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At least 1,063 records · Page 59Linked to original sources
PubMed2004

[Eradication of adult T-cell leukemia cells and maintenance of remission by the graft-versus-leukemia effect after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation].

A 44-year-old man was referred to Hakodate Chuo Hospital because of progressive fatigue in April 2001, and was diagnosed as having adult T-cell leukemia (ATL; acute type). Complete remission was not obtained even with the application of multiple anti-leukemic agents including CHOP-V-MMV. The patient received an allogeneic bone marrow transplant from his HLA-identical, HTLV-I antibody-negative sibling donor in June 2002. The conditioning regimen consisted of cyclophosphamide, etoposide and total body irradiation. Cyclosporine A and a short course of methotrexate were given as prophylaxis for graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). Engraftment was achieved on day 16, while ATL cells were detected in the peripheral blood throughout the transplantation. ATL cells were also detected in bone marrow on day 20. Withdrawal of the immunosuppressant induced the eradication of the residual ATL cells in the peripheral blood on day 24 and in the bone marrow on day 40. Grade III of acute GVHD developed in the bowel on day 40, which lasted for over 5 months and was gradually resolved by administration of prednisolone and tacrolimus. The patient remains in complete remission 23 months after the transplantation. The clinical consequence of our case clearly shows that a graft-versus-leukemia (GVL) effect combined with graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) plays a curative role even in an early phase after bone marrow transplantation for patients with adult T-cell leukemia.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Detection of HTLV-ImRNA by in situ hybridization technique using biotinylated oligonucleotide probe].

The expressions of human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) mRNA in the HTLV-I-infected lymphocytes were studied in the peripheral blood of two HTLV-I carriers and of three patients with adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) (acute, chronic and lymphoma types) by in situ hybridization technique using two biotinylated single-stranded oligodeoxynucleotide probes complementary to different nucleotide sequences in the mRNA for the HTLV-IpX region. A low percentage of leukocytes (1.5-7.4%) reacted with the probes in ATL patients, while less than 1% of leukocytes was reactive in HTLV-I carriers. These results indicate that a part of ATL cells express the HTLV-IpX, which is thought to be involved in the leukemogenesis of ATL in the peripheral blood of the patients.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1992

[Isospora belli infection in a patient with adult T-cell leukemia].

An adult T cell leukemia (ATL) accompanied with Isospora belli infection was described. A 65-year-old male was admitted to our hospital because of a two month history of watery diarrhea. On admission, physical examination showed slight pallor but no detectable superficial lymphadenopathies. Hepatosplenomegaly was not observed. Laboratory examination revealed a leukocyte count 5,500/microliters with 10% abnormal lymphoid cells. A majority of the abnormal lymphoid cells expressed both CD 4 and CD 8 antigens. The patient was diagnosed as chronic ATL, since anti-HTLV-1 antibody in his serum and monoclonal integration of HTLV-1 proviral DNA in his peripheral mononuclear cells were detected. Isospora belli was found in his feces thereafter, and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole was effective for diarrhea. In Japan, there have been only 9 reported cases of lymphoproliferative disorders (including five ATL patients) accompanied with Isospora belli infection. From the descriptions in those reports, these 9 cases might all be ATL patients.

Aged↗
PubMed2006

[Prehospital life support in trauma patients: basic or advanced trauma life support].

The controversy between Advanced Trauma Life Support (ATLS) and Basic Life Support (BLS) in the prehospital care of trauma patients has not been resolved yet. The purpose of this study was to examine the literature with respect to the type of prehospital care applied to the trauma patients. A total of 76 papers on ATLS and/or BLS for trauma were reviewed regarding the variables such as intravenous catheter application, prehospital fluid resuscitation, transport time, intubation and mortality. As a conclusion, the data in the literature do not support the routine use of on-field ATLS in trauma patients. Prospective randomized trials comparing ATLS and BLS in prehospital management of trauma patients are needed to clarify this issue.

