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At least 1,063 records · Page 59Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Budesonide: treatment of bronchial asthma during childhood.

Nowadays inhaled corticosteroids are the first step in treating inflammation of the airways. It is evident that these drugs are not free of side effects; however, the fact that at present the most commonly used method is by inhalation and that these drugs undergo metabolic changes in the lung, makes them safe in that a part of the side effects, which are observed when they are administered systemically, disappear. Budesonide was one of the last corticosteroids for topical application to appear on the market and its powerful anti-inflammatory action together with in versatility (it can come in aerosol form using MDI or in solution for nebulizers as well as in dry powder) make it possible to use during all stages of a child's development. In 75 children treated with Budesonide over a long period (18-24 months) we were able to evaluate the drug's clinical efficacy in the reduction in number and intensity of attacks registered together with their accompanying symptoms. Significantly (p < 0.001) it were able to restrict the bronchodilatory medication needed to control their asthma. Similarly, we were able to verify that the FEV1 was normalized and that the Peack Flow was stabilized. We were not able to find any interruption in the hypothalamo-hypophysio-suprarenal axis and the weight-height curves continued to evolve chronologically. With regards to the side effects, three cases of colonization candidiasis were recorded through there were no clinical repercussions and treatment did not need to be suspended.

Administration, Inhalation↗
PubMed1994

Incidence of Nelson's syndrome and residual adrenocortical function in patients of Cushing's disease after bilateral adrenalectomy.

Eighteen patients of Cushing's Disease, who had undergone bilateral "total" adrenalectomy 2 to 10 years back, were evaluated for residual adrenocortical function and for any evidence of Nelson's Syndrome. Surprisingly, all patients were discovered to have measurable plasma cortisol, albeit in the subnormal range. The standard criteria for accepting "completeness of adrenalectomy" were fulfilled in 16 patients. It was possible to wean one patient off replacement therapy. Thus, the dose of replacement steroids needs to be regulated according to the blood steroid levels in order to avoid unnecessary hypercortisolism. Radiological evidence of pituitary tumor diagnosed Nelson's Syndrome in 2 patients. Nelson's Syndrome was further suspected in 8 others who showed pigmentation. One of these had an enlarged sella and an erosion of the dorsum sellae, but had a normal CT scan. Another patient had evidence of incidental pituitary pathology (incidentaloma) which resolved spontaneously. Contrast enhanced CT scans of the sella are necessary for early detection of Nelson's Syndrome.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1994

Altered cortisol response and hippocampal atrophy in pediatric HIV disease.

The hippocampus is a major center for the regulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. There is experimental evidence that chronic exposure to high levels of glucocorticoids may be toxic to the hippocampus. We observed elevated mean basal and 60-min cortisol (F) levels in response to adrenocorticotropin stimulation (0.25 mg cortrosyn, i.v. bolus infusion) in 15 children with HIV infection. Furthermore, in eight of the children for whom data was available, in addition to high peripheral cortisol levels, neurologic dysfunction and hippocampal atrophy were noted on CT scan. These preliminary data suggest that in HIV-infected children an altered cortisol secretion may be associated with specific central nervous system damage.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

[Hypoaldosteronism].

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Adrenal Cortex Function Tests↗
PubMed1977

The treatment of Cushing's disease by trans-sphenoidal hypophysectomy.

Thirteen patients aged 24 to 65 with Cushing's disease have been treated by transphenoidal hypophysectomy. There was one incident of meningitis and one late death from myocarditis. No radiotherapy was given. In 12 patients pituitary histology showed Crooke's changes and an adenoma was present in seven. On review of the 12 survivors two to 11 years later, 11 are in complete remission. One patient still showed some clinical features of Cushing's syndrome but steroid levels were normal. In five of the seven premenopausal women normal menstruation has returned and pregnancy has occurred in three. In four patients replacement hormone therapy is no longer required and a further four take only partial treatment. We conclude that transphenoidal hypophysectomy is an effective treatment for Cushing's disease.

Adrenal Cortex Function Tests↗
PubMed1997

[Glucocorticosteroids in bronchial asthma. II. Use of cortisol markers in various biological materials for evaluation of adrenocortical function].

Glucocorticosteroids (GS) being widely used in asthma treatment are sometimes applied in high doses and for long period. This treatment is often connected with adrenocortical suppression. Adrenocortical function assessment in GS treated patients with different doses and forms of drug is of great diagnostic and prognostic importance. In the presented work the methods of adrenocortical function assessment are discussed, especially serum cortisol level and non-invasive: saliva and urine cortisol assays.

Adrenal Cortex Diseases↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The use of a radioimmunologic method of analysis of 11-deoxycortisol for the evaluation of the function of the pituitary-adrenal cortex system during the metopirone test].

A radioimmunoassay of II-deoxycortisol in human and animal blood plasma was developed. The antiserum used in the method was prepared against a conjugate of II-deoxycortisol-3(0-carboxymethyloxime) and bovine serum albumin. Specificity of the antiserum was determined in cross reactions using 32 steroids. High specificity of the antiserum allowed to determine II-deoxycortisol without preliminary chromatographic isolation. Sensitivity of the method enabled to detect 25 pg of II-deoxycortisol. The intra- and interassay variations were less than 10% and 15%, respectively. The method was used for evaluation of hypophysis-adrenal cortex system functions under the conditions of metopirone test.

17-Hydroxycorticosteroids↗