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At least 1,063 records · Page 59Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Treatment of bacterial cystitis with a single dose of trimethoprim, co-trimoxazole or amoxycillin compared with a course of trimethoprim.

A single dose of trimethoprim, co-trimoxazole or amoxycillin was compared with a five-day course of trimethoprim for the treatment of bacterial cystitis in general practice. The respective cure rates were 80%, 80%, 65% and 86%. These differences were not statistically significant. Side effects were minimal. Single dose therapy is recommended as the treatment of choice for bacterial cystitis in domiciliary practice.

Amoxicillin↗
PubMed1985

[Single-dose treatment of acute cystitis with norfloxacin. 1st report].

25 women with acute uncomplicated cystitis were treated with a single dose of 800 mg norfloxacin orally. Urinary checkups were performed 3 and 8 days after therapy and 4 and 8 weeks later. Urinary cultures, bacterial identification and antibiotic testing were performed. Success rate as based on the bacterial results was 96%. Reinfection occurred in one case only over the follow-up period of 8 weeks. This high success rate is due to strict selection of patients with truly uncomplicated cystitis and the beneficial chemotherapeutic effect of norfloxacin.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Eosinophilic cystitis: pleomorphic manifestations.

Because eosinophilic cystitis is rare, the authors present two cases of this inflammatory condition. In one, eosinophilic ureteritis presented as ureteral obstruction; this is only the second such case to be reported. The literature on eosinophilic cystitis is reviewed. The condition affects people of all ages and its cause is unknown. The clinical presentation varies, but hematuria is a constant feature with urinary frequency and dysuria being common. Management is also variable, ranging from treatment for symptoms only to aggressive surgical therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Severe cyclophosphamide hemorrhagic cystitis controlled with transurethral electrocoagulation: a case report].

A case of massive cyclophosphamide hemorrhagic cystitis is presented. A 47-year-old woman with Evans syndrome was treated with a total dose of 56.6 g of cyclophosphamide for 2 years. Six months after the cessation of administration, massive hemorrhagic cystitis suddenly occurred following a common cold. Embolization of bilateral internal iliac arteries was ineffective. Therefore we performed transurethral electrocoagulation broadly for bleeding mucosa. The day after operation, bleeding from the bladder remarkably decreased and further transfusions were hardly required.

Cyclophosphamide↗
PubMed1979

Nondiabetic emphysematous cystitis in two dogs.

Emphysematous cystitis unassociated with diabetes mellitus was diagnosed in two dogs. One dog had chronic recurring urinary tract infection with aerobic and anaerboic bacteria, and the other had urinary tract infection associated with renal glucosuria. In both dogs, the cystitis was resolved with appropriate antibacterial therapy.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Intravesical instillation of dilute formalin for treatment of cyclophosphamide-induced hemorrhagic cystitis in two dogs.

Sterile hemorrhagic cystitis induced by cyclophosphamide therapy was diagnosed in 2 dogs. Clinical signs included pollakiuria, hematuria, and stranguria. The signs were progressive and referable to long-term oral cyclophosphamide administration. Dilute (1%) formalin was used to treat the hemorrhagic cystitis. Clinical control of hemorrhage was achieved in both cases, and hemorrhage did not recur.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

[On the clinical effects of cefotiam on acute cystitis and changes in form of E. coli in the urine].

Cefotiam (CTM) was administered to female patients suffering from acute cystitis to examine its clinical efficacy and changes in form of the bacteria in urine. CTM was administered to 15 female patients with acute cystitis once a day for three consecutive days (1 g/time in 13 cases, and 0.5 g/time in 2 cases). The overall clinical efficacy was 100%. Bacteriological examination, revealed 13 cases of single infection by E. coli, and one case of E. coli and S. epidermidis (MIC: 0.78 micrograms/ml). MIC of E. coli ranged from 0.05 to 0.78 micrograms/ml. All of the strains were eradicated, the eradication efficacy being 100%. The forms of bacteria in the urine after the administration of CTM were examined in 8 cases (all due to E. coli). Bacteria in urine disappeared or formed a spherical form 5 minutes after the administration of CTM. Disappearance of E. coli was observed in 7 cases at 15 or 30 minutes after drug administration, and with the disappearance, improvements were also observed in the urinary findings. Of these cases, the urinary concentration of CTM was measured in 4 cases. It ranged from 296 to 6,893 micrograms/ml at 5 minutes after the administration. In one case of deficient excretion in urine, filamentation was observed, and with the rise in CTM concentration in urine, granular changes were observed in the shape of bacteria. CTM's excellent clinical efficacy was substantiated by the changes in the form of bacteria in urine.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1982

O, K, H and fimbrial antigens in Escherichia coli serotypes associated with pyelonephritis and cystitis.