Advanced Cardiac Life Support↗
PubMed2006

[Development of acute type, CD 8 positive adult T-cell leukemia in a carrier of hepatitis B virus--possible therapeutic effect of lamivudine combined with chemotherapy].

Cases of adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) with aberrant phenotypes have a very poor prognosis. We report the development of acute type, CD 8 positive ATL in a carrier of hepatitis B virus (HBV). The patient was treated with a combination of lamivudine and chemotherapy and consequently had longer-term survival than those reported previously. A 64-year-old(corrected 65-year-old) man was referred to our hospital in January 2002 because of ascites and abdominal tumor. He was positive for anti-HTLV-1 antibody and HBV surface antigen. Generalized computed tomography demonstrated bilateral pleural effusion, abdominal mass, and massive ascites. Cytological examination of ascitis revealed numerous atypical lymphoid cells,which were positive for CD 2, CD 5, CD 8, and CD 25. Monoclonal integration of HTLV-1 provirus was detected by Southern blot analysis on DNA extracted from lymphoid cells. A diagnosis of acute type, CD 8 positive ATL was made. Lamivudine was administered for prevention of chemotherapy induced HBV reactivation. Subsequently, he was treated with 6 cycles of CHOP and went into remission. He maintained clinical remission during a follow-up of 13 months and then relapsed. Further salvage therapies were provided with a transient effect. He died of sepsis in February 2004. The overall survival time of this patient was 25 months. It is possible that lamivudine combined with chemotherapy may have had a therapeutic effect on ATL in this case.

Anti-HIV Agents↗
PubMed1990

Expression of P-glycoprotein in adult T-cell leukemia cells.

We have examined the expression of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) in adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) samples from 25 patients. Based on immunoblotting with a monoclonal antibody against P-gp, C219, 8 of 20 ATL patients were P-gp positive at the initial presentation. All 6 patients at the relapsed stage were P-gp positive, and refractory to chemotherapy. The expression of MDR1 mRNA in P-gp-positive ATL cells was increased at the relapsed stage of one patient. P-gp of this patient was photolabeled with [3H]azidopine and the labeling was inhibited with nimodipine, vinblastine and progesterone. These results suggest that P-gp expressed in ATL cells from patients at relapsed stage has the same binding site(s) for the drugs as that in multidrug resistant cells, and is correlated with the refractory nature of the cells to chemotherapy.

ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Mem↗
PubMed1991

HTLV-I-associated leukemia/lymphoma in south Florida.

We report here 10 cases of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) seen in South Florida between February 1988 and July 1989. All were seropositive for human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) and seronegative for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). DNA extracted from tumor biopsies/peripheral blood lymphocytes of nine patients was shown by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to contain HTLV-I proviral DNA. Blot hybridization of DNA extracted from seven patients with an HTLV-I cDNA probe revealed a monoclonal pattern of proviral integration consistent with a diagnosis of ATL. Eight of the 10 patients were women. Six patients were from Haiti, three from Jamaica, and one from the Bahamas. All patients had very aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Two patients presented with sinus and retro-orbital involvement; another had gastric lymphoma that perforated. Nine patients developed hypercalcemia. Eight patients died within 1 year of diagnosis. Two were lost to follow-up. During the course of this study, 66 new cases of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma were diagnosed at this hospital. Ten of these cases were ATL. The prevalence of HTLV-I-related lymphoma in this sample was 15%. Since tissue from all patients was not available for HTLV-I screening, however, it is possible that other cases of ATL went undetected. We conclude from this initial survey that a retroviral etiology should be considered in patients from populations known to be at risk for HTLV-I infection who present with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Biomolecular aspects of adult T-cell leukemia].

ATL (adult T-cell leukemia) is the first human cancer known to be caused by a retrovirus. ATL cells show usually positive for CD2, CD3, CD4, CD25 and HLA-DR, but negative for CD8. They produce a variety of cytokines, including IL-1, IL-2, TNF, ADF and PTHrP. PTHrP is considered to be responsible for hypercalcemia which is frequently observed in ATL. Recently, we reported two unusual cases of HTLV-I associated malignancy; 1) a case of CD4 and 8 double negative tumor affecting mainly gastrointestinal tract and 2) a case mimicking small cell lung cancer. IL-2-toxin, a conjugate of IL-2 and diphtheria toxin, has been prepared as a recombinant product and evaluated for the suppressive effect to ATL cells. Clinical trail of IL-2-toxin is now anticipated.

