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PubMed1992

Ehlers-Danlos syndrome: a case report.

A 13-year-old male patient classified as Type VIII, Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, in which the typical periodontal findings are not seen, is presented. The patient has many partially erupted deciduous teeth and partially erupted mandibular permanent incisors. It is suggested that Type VIII has two subdivisions. In subdivision A there is periodontal involvement with a normal eruption pattern; subdivision B has no periodontal involvement, but the teeth do not erupt.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Central representation of dental structures in the kitten, including projections to the mesencephalic trigeminal nucleus.

Horseradish peroxidase (HRP) was injected into either a single maxillary or a single mandibular primary (deciduous) cuspid tooth of 8- to 10-week-old kittens. The large apex of the primary cuspid allowed for some leakage of the HRP from the pulpal chamber to the periodontal ligament (PDL). Thus, the injection procedure resulted in the application of HRP to the PDL as well as to the pulpal tissues. The transganglionic transport of HRP resulted in discrete terminal fields within the spinal trigeminal nucleus (STN) and the main sensory nucleus (MSN). These projections were clearly somatotopically organized within the STN, but less so within MSN. Within pars oralis (PO) and pars interpolaris (PI), mandibular cuspid dental structures (MdCDS) were represented in a dorsal position relative to the maxillary cuspid dental structures (MxCDS), whereas within pars caudalis (PC) and the adjacent reticular formation the somatotopic representation was not dorsoventral, but rather mediolateral, with the MdCDS represented more medially than the MxCDS. Areas of overlap between MxCDS and MdCDS were found within MSN and to a lesser degree within the superficial laminae of PC. In addition, the fiber pathway leading to labeled somata in the mesencephalic trigeminal (Mes V) nucleus was clearly identified. The majority of the fibers traced to the Mes V nucleus exited the spinal trigeminal tract at the level of the transition from PO to the MSN and traversed the nuclear region in a position dorsal to and separate from the trigeminal motor tract. As in STN, fibers within the caudal Mes V tract appeared to be somatotopically organized, with the fibers from the MdCDS generally more dorsal than the ones from the MxCDS. Labeled fibers, some with terminal arbors, were also identified in close association with the trigeminal motor tract. The findings show a complex pattern of central representation in the immature feline central nervous system for deciduous dental structures.

Afferent Pathways↗
PubMed1989

[A case of horizontal impaction of mandibular left and right deciduous central incisors].

This paper reports on a rare case of horizontal impaction of the mandibular left and right deciduous central incisors. The patient was a 4 year and 7-month-old-girl at the time of first visit to our clinic. She had no previous history, and there was no family history or anomaly in her general physical condition. All the deciduous teeth except the mandibular left and right deciduous central incisors had already erupted. The right deciduous central incisor was impacted completely and the left one erupted with its incisal edge about 2 mm at the lingual gingiva. In the X-ray examination, the horizontal impaction of the mandibular left and right deciduous incisors were noted. There were no cysts, odontoma or tumors. Both of them were extracted to prevent loss of space for the permanent central incisors. Each root of both teeth was curved 90 degrees in the lingual direction at half of length of the root. There was no anomaly of figure and color in their crowns. In the histopathologic examination, there was no anomaly except for the small root resorption at the labial and lingual sides. 3 years and 3 months after extraction of the deciduous central incisors, approximately two thirds of the crowns of the left and right mandibular permanent central incisors have erupted. Both of them incline to the lingual direction and rotate and there is a space of about 5 mm between them. This case is still under observation.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed2006

Problems of supernumerary teeth, hyperdontia or dentes supernumerarii.

Supernumerary teeth are extra teeth or toothlike structures which may have either erupted or unerupted in addition to the 20 deciduous teeth and the 32 permanent teeth. This article provides an overview of frequency, distribution and classification of supernumerary teeth. The etiology of supernumerary teeth is still unknown, yet various theories have been presented based on epidemiological studies. Four clinical cases representing the possible manifestations of supernumerary teeth are discussed.

Humans↗
PubMed1991

[Double teeth in primary dentition and findings of permanent successors].

Prevalence of double teeth in primary dentition of 0.5% was established in the sample of 2.987 preschool children of Zagreb. Between children with double teeth 60% were female and 40% males. Fusion ocurred in 66.7 percent and germination in 33.3 percent in the sample of children having double teeth. In all children with double teeth orthopantomograms were taken. Analysis of radiographs revealed anomalies of permanent successors in 53.3 percent of all children with double primary teeth. In children with germination in primary dentition anomalies of permanent teeth were present in 20 percent (hyperdontia in all cases), while fusion of deciduous teeth was accompanied by abnormal finding (hypodontia) in permanent dentition in 70 percent. Obtained results pointed out to the need of distinction between type of double teeth in primary dentition, i.e. between fusion and germination because chance of lacking the permanent successors is considerably dependent on the type of anomaly.