O:K:H serotype determination of 267 E. coli strains from patients with pyelonephritis or cystitis led us to tentatively consider some O:K:H types, e.g. O6:K2:H1 as pyelonephritis and e.g. O6:K13:H1 as cystitis associated types. By means of crossed immunoelectrophoresis (CIE) several strains of such special O:K:H serotypes were examined for presence of the previously described fimbrial antigens, F7 and F8. Three new F antigens were designated F10, F11 and F12. The fimbrial structures of these antigens were demonstrated by immunoelectron microscopy (IEM). Based on the haemagglutinating (HA) capacity of the strains it was possible to separate differently fimbriated organisms of the same strain. The bacteria which agglutinate human erythrocytes could be absorbed out of the mixture when the erythrocytes were removed by sedimentation. When the bacteria in the supernatant no longer agglutinated human erythrocytes they were regarded as HA absorbed and were compared with non-HA absorbed bacteria for their ability to attach to epithelial cells from the urinary tract. Hence, it was concluded that F7, F8 and F10 caused haemagglutination and were responsible for the attachment to urinary epithelial cells, while the fimbriae antigenically termed pseudotype 1 did not induce haemagglutination and played little or no role for the attachment to this kind of epithelial cells.

Adhesins, Escherichia coli↗
PubMed1983

[Emphysematous cystitis. A propos of a case].

A case of emphysematous cystitis in a diabetic patient is reported. The disease was discovered and diagnosed on radiological findings. Emphysematous cystitis occurs in diabetic patients after a urinary tract infection by gas producing microorganisms, especially if there is an obstacle on the urethra or cervix. Radiological changes may be transient and may disappear under antibiotic therapy.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Eosinophilic food-induced cystitis.

In this work we study a case of eosinophilic cystitis induced by the ingestion of some specific foodstuffs (tomatoes, coffee, carrots) and strong smells (petrol) in a female patient with clinical history of extrinsic permanent rhinitis and Quincke's oedema. Skin tests and RAST showed specific antibodies against Dermatophagoides Pteronyssimus, Farinae, Alternaria and Cladosporium. These antigens were related to the rhinosinusitis and facial oedema. Provocative tests were used to make the definitive diagnosis. They were carried out when the patient was symptomless and the following parameters were taken into account: the time elapsed estil the appearance of the symptoms, the intensity of urinary symptoms, polakiuria, urgency and prepubic pain, cystoscopy, bladder histology, urine volume and pre-and post-test histaminuria in 24 hours. Bladder histology subsequent to the intake of tomato showed capillary congestion and severe inflammatory infiltration with a clear predominance of eosinophils. The histaminuria values after the ingestion of tomatoes, carrots and coffee were superior to basal determinations, amounting to a maximum of 1229 mcg./l. in 24 hours. The allergic origin of these eosinophilic cystitis is proved by the appearance of urologic symptoms and eosinophilic infiltration of the bladder subsequent to provocative tests, which subside when the antigens which bring them about are removed.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Haemorrhagic chronic radiation cystitis--following treatment of pelvic malignancies.

Haemorrhagic chronic radiation cystitis is not an uncommon clinical entity, and should be suspected in patients with painless gross haematuria who have a past history of radiotherapy to the pelvic region. A series of 29 patients with haemorrhagic chronic radiation cystitis were managed in the University Department of Surgery, Singapore General Hospital over a 5 years period from 1979 to 1983. Cystodiathermy was the mainstay of treatment and was successful in controlling haematuria in 27 patients. Two patients developed uncontrolled haematuria, urinary tract infection, septicaemia and died giving mortality of 6.9%. Excellent control of haemorrhage can be obtained with cystodiathermy in the majority of patients. Intravesical instillation of steroid or silver nitrate is used for the more intractable cases, after cystodiathermy. Urinary diversion with or without cystectomy are desperate measures to salvage the severe case and mortality is high.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Interstitial cystitis. Current aspects].

Fifty-five cases of interstitial cystitis are reported, symptomatology in these 43 women and 12 men being of a severe nature: diurnal and nocturnal pollakiuria, supra-pubic pain. Disorders were always permanent and had been present for at least 6 months, diagnosis being confirmed by endoscopy. Initial bladder filling demonstrated the most important lesions (Hunner's ulcer) and allowed determination of bladder capacity. Decompression and a repeat vesical repletion showed mucosal hemorrhagic spots, establishing the diagnosis of interstitial cystitis. Biopsy forceps were used to obtain fragments of bladder wall for optical microscopy in all cases and electron microscopy in several patients. Histologic findings were compared with two control groups: a group of 30 patients with pollakiuria and dysuria but absence of hemorrhage during bladder distention; a group of 9 patients operated upon for other lesions and with normal bladders. Extracellular deposits were searched for in freshly frozen fragments (liquid nitrogen) in 10 patients, while 24 patients underwent immunologic tests. Finally electron microscopy was used to study vesical epithelium to detect epithelial cell junction. In contrary, optical microscopy by immuno-histochemistry was used to study cytoskeletal keratin filaments. Two groups in this series were distinguished: one with major forms (18 cases) and one with minor forms (37 cases) of the affection. In major forms, affecting elderly patients with reduced bladder capacity, lesions on endoscopy and first distention were apparent as Hunner's ulcer and hemorrhage covering the non-ulcerated mucosa with petechiae. Initial distention in minor forms showed normal mucosa with, on decompression and repeat distention, the appearance of hemorrhagic sub-mucosal spots in the mobile bladder structures.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Therapy of acute radiation cystitis. A case report].

