[Clinical aspects of 4 cases of amebiasis in infants].
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In a study conducted in the rural town of Eruwa on the role of pigs in the epidemiology of human Ascaris infection, adults of Ascaris lumbricoides were recovered from individuals and pigs living in close contact within the households and sharing common refuse dumps for defaecating and scavenging. An attempt to infect clean piglets experimentally with A. lumbricoides from infective egg stages which were cultured from the eggs recovered from the human faeces failed as no eggs were shed by the piglets 42 days after experimental feeding. Survey of faeces of humans and pigs in sampled households in the town had earlier showed that Ascaris is endemic in the human and pig populations.
The role of parasites as etiologic agents in diarrhoea is emphasized. In countries of Western Europe, Entamoeba histolytica and Giardia lamblia are the most prevalent species, although some other 20 protozoans and helminths may lead to diarrhoeic disturbances. Parasitology, pathogenesis, clinical signs, diagnosis, and therapy are briefly outlined. The need for competence on the part of the personnel responsible for laboratory diagnosis is emphasized; also, newly developed immunodiagnostic methods may render appreciable services in doubtful cases. Adequate therapy yields successful results in over 90% of the cases.
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OBJECTIVE: To report on the importance of intestinal parasites in patients with AIDS, showing relevant data in the medical literature, with special emphasis on epidemiology, diagnosis and treatment of enteroparasitosis, especially cryptosporidiosis, isosporiasis, microsporidiasis and strongyloidiasis. DESIGN: Narrative review.
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From copro parasitologic analyses of two years studied between December 1988 and 1990 in the Hospital Center of the University of Sfax, the authors determined the intestinal parasites profile observed in adults. This intestine parasitism is mainly of protozoair type dominated by the amebae and Giardia intestinalis. The helminthes are rarely found. Strongyloides stercoralis of an epidemiology unknown in the region was revealed in some patients submitted to an immunosuppressive therapy. The adult cestodes as well as in Child doesn't seen to constitute a major parasitism in Sfax.
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Infection rate of imported monkeys, under this study, with intestinal protozoa is higher than the infection rate with intestinal nematodes. Mostly encountered protozoa were E. coli, E. nana, E. histolytica and I. butschlii. Formalin-Ether concentration method yielded higher % positive for E. histolytica than the culture method using Tanabe-Chiba medium, but the results obtained from these 2 methods correlate perfectly well with each other. Efficacy of thiabendazole against intestinal nematodes such as Strongyloides, Trichuris, Physaloptera, Oesophagostomum and Capillaria was very satisfactory.
Stools of 1,368 randomly selected children living in Niamey (Niger) were examined using two different parasitologic methods. One or more pathogenic parasites were recovered in 678 children (49.6%). Parasitic infections developed early and increased significantly after the age of two, which is the usual age for weaning. The most common parasitic infections were giardiasis (31.7%) and amebiasis (12.8%). The only commonly recovered helminth was Hymenolepis nana (10.8%). This predominance of intestinal protozoa is typical of Sahel pathology.
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