implant system. Clinical data were entered into a computer database at the time of implant placement and up to 13 years for follow-up appointments. Data were divided into two groups and subjected to lifetable analyses. The focus group consisted of a machined-titanium, screw-type implant with an internal abutment connection from one manufacturer. The residual database consisted of mixed implant designs with a variety of abutment connections and surfaces from several other manufacturers. Lifetable survival data between the two groups were generated. Cumulative survival rates from 0 to 13 years were 94.2% (n = 435) for the focus group and 90.1% (n = 2339) for the reference group. There were 25 implants lost in the focus group and 11 other implants were deemed "at risk." Survival results from other lifetable analyses are also presented for the two groups. Documentation of empirical clinical data in a computer software database over a period of time can help private practice clinicians better evaluate the dental implant systems used in their practices.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

A general dentist's guide to proper dental implant placement from an oral surgeon's perspective.

This article is designed to help the general or restorative dentist more accurately predict proper implant placement by using palatal stents for the maxilla and lingual stents for the mandible, as well as parallel pin guides and vacupress stents, which help ensure both precise location and angulation. Because these stents and pin guides are easily used during surgery, the restorative dentist can prescribe with accuracy the exact position where the implants should be placed. To further the predictability of implant placement, especially in the anterior maxilla, an abutment can actually be placed into the pilot hole in the bone and checked with a vacupress stent before making the implant socket.

Acrylic Resins↗
PubMed1998

A dental implant: aluminium trioxide exhibited no effect on mouse reproductive and mutanogenic potential.

Several diseases as well as trauma can affect the composition and integrity of periodontal tissues leading eventually to the destruction of connective tissue matrix and cells, loss of attachment and resorption of alveolar bone, often followed by tooth loss. Replacement of the missing tooth could then be provided by endosseous dental implants healing in a form of osseo- or fibrosteal integration to the alveolar bone. Aluminium oxide ceramics, a form of endosseous implant, allows osseointegration type of healing and has demonstrated excellent biocompatibility. However, potential aluminium toxicity has been implicated in the pathogenesis of a number of clinical disorders and for this reason we examined the reproductive and mutagenic effect of aluminium trioxide ceramic implant in experimental mice. 720 female and 45 fertile male BALB-cAn NCR mice were included in the study. 3 experimental groups of fertile male mice (15 for each group) were treated with an intraperitoneal injection of aluminium trioxide (1 g/ kg of body weight, group I), with ethyl-methane-sulphonate as a positive control (200 mg/kg, group II) and with Tween-80 (10 mg/kg as a negative control, Group III). Each of the labeled male mice fertilized previously uncoupled female mice during 8 weeks (a pair per week) to facilitate appropriate pre- and post-meiotic conditions of spermatogenesis to occur. Female mice were sacrificed with cervical dislocation at day 13 after fertilization. Immediately upon sacrifice the uterus was removed and the number of alive and healthy, or alive but mutated and/or dead embryos was computed to determine the dominant lethal or mutagenic effect. Animals treated with aluminium trioxide demonstrated similar effects on the reproductive and mutagenic capacity as the negative control, whereas the animals treated as positive controls exhibited significantly reduced reproductive and mutagenic capacity. Collectively, we concluded that aluminium trioxide has a very low rate of embryonal mortality and mutagenicity in mice. This finding is in general agreement with the biocompatibility of aluminium trioxide as an implant material.

Aluminum Oxide↗
PubMed1997

The influence of maxillary sinus augmentation on the success of dental implants through second-stage surgery.

An interim evaluation of the status of 102 implants placed in 42 augmented sinuses in 27 patients involved in an alternate category of the Dental Implant Clinical Research Group's long-term, randomized, prospective clinical investigation is presented. Autogeneic, allogeneic, and alloplastic sinus grafts were used, individually or mixed. Through second-stage surgery, 101 implants were found to be integrated. The mean Periotest value at uncovering was -3.36, with a standard deviation of 4.19. The results suggest that root form implants placed in augmented sinuses are successful through second-stage surgery, regardless of the augmentation material or implant design used.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Levels of glycosaminoglycans in peri-implant sulcus fluid as a means of monitoring bone response to endosseous dental implants.