We report a patient with prostate cancer who suffered from severe radiation cystitis after combined interstitial radiation with 125-Iodine-Seeds and external radiation (2000 rad). This patient was treated very successfully with intramural injection of Orgotein (Peroxinorm) into the bladder wall. Besides discussion of the aetiology of radiation cystitis we report our first favourable results with local and systemic treatment with Orgotein (Peroxinorm).

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1983

[Bladder atonia and cystitis following radical surgery for rectal cancer].

Atonia of the urinary bladder and cystitis are known to be complications of high incidence resulting from radical operations for rectal carcinoma. The authors have established atonia of the urinary bladder to develop after the most traumatic operations of the abdomino-perineal extirpations of the rectum. The urinary bladder atonia is found to result from a disturbance of parasympathetic innervation and development of posttraumatic pericystitis. Electrostimulation of the urinary bladder in combination with antibacterial therapy is recommended for the treatment of atonia and cystitis.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Amphotericin B and flucytosine in the treatment of candidal cystitis.

The causes, diagnosis, and treatment of candidal cystitis are reviewed. It is necessary to differentiate between colonization and infection because Candida organisms reside normally in the digestive tract of humans and do not normally exist in the urine. A diagnosis of candidal cystitis is based on a urine sample culture growth of more than 10,000 colonies/ml. Initial treatment involves removing as many of the precipitating factors as possible. The current treatment of choice is irrigation of the bladder with amphotericin B. Continuous irrigation with a three-way catheter is recommended over intermittent instillations. Oral flucytosine can be added to exert synergistic action in persistent infections, or when renal infection is suspected, or if catheterization is not desirable. The major problem with flucytosine is that many strains of Candida are initially resistant, and some strains may develop secondary resistance during the course of therapy. Because of its potential for toxicity, intravenous amphotericin B is reserved for systemic infections and for those infections refractory to more conservative therapy.

Amphotericin B↗
PubMed1981

Experimental induction of Proteus mirabilis cystitis in the pony and evaluation of therapy with trimethoprim-sulfadiazine.

Proteus mirabilis cystitis was induced in 9 ponies by chemically eroding the bladder mucosa before the organism was inoculated. Comparisons were made in the treatment of P mirabilis cystitis between ponies treated daily for 13 days with a trimethoprim-sulfadiazine (TMP-SDZ) paste and both positive and negative controls. Urine cultures from ponies treated with TMP-SDZ became negative for P mirabilis between days 3 and 9 after the start of the treatment, whereas positive controls remained infected until day 13. Urine cultures from all ponies were negative for P mirabilis on day 28. Urine concentrations of TMP and SDZ were relatively high after day 1 of therapy.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1982

Therapy for acute cystitis in adult women. Randomized comparison of single-dose sulfisoxazole vs trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole.

One hundred seventeen unselected women with symptoms of acute cystitis were randomized to groups for immediate therapy with one of the following four single-dose regimens: (1) 1 g of sulfisoxazole; (2) 2 g of sulfisoxazole; (3) a combination of trimethoprim, 160 mg, and sulfamethoxazole, 800 mg; and (4) a combination of trimethoprim, 320 mg, and sulfamethoxazole, 1,600 mg. Forty-one women were excluded, 13 did not return for follow-up, and 28 did not have significant bacteriuria in the pretherapy culture. Escherichia coli was isolated in 81% of infections. Antibacterial activity was significantly greater in urine collected during the 24 hours after therapy in those who received trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. However, overall cure varied from 85% to 95%, without any great differences between the regimens. The rate of cure of 69% in the 13 patients with presumptive evidence of renal infection (antibody-coated bacteria present) was significantly lower than the rate of cure of 95% in women without evidence of renal infection. Single-dose therapy with these regimens was safe and effective in adult women with symptoms of acute cystitis, regardless of the localization of the site of infection.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Cytology of urine in eosinophilic cystitis. Apropos of 19 cases].

A retrospective, cytological study has been carried out on the urine of 19 patients diagnosed by means of an endoscopic biopsy as suffering from eosinophilic cystitis. The authors have assessed the erythrocytes, the urothelial cells and the inflammatory ones, by means of a percentage count on 1,000 of the latter. In all the cases there was found to be a percentage rate of polynuclear neutrophils of more than 90% as well as the constant presence of eosinophils although in a very limited percentage and the conclusion is reached that it is impossible to diagnose eosinophil cystitis by means of the cytological study of the urine alone.

Aged↗