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At least 1,045 records · Page 58Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

[Empirical analysis of expert social medicine assessment of disability based on the decision of the Federal social court].

Objective assessment of need for nursing care should be based on well defined criteria. In 1993, the Federal German Social Court ("Bundessozialgericht", BSG) has given criteria for identifying individuals in permanent need of very intensive nursing care ("Schwerpfledgebedürftige"), who qualified for benefits granted by the Germany statutory health insurance system at that time. The criteria were primarily based on the number of activities of daily living for which the applicants were in need of help. The criteria were largely, but not entirely, consistent with previously established criteria employed by the Medical Service of the Health Insurances ("Medizinischer Dienst der Krankenversicherung", MDK), who was responsible for the assessment. An analysis of 4185 examinations carried out by MDK in the region of Augsburg in 1991-1993 showed that the majority of judgments were in agreement with the criteria given by BSG. However, individuals with psychiatric disorders or symptoms were often rated by MDK as being in permanent need of very intensive nursing care even if BSG criteria were not fulfilled. Exclusive judgement of nursing dependency on the basis of single activities of daily living appears to be inadequate for this group of persons.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1997

[Social psychiatry and social aspects of psychiatry--on the historical applications of the concepts].

In German language the two terms "Soziale Psychiatrie" and "Sozialpsychiatrie" are used without any clear distinction. In this paper a historical analysis of the connotations of the two terms is made while underlying concepts are not considered. In the 19th century the words social and medicine were connected. At the beginning of the 20th century the terms "Soziale Psychiatrie" and "Sozialpsychiatrie" appeared in German as synonyma. In Germany-unlike, for instance, in the USA-ideas of segregation of the mentally ill and of eugenics were also regarded as "Soziale Psychiatrie". In difference to this connotation "Soziale Psychiatrie" described intentedly ideological positions in the 70's, while a certain of area of research was rather associated with "Sozialpsychiatrie". Finally, a more precise use of the terms is suggested for current discussions.

Community Psychiatry↗
PubMed1997

[Social medicine in the ecology curriculum--Leipzig experiences with a social medicine practicum].

Apart from only offering lectures, Leipzig university introduced, within the scope of the "Ecological course", a newly outlined practical training in the field of social medicine. The topics of this practical training were: living with handicaps: chronic illness; psychosocial problems. The training consisted of two seminars and one attendance at disabled persons' unions and self-help groups. In addition to that, extern experts held lectures on the feasibility of rehabilitation. Each team, consisting of 3-5 students, was expected to write a report on their attendance in order to prove their efforts. Later on, these reports suppled the basis for discussion in the second seminar. The high quality of these reports clearly shows the students' interest in this kind of training. Some especially interested students took an active part in a final scientific colloquium, delivering their own lecture reports. Summing up, this teaching concept proved truly successful and should be continued.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Contemporary social medical problems of the family and issues in medical-social services].

Basing on her experience gained in comprehensive sociohygienic studies, the author analyzes present-day medicosocial programs of family health promotion. Theoretical conclusions are confirmed by findings of special sociohygienic studies. The priority problem of today is, to the author's mind, deterioration of the demographic situation caused by reduced reproductive function of a family, deterioration of the health status of mothers and their children resulting from inadequate performance of the medical function by the family, a higher number of induced abortions and divorces, etc. Among approaches to solution of the named problem are improvement of medical education of family members, promotion of the family principle in public health, development of social service, etc.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Social functioning of schizophrenic patients after 15 years from the first hospitalization (Part I -- evaluation of social functioning)].

Catamnestic data concerning 109 patients, inhabitants of Warsaw-Praga, hospitalized for the first time in the years 1978-79 with schizophrenia (92 persons) or paranoid psychosis-ICD IX number 297.9 (17 persons), were collected in 1993-94. Smaller number and shorter duration of hospitalisations has been observed during 15 years, in comparison with other Polish data. Twenty persons died during the period of observation. In the group of 85 investigated persons-69% were not working at all-15% were fully and 18% partially unable to meet their basic needs on their own-29% were temporarily or permanently unable to function adequately in their marital and/or parental roles, 31% were single and childless. Taking into account the mortality among 109 observed persons (18.7% during 15 years); good prognosis according to social functioning has been found in 48.6% of the group observed at first hospitalisation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

[The need for special care according to the German Legislation of Intersection between Social Care Insurance and other social insurance bodies].

The introduction of statutory long-term care insurance into the German social security system led to connections and need of distinction between the different bodies providing benefits to severely disabled persons. In this paper, a general survey describes the different claims for these benefits based on expert assessment by the Medical Services of Statutory Health Insurance.

Persons with Disabilities↗
PubMed1978

The social behavior of a marmoset (Saguinus fuscicollis) group III. Spatial analysis of social structure.

The social behavior, and particularly the spacing patterns, of a marmoset (Saguinus fuscicollis) group in a semi-naturalistic enclosure were observed for 14 months. Data analysis revealed various changes as the group grew in size from four to eventually six members. Weekly mean distances between the adult pair supported a spatial measure for estrus for the female. Group dispersion, mean squared distance between all possible pairs, seemed to vary with the age composition of the group. Factor analysis of location correlation matrices by 4-week blocks resulted in age-related subgroupings. Each of the adult pair formed an independent subgroup except for behavioral estrus and early infant care periods when they formed one subgroup. The offspring, initially attached to the adults, gradually moved into juvenile/subadult subgroups. Increasing spatial independence was shown as an animal approached adulthood at 24 months of age.

Animals↗