The presence of certain glycosaminoglycans in peri-implant sulcus fluid may be an effective means of monitoring changes in bone metabolic activity following initial loading of implant abutments. This study has investigated levels of chondroitin 4 sulphate and hyaluronan in peri-implant sulcus fluid from titanium osseointegrated implants following initial abutment placement and exposure to masticatory stresses. Abutments were placed after a 3-month osseointegration period post-initial surgical placement of the interosseous stage. 10 edentulous patients, each with 5 mandibular implants were reviewed at 2, 4, 6 and 8 days after abutment placement. Clinical details were assessed and recorded and sulcus fluid collected in microcapillary tubes for a 5-min period for each abutment. Levels of glycosaminoglycans were assessed using cellulose acetate electrophoresis and densitometric scanning of alcian blue stained strips against known glycosaminoglycan standards. Maximum levels of sulcus fluid (0.3-1.25 microliters/5 min) were evident at 4 days with a decrease towards 8 days. Levels of sulphated glycosaminoglycans were also maximal at 2-4 days (range 0.03 - 0.126 micrograms/5 min) and decreased at 6-8 days. Hyaluronan was detected within a similar range of values reaching maximal levels at 4 days and decreasing by 8 days. The results indicate that glycosaminoglycan levels of peri-implant sulcus fluid is an effective means of measuring and maintaining changes in bone metabolism. The absence of proteodermatan sulphate precludes soft tissues being a source of these markers.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Introduction to plasma glow discharge treatment of dental implants.

As more practitioners are using implants in their practice, more questions have arisen regarding the use of these devices. One very important factor is the type of bone-implant interface obtained. The more inert and stable over time the metal is, the more we can control the overall success of the implant. Plasma glow discharge treatment is an ideal technique to increase the wettability of the metal and to insure a sound bone-implant interface. This article is an introduction to the use of plasma glow discharge treatment on dental implants.

Corrosion↗
PubMed1999

Conventional spiral and low-dose computed mandibular tomography for dental implant planning.

Absorbed doses to radiosensitive organs in the head and neck from pre-implant conventional hypocycloidal, conventional spiral and computed tomography (CT) were measured with thermoluminescent dosimeters in an anthropomorphic phantom head. From conventional tomography organ doses, except to the major salivary glands, were below 0.2 mGy. They were considerably higher with CT than conventional tomography. Tomographic images of posterior lower jaw regions were evaluated regarding measurement reliability in conventional spiral tomograms. Observers measured the distance marginal crest-mandibular canal, marked their measuring points and estimated the length of an intended Brånemark implant. The variability between observers, mainly due to the intra-observer variation, decreased with multiple readings and optimized image quality. The suggested implant length was the same as the one inserted in 70% of the cases. Tomographic images from mandibular body segments were used to test the influence of radiation exposure and scanning mode on image quality in CT and compare the quality of the CT images with that in conventional spiral tomograms. Mandibular canal and marginal bone crest visibility was unaffected by radiation dose in CT examinations. Differences among CT scanning modes and between CT and conventional spiral tomography were highly significant. Frontal CT scans or conventional spiral tomograms were preferred. In cross-sectional images of the posterior lower jaw image quality in conventional spiral and reformatted CT at 40 mAs and 80 mAs was compared. Observers graded the acceptability of images for implant planning and traced the contours of the mandibular body and canal. Conventional, spiral tomograms were subjectively preferred over reformatted CT images. Differences between CT images at different mAs settings were not statistically significant. The mandibular canal was more frequently untraceable in high-dose CT. The use of tomography for dental implant planning was studied by means of a survey among oral radiology clinics in Sweden and implantology clinics in other countries. It was used by 93.4% but varied markedly between and within anatomic regions. CT was used by 73%. Radiation doses varied considerably within and between different CT brands. The availability rather than the clinical need strongly influenced the choice of technique. From the point of view of radiation dose and information necessary for implant planning conventional spiral tomography is to be preferred over reformatted CT. However, when CT is the only technique at hand, it can be performed with a lower than standard mA-setting.

