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At least 1,045 records · Page 58Linked to original sources
PubMed2004

Verrucous carcinoma of the temporal bone: a wolf clothed in wool.

Verrucous carcinomas are rare tumors that predominantly affect the head and neck region. A paradox of slow, aggressive invasion, apparent lymphadenopathy, yet seemingly bland histopathology, they can beguile unwary clinicians into multiple diagnostic biopsies and regional lymphadenectomy. We report a rare verrucous carcinoma of the temporal bone associated with extensive destruction around the skull base. Placed in the context of the few reports involving this site, extratemporal spread may be associated with a uniformly poor prognosis regardless of the treatment modality. Given new insights into the pathophysiology of this tumor, palliative radiotherapy may be a more appropriate primary treatment compared with the significant local morbidity associated with surgery.

Case Reports↗
PubMed1999

Reduction in wool follicles prior to birth in Merino sheep.

This study was undertaken to identify whether all secondary follicles that are initiated are present at birth in the Merino fetus, and if not, when does net initiation of secondary follicles cease. Skin was sampled from fetal lambs at 36, 26 and 16 days before the estimated date of parturition and from lambs at birth and 2, 4, 6, 8 and 13 weeks after birth. The ratio of secondary to primary follicles (S/P) reached a maximum 16 days before birth and was significantly lower at birth (P<0.002) and at all postnatal ages (P<0.05). There was no difference between S/P at birth and S/P at later ages. Postnatal primary follicle density, secondary follicle density and the percentage of fibre-producing follicles followed similar patterns to those reported by others. This is the first conclusive demonstration that secondary follicle initiation is completed several weeks prior to birth and that there are less secondary follicles at birth than at 134 days of gestation.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Estimating rock and slag wool fiber dissolution rate from composition.

A method was tested for calculating the dissolution rate constant in the lung for a wide variety of synthetic vitreous silicate fibers from the oxide composition in weight percent. It is based upon expressing the logarithm of the dissolution rate as a linear function of the composition and using a different set of coefficients for different types of fibers. The method was applied to 29 fiber compositions including rock and slag fibers as well as refractory ceramic and special-purpose, thin E-glass fibers and borosilicate glass fibers for which in vivo measurements have been carried out. These fibers had dissolution rates that ranged over a factor of about 400, and the calculated dissolution rates agreed with the in vivo values typically within a factor of 4. The method presented here is similar to one developed previously for borosilicate glass fibers that was accurate to a factor of 1.25. The present coefficients work over a much broader range of composition than the borosilicate ones but with less accuracy. The dissolution rate constant of a fiber may be used to estimate whether disease would occur in animal inhalation or intraperitoneal injection studies of that fiber.

Aluminum Oxide↗
PubMed1990

Structure and expression of genes for a class of cysteine-rich proteins of the cuticle layers of differentiating wool and hair follicles.

The major histological components of the hair follicle are the hair cortex and cuticle. The hair cuticle cells encase and protect the cortex and undergo a different developmental program to that of the cortex. We report the molecular characterization of a set of evolutionarily conserved hair genes which are transcribed in the hair cuticle late in follicle development. Two genes were isolated and characterized, one expressed in the human follicle and one in the sheep follicle. Each gene encodes a small protein of 16 kD, containing greater than 50 cysteine residues, ranging from 31 to 36 mol% cysteine. Their high cysteine content and in vitro expression data identify them as ultra-high-sulfur (UHS) keratin proteins. The predicted proteins are composed almost entirely of cysteine-rich and glycine-rich repeats. Genomic blots reveal that the UHS keratin proteins are encoded by related multigene families in both the human and sheep genomes. Tissue in situ hybridization demonstrates that the expression of both genes is localized to the hair fiber cuticle and occurs at a late stage in fiber morphogenesis.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1977

Isolated hapten-binding receptors of sensitized lymphocytes. II. Receptors from nylon wool-enriched rabbit T lymphocytes lack serological determinants of immunoglobulin constant domains but carry the A locus allotypic markers.

Hapten-binding receptor material was isolated from sensitized rabbit lymphocytes by a method described previously for murine receptor material. The material was separated into a fraction expressing immunoglobulin determinants (anti-Ig+ fraction) and a fraction lacking known class and type-specific determinants of Ig constant domains (anti-Ig- fraction). We present evidence in support of the notion that--in analogy to the mouse system--the anti-Ig+ fraction is B-cell-derived, whereas the anti-Ig- fraction originates from T lymphocytes. Receptors of the anti-Ig- phenotype are found to express a locus allotypic determinants and, thus, appear to carry variable portions of immunoglobulin heavy chains.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

Lung fibre burden in lung cancer cases employed in the rock and slag wool industry.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the relationship between estimated exposure to man-made vitreous fibres (MMVF) and to asbestos fibres and their concentration in the lung tissue of lung cancer cases amongst MMVF production workers. METHODS: Retrospective retrieval of available lung tissue specimens was conducted following a case-control study that assessed estimated occupational exposures of MMVF workers. Fibre recovery and analysis by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were conducted to determine fibre type, fibre dimension and numbers per gram of dry lung tissue. For cases with detailed exposure data, geometric mean (GM) concentrations were compared across the exposure categories, and regression models were used to investigate the relationship between the lung fibres and the variables of estimated exposure, with and without additional variables that may affect fibre retention. RESULTS: A total of 24 samples from 17 cases of lung cancer were available for analysis: MMVF were detected in all cases. Asbestos fibres were detected in 16. No difference or trend in GM MMVF concentration was observed across the estimated exposure categories. Odds ratio (OR) for MMVF g(-1) dry lung was 0.5 (95% confidence interval: 0.1-2.4) for the second, and 3.5 (0.6-18.9) for the third quartile of index of average exposure to MMVF in industry, compared with the first (lowest exposed) quartile (no cases in the highest quartile). CONCLUSIONS: No observable relationship existed between estimated exposure and directly-measured lung fibres among this sample of cases. Retrospective specimen collection, intra-individual variability in fibre concentration, effect of unknown factors on fibre retention and small sample size militated against this study providing evidence for or against a relationship between estimated exposure and lung fibre concentrations.

Adult↗