Antigens, CD↗
PubMed1991

[Localization of HTLV-I-associated antigens in adult T cell leukemia cells and HTLV-I-infected cell line cells].

Localization of HTLV-I-associated antigens was studied in adult T cell leukemia (ATL) cells and HTLV-I-infected cell line cells using monoclonal and human polyclonal antibodies against the viral-related antigens. Two monoclonal antibodies that we obtained by hybridoma technique reacted with HTLV-I-virus core antigens, P19 and P24, respectively. Human anti-HTLV-I-antibodies, which were purified from sera from ATL patients reacted with not only HTLV-I virus particles but also their precursors located in the cytoplasm. In tumor cells freshly isolated from ATL patients, no expression of the virus antigens was observed. When the cells were cultured for several days, the virus antigens were defined in about 3-5% of the cultured cells by the monoclonal antibodies, and in 5-10% by the purified human anti-HTLV-I antibodies. Addition of 5-iodo-2'-deoxyuridine to the culture inhibited cell growth, and at the same time, increased the percentage of the virus antigen-positive cells. Established HTLV-I-infected cell lines showed different cytological profiles from the original ATL cells in the viral replication and morphology.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1990

[Adult T-cell leukemia associated with pure red cell aplasia-like lesion].

An adult T cell leukemia associated with pure red cell aplasia-like lesion was described in this paper. A 51 year-old woman was admitted because of headache and palpitation in October 1988. On admission, physical examination showed marked pallor but no detectable superficial lymphadenopathies. Hepatosplenomegaly was not observed. The blood examination revealed normocytic anemia with Hb of 6.6 g/dl and marked leukocytosis of 18,800/microliters with 43% ATL cells. The bone marrow aspirate showed moderate infiltration of ATL cells and a few erythroblasts. The bone marrow biopsy disclosed moderate infiltration of ATL cells, only a few erythroblasts with maturation arrest and marked fibrosis. The erythropoietin in serum was elevated (686 IU/microliters). To clarify the mechanism of development of the PRCA-like lesion, the peripheral blood lymphocytes (ATL cells) or serum of the patient was added to in vitro erythroid colony formation. The patient's serum increased BFU-E but either serum or lymphocytes didn't inhibit the growth of CFU-E compared with control.

Anemia↗
PubMed1990

[A case of adult T-cell leukemia with diffuse panbronchiolitis].

We have reported an adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) patient with a 3-year history of diffuse panbronchiolitis (DPB). The patient, a 62-year-old woman, had been complaining severe cough and purulent sputa for 2 years. In 1984, she was admitted to Saga Medical School, where her clinical diagnosis, DPB, was made. One year later, it was revealed that she suffered from ATL, confirmed by the presence of ATL cells in peripheral blood and anti-ATLA antibody. This case suggests that ATL may play an important role in the pathogenesis of some DPB patients.

Bronchiolitis↗
PubMed1990

[Multi-stop carcinogenesis model for adult T-cell leukemia].

A multi-step model of the carcinogenesis for adult T-cell leukemia-lymphoma (ATL) has been reviewed here according to the authors observations. Epidemiological studies demonstrated that in most japanese ATL cases the disease developed from those who acquired infection of the causal agent, human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1), during early infancy, probably through breast-feeding. Therefore, the latency period between the acquisition of HTLV-1 and clinical manifestation of ATL can be represented by the age of disease onset. It has been demonstrated by us that the age distribution of ATL onset can be described by a single Weibull distribution function, which is considered to be a feasible mathematical model for multistep carcinogenesis. Based on the present model, it is assumed that age-dependent accumulation of nearly five leukemogenic events, most likely somatic mutations, within the target cell(s) might be required prior to the disease onset.