Artifacts↗
PubMed2002

[Results and perspectives of development in dental implantation in Russia].

The basic trends of scientific research carried out at the implantation department of CRID (Central Research Institute of Dentistry), referred to the fundamental problems in medicine and biology including a variety of not only experiments and clinical study but also a complex of technical aspects. Our long-term research and valuable clinical material collected resulted in confirming the necessity and importance of complex approaches developed by the Institute in dental implantation.

Academies and Institutes↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effects of drill speed on heat production and the rate and quality of bone formation in dental implant osteotomies. Part I: Relationship between drill speed and heat production.

The amount of heat produced by dental implant osteotomy (receptor site) preparation at different speeds and the effects of heat production on the prognosis of implant treatment are controversial. In Part I of this two-part study, heat production was measured in vivo during osteotomy preparation at low (maximum 2,000 rpm), intermediate (maximum 30,000 rpm), and high (maximum 400,000 rpm) speeds in the rabbit tibia, and an inverse relationship was observed between drill speed and heat production. For the measurement of heat production (Part I), a thermocouple probe was inserted into a prepared receptor site in the anteromedial aspect of the tibial metaphysis. Temperature was recorded while an osteotomy was drilled 1 mm from the thermocouple receptor site. Distilled water was used as coolant in conjunction with all drilling, and all osteotomies were prepared by a single researcher to eliminate the variable of interoperator difference in technique. An inverse relationship was observed between drill speed and heat production. An analysis of variance indicated significant differences in heat production among the three drilling speeds (P < 0.05). The results of Part 1 of this study indicate that for the configuration and material of bur used, the high-speed range minimizes heat production.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1992

Screwdriver aspiration. A complication of dental implant placement.

Endosseous implants are part of the prosthodontic rehabilitation of patients who have undergone radical tumor resection in the oral and maxillofacial area. Several complications arising from the use of these implants have been reported. Intraoperative aspiration of a screwdriver as a rare and life-threatening complication is presented. It was followed by a chain of further complications including pneumothorax, late laryngeal obstruction requiring tracheotomy, and pleural effusion requiring drainage. To prevent similar complications, we recommend general anesthesia when placing dental implants in patients who have previously undergone extended radical tumor surgery of the oral cavity.

Aged↗
PubMed2003

Bone healing around titanium and titanium nitride-coated dental implants with three surfaces: an experimental study in rats.

BACKGROUND: Titanium nitride (TiN) has been used in many fields as a coating of surgical instruments, with the purpose of creating materials more resistant to wear and corrosion and also reducing adhesion. PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the biocompatibility of TiN-coated dental implants. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty-five rats were used in this study. One hundred eighty 2 mm x 2 mm implants (P.H.I. San Vittore Olona, Milano, Italy) were used. The implants were divided into the following three groups: Group 1 (n = 60): 30 machined and 30 machined coated with Group 2 (n = 60): 30 sandblasted and 30 sandblasted coated with Group 3 (n = 60): 30 titanium plasma sprayed, 30 titanium plasma sprayed and coated with TiN Four implants were placed in each rat, two implants coated with TiN on the right tibia and two uncoated implants on the left. The animals were killed after 5, 10, 20, 30, or 60 days. Another 18 implants were used for surface roughness analysis. RESULTS: The present study showed that the healing around the TiN-coated implants was similar to that observed around the uncoated surfaces. CONCLUSIONS: TiN coating demonstrated a good biocompatibility, did not have untoward effects on the periimplant bone formation, and did not change the surface roughness values.

Animals↗