Anodontia↗
PubMed2003

Fused supernumeraries in deciduous dentition: a case report.

The occurrence of supernumerary teeth and fusion of two teeth is not a very rare findings but the fusion of two supernumeraries especially in primary is very rare. Reported here, is a case of three supernumerary teeth present in the same region, out of which two of them were fused with each other. Since the interference with the normal eruption of the permanent successor was anticipated, the fused supernumeraries were extracted.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed2005

Diagnosis and prevention of maxillary cuspid impaction.

Early diagnoses and prevention of maxillary cuspid impactions can save much time when treating patients orthodontically. Effective recognition and interception requires initial diagnosis at the dental age of about eight years. When a cuspid bulge is absent, diagnosis with oriented lateral and frontal radiographs is advocated and has been shown to aid in the positive recognition of lingually positioned unerupted maxillary cuspids at risk for impaction. Recommended treatment is early removal of maxillary deciduous cuspids and perhaps deciduous first premolars. Lateral and frontal radiographs should be taken at six-month intervals to follow the intra-bony eruptive movement of the permanent cuspids until they have entered the oral cavity. Failure to diagnose and intercept the potentially impacted cuspid often leads to serious malpositions that require extensive mechanical therapy for proper alignment and good function.

Child↗
PubMed1990

Electrochemical impedance characterization of human and bovine enamel.

The alternating current impedance characteristics of human and bovine enamel slices were measured in vitro. An electrochemical cell containing two platinum gauze electrodes and 0.01 mol/L KCl buffered to pH 7.4 at 20 degrees C was used. The electrodes were attached to a potentiostat that was connected to a microcomputer-controlled frequency-response analyzer. Measurements were made at discrete frequencies between 1 Hz and 65 kHz by application of a sinusoidal potential of 50 mV (rms) across the assembled cell. The impedance was calculated from the input potential and the resulting measured flow of current. For quantitative evaluation of these measurements, an equivalent circuit was postulated. It contained five passive electronic components and accurately modeled the different specimens. Values for individual electrical components in the equivalent circuit were estimated by complex non-linear least-squares regression analysis. This study demonstrated that it is possible to measure and quantitatively distinguish between the impedance characteristics of: permanent human, deciduous human, and bovine enamel, as well as the enamel from a variety of sites from human teeth, some of which had been extracted prior to being fully erupted. Proposals are made as to which physical properties in the specimens are modeled by individual components in the equivalent circuit.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Effects of removing inferior alveolar neurovascular structures on mandibular growth and the eruption of permanent dentition in puppies.

Investigation was performed on the effects of removing the inferior alveolar neurovascular structures on the permanent dentition and mandibular growth. Five puppies with erupted deciduous teeth had the inferior alveolar neurovascular structures removed unilaterally. When the test animals were 28 weeks old, examination revealed that the deciduous teeth on the side operated had exfoliated but permanent teeth did not replace them. On the other hand, the permanent teeth on the side not operated on replaced the exfoliated deciduous teeth. After a second period of 28 weeks, the germs of the permanent teeth on the side operated on were still buried in the mandibular bone, and the permanent teeth on the side not operated on erupted normally. Mandibular measurements demonstrated that translative and transformative growth and developmental processes were normal in both the sides operated on and the sides not operated on.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

Two interceptive approaches to palatally displaced canines: a prospective longitudinal study.

This study evaluated the effectiveness of two interceptive approaches to palatally displaced canines (PDCs), ie, extraction of the deciduous canines alone and in association with the use of a cervical pull headgear. The prospective longitudinal design of the investigation included 46 subjects with PDC (62 maxillary canines) who were randomly assigned to one of three groups (1) a group that underwent the extraction of the deciduous canine only, (2) a group that received in addition the use of a cervical pull headgear, and (3) an untreated control group. Panoramic radiographs were evaluated at initial observation (T1) and after an average period of 18 months (T2). Cervical vertebral maturation was assessed on lateral cephalograms at T1. Successful or unsuccessful canine eruption was assessed 48 months after T1. The between-group statistical comparisons were performed on the T1-T2 changes in the diagnostic parameters on panoramic radiographs, the prevalence rates of successful canine eruption, and the amount of time for canine eruption. The removal of the deciduous canine as an isolated measure to intercept palatal displacement of maxillary canines showed a prevalence rate of 50% success, which was not significantly greater than the success rate in untreated controls. The use of a headgear in addition to the extraction of the deciduous canine induced successful eruption in 80% of the cases, with a significant improvement in the measures for intraosseous canine position. There was no significant difference between the two interceptive approaches in the time required for canine eruption.