HTLV-I Infections↗
PubMed1989

[Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma with OKT4 lack of OKT8 in peripheral blood and with OKT4 and OKT8 in lymph node. Study of two color flow cytometry].

Adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) cells usually express the helper/inducer associated antigen OKT 4 with lack of OKT8. However, there are a few case reports indicating that there are atypical cell phenotypes in ATL including OKT4+/OKT8+. The analysis of surface phenotype of peripheral lymphocytes and abnormal cells in lymph node was done with monoclonal antibodies. ATL cells of peripheral blood and small lymphocytes of lymph node had the usual phenotype, OKT4+/OKT8-, but neoplastic cells of large lymphocytes of lymph node had the unusual phenotype OKT4+/OKT8+. The neoplastic cells were immunophenotyped by two-color flow cytometry analysis. OKT4+/OKT8- cells had a helper cell phenotype. OKT4+/OKT8+ cells had a helper cell and a cytotoxic cell. These findings suggest that in this case ATL cells arise from common thymocyte and one of them mature in peripheral blood other remain in lymph node.

Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte↗
PubMed1989

[Difference of antibody profile for human T-lymphotropic virus type-I (HTLV-I) among individuals].

Healthy carriers, patients with ATL and HTLV-I associated myelopathy (HAM) were examined for HTLV-I antibodies of IgG and IgM classes and anti-p 40x antibodies, using ELISA, western blot (WB) and particle agglutination (PA) techniques. IgG antibodies were almost always detectable in sera from all of patients with ATL and HAM and healthy carriers with high titer in the PA test (normal carriers), and the average value of OD 405 was 2.0 +/- 0.3, 1.6 +/- 0.6 and 1.3 +/- 0.7, respectively. In anti-p 40x antibodies, the detectable incidence of HAM, ATL, normal carriers and carriers with low titer of the PA (low-PA group) was 90%, 67%, 44%, and 3%; and, the average value of OD 405 of the antibodies was 2.3 +/- 1.0, 0.7 +/- 0.5, and 0.7 +/- 0.7, respectively. On the other hand, the incidence of IgM antibodies demonstrated in HAM, ATL, normal carriers and low-PA group was 90%, 41%, 33%, and 53%, respectively. Furthermore, the follow-up observation of these antibodies revealed that the antibody profile of individuals for a long time was constant, i.e. in each carrier the value with high OD remained high and the presence of anti-p 40x and/or IgM antibodies remained present. These data has demonstrated that there are considerably differences among individuals in responsivilities for HTLV-I. Then, the antibody profile is mainly classified into 3 groups; hyper-, common- and hypo-immune patterns.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

[High prevalence of adult T-cell leukemia virus infection in family members of adult T-cell leukemia patients in non-endemic Hokkaido District].

Family members of non-endemic Hokkaido patients with adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) were assessed for the prevalence of ATL virus (ATLV) infection. Immunofluorescence test showed that 53 (39.8%) of 133 healthy family members of 23 ATL patients were positive for antibodies of ATLV-associated antigen (ATLA). When seropositive T-cell malignancies other than ATL and healthy controls in Hokkaido were examined, 10 of 33 family members (30.3%) of 9 patients and 3 of 18 family members (16.7%) of 5 donors had ATLA antibodies, respectively. In sharp contrast, the overall seropositivity in this northern part of Japan was 0.73%. None were seropositive (0%), when 26 family members of 6 patients with acute myeloid leukemia sero-converted by blood transfusion during the course of the disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Development of adult T-cell leukemia-like disease in African green monkey associated with clonal integration of simian T-cell leukemia virus type I.