Cephalometry↗
PubMed2002

Analysis of the morbidity of submerged deciduous molars: the use of imaging techniques.

A case is presented of a 13-year-old patient who had a class I occlusion on a class I skeletal base but with a retained and submerged deciduous molar causing impaction of the second premolar. Diagnostic imaging illustrates the potential challenges of the removal of the retained deciduous molar. Magnetic resonance imaging used to identify the path of the inferior alveolar neurovascular bundle clearly delineates its intimate association with the impacted teeth and underscores the risk of trauma during extraction. This is discussed with regard to other cases of submerged molars, and a strategy is outlined.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Severe Infra-occlusion and failed eruption of deciduous molars associated with eruptive and developmental disturbances in the permanent dentition: a report of 28 selected cases.

Retrospective analysis of 28 children suffering from severe infra-occlusion and/or primary failure of eruption of deciduous molars revealed an association with eruptive and developmental disturbances in the permanent dentition, including ectopically placed teeth and aplasia of teeth. Taurodont permanent molars were evident in 19 of the 28 selected cases which suggests a possible developmental relationship between these factors. Problems in relation to treatment of these cases are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Facial swelling associated with impaction of the deciduous and permanent maxillary fourth premolars in a dog with patent ductus arteriosus.

A three-year-old Labrador retriever was referred for decreased appetite, a painful swelling in the region of the maxillary right fourth premolar, and a heart murmur indicative of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) diagnosed 1.5-weeks prior to presentation. Oral examination and intraoral dental radiographs showed impaction of the maxillary right fourth premolar surrounded by reactive alveolar bone. Necrotic bone, remnants of the deciduous maxillary right fourth premolar, and the impacted permanent maxillary right fourth premolar were removed following surgical exploration of the area. The PDA was repaired without complication 2-weeks following oral surgery. The extraction site was healing appropriately, and the dog's inappetence and painful facial swelling had resolved.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[The impacted upper cuspid].

Impacted upper cuspids may give rise to problems, such as the formation of cysts and the resorption of adjacent teeth. Early diagnosis (before the age of 12) is important. Proper timing of extraction of the deciduous cuspid may lead to spontaneous correction. When the position of the cuspid is unclear, orthopantomography and a lateral skull film may be helpful. Palatally impacted cuspids should be exposed surgically and moved into position by orthodontic treatment. Labially impacted cuspids are exposed by relocation of an attached gingival flap. The experience of the authors with the treatment of 81 patients are reported.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

The surgical and orthodontic management of unerupted teeth in cleidocranial dysostosis.

A common feature of patients with cleidocranial dysostosis is delayed shedding of deciduous teeth and failure of eruption of the permanent dentition. This article describes a method whereby orthodontic forces may be applied to these unerupted permanent teeth to move them into a satisfactory functional and aesthetic position with good periodontal support whilst maintaining their vitality. This method of treatment avoids the need for overdentures or other prosthetic aids which have often been used in the past.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Oblique facial cleft, cleft palate, and supernumerary teeth secondary to amniotic bands.

A case of oblique facial cleft with supernumerary deciduous molars, probably caused by amniotic bands is reported. Besides facial cleft, and cleft palate and lip, there are sulci on the left side of the face and on the left posterior alveolar ridge. The sulci may be impressions of amniotic bands at a late gestational age and supernumerary teeth may also be related to these amniotic bands.

Alveolar Process↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[A rare case with hyperdontia in deciduous and hypodontia in the permanent dentition].

Brief literature data are presented about the incidence of the anomalies in the number of teeth: decreased--hypodontia and increased--hyperdontia, and the possibilities of their manifestation in the deciduous and later in the permanent dentition. A rare case is described with hyperdontia in the deciduous but hypodontia in the permanent dentition, namely: supernumerary II and absent 5[25/5[5 in a boy aged 4 years and 7 months. No family loaded anamnesis has been established nor any deviations in the physical and neuro-psychic development of the child. The necessity of an early and accurate diagnosis in similar cases are stressed upon as well as their follow up care with a view to intentional orthodontic treatment for the best arrangement of the permanent dentition.

Anodontia↗