Proviral integration of a simian retrovirus highly homologous to human T-cell leukemia virus type I was examined in cellular DNAs extracted from primary peripheral blood lymphocytes of 31 adult African green monkeys (Cercopithecus aethiops) that were seropositive for simian T-cell leukemia virus type I (STLV-I). Among these monkeys, one case with overt leukemia, showing pleomorphic leukemia cells similar to those in human adult T-cell leukemia (ATL), and five cases in a preleukemic state of ATL-like disease were found. Judging from the integration site of the provirus genome, primary lymphocytes of these leukemic or preleukemic cases contained monoclonally proliferated STLV-I-infected cells, whereas lymphocytes of other seropositive monkeys without hematological abnormalities were polyclonal, and those of seronegative monkeys did not contain the provirus. The restriction patterns with PstI ans SstI of most STLV-I proviruses were identical to those of the previous isolate from this species, but in three monkeys there was a deletion of one PstI site. From the correlation of the development of simian ATL-like disease with the monoclonal integration of the STLV-I provirus genome, it should be indicated that STLV-I has similar leukemogenicity to human T-cell leukemia virus type I, and so STLV-I infection in African green monkeys will be useful as an animal model of human ATL.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Heterogeneity in response to interleukin 2 and interleukin 2-producing ability of adult T cell leukemic cells.

To examine the possibility of heterogeneous mechanisms in the proliferation of adult T cell leukemia (ATL) cells, leukemic cells from 13 patients, nine acute-type and four chronic-type ATL, were examined for the production of interleukin 2 (IL 2) with or without mitogenic stimulation and their response to recombinant IL 2 when exogeneously added. The leukemic cells were classified into four groups, as follows. Group 1 (two patients): Cells of this group produced IL 2 messenger RNA, secreted IL 2, and proliferated when cultured in mitogen-free medium. The spontaneous proliferation of the cells in mitogen-free medium was inhibited by anti-Tac/IL 2 receptor and anti-IL 2 monoclonal antibodies. Moreover, the thymidine incorporation by the cells was enhanced in response to exogeneously added recombinant IL 2 and IL 2 produced by themselves. These results indicate that the ATL cells of this group proliferate with autostimulation by IL 2. Group 2 (seven patients): Cells of this group did not secrete IL 2 when cultured in mitogen-free medium, but the cells showed response to exogeneously added recombinant IL 2 and proliferated in culture. These results indicate that the ATL cells of this group proliferate by a paracrine mechanism. Group 3 (one patient): Cells of this group secreted IL 2 in mitogen-free medium. However, the spontaneous proliferation of these cells in vitro was very low, and the response to recombinant IL 2 was also very low. Group 4 (three patients): Cells of this group did not secrete IL 2 in mitogen-free medium. Spontaneous proliferation and the response to recombinant IL 2 were also very low. The clinical feature of all patients of Groups 1 and 2 was acute-type, and that of Groups 3 and 4 was chronic-type. Thus, we conclude that heterogeneous mechanisms exist in the proliferation of leukemic cells, and that growth rate in mitogen-free medium and response to IL 2 of the cells may have a significant relationship to the clinical feature, acute- or chronic-type.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Smoldering adult T-cell leukemia complicating severe respiratory failure--an autopsy case report].

An autopsy case of smoldering adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) is presented. 67 year-old woman was admitted to our hospital with complaints of fever, cough and increasing dyspnea on October 2, 1985. Laboratory findings revealed high LDH, azothermia and slightly leukocytosis with low percentage of flower cells. CRP was strongly positive. Gas disturbance was markedly. Anti-ATLA antibody using indirect immunofluorescence method was X40 positive. Subsets of peripheral lymphocytes showed OKT 4 dominant. (OKT 3; 67.5%, OKT4; 60.6%, OKT8; 8.8%). A chest X-ray film revealed cardiomegaly and fine granular shadows in bilateral lower pulmonary fields. Diagnosis of interstitial pneumonitis was defined in transbronchial lung biopsy (TBLB) specimen. O2 therapy, steroid therapy added antibiotics were ineffective, respiratory failure and renal failure were progressive, she died by septic shock in 39th hospital days. In autopsy, no characteristic histological changes of ATL were found in lymph node, bone marrow, spleen, liver, kidney and lung. Sepsis was the cause was of death. Finally this case diagnosed smoldering ATL and pulmonary fibrosis due to bronchial ectasia with repeated pulmonary bacterial infections. The pulmonary complications of patients with ATL were discussed.

Aged↗