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At least 1,045 records · Page 58Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

The use of lay readers of chest roentgenograms in industrial screening programs.

A study was conducted to test the feasibility of training lay persons to screen chest x-ray films for professional readers in an industrial screening program and to use the International Labor Office classification of the pneumoconioses for silicosis. With minimal training the lay readers agreed with the professional readers on the presence or absence of silicosis in 72.6% of the films and missed only 3.2% of the silicosis identified by the professional readers. The lay readers were able to identify only 17.1% of the pathology other than silicosis; however, it appeared that they identified some of these conditions as silicosis. Considering this, the lay readers missed only 27.0% of the other pathologies. It was concluded that, with more extensive training, lay persons could be taught to screen chest X-ray films for professional readers in an industrial screening program.

Allied Health Personnel↗
PubMed1985

[Color decoding of roentgenograms and scintigrams of malignant lung neoplasms].

The authors have shown that the color decoding of x-ray-radioisotope information on 50 lung cancer patients (150 radiograms and 80 scannograms) raised the diagnostic efficacy. It opens up opportunities for the objective quantitative processing of results by performing histographic analysis of similar optical density zones. These data are impossible to obtain by using common methods of visual and roentgenogrammetric analysis. TV decoders of UAR-1 type are recommended for clinical practice.

Color↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Clinical contact with the trauma patient enhances accuracy of chest roentgenogram interpretation in predicting traumatic rupture of the aorta.

In a previous retrospective clinical study, we reported that clinicians having contact with the trauma patient interpreted widened mediastinum (WMED) in association with TRA with greater accuracy than did staff radiologists reviewing the same chest films (0.96 vs 0.83), while staff radiologists interpreted WMED with far greater frequency than did their clinical counterparts (0.40 vs. 0.27, p = 0.01). These findings may be related to differences in chest film interpretation or to the influence of clinical contact with the patient. To answer this question, data from a study in which a group of four surgeons and two radiologists was asked individually and in a blinded fashion to interpret, without the clinical history, the chest x-rays of 149 trauma patients who had undergone aortography to rule out TRA were examined by specialty affiliation. Sixteen of the patients had TRA. Surgeons interpreted WMED with the same frequency as radiologists (0.47 vs 0.54) and with far greater frequency (0.47 vs 0.27, p = 0.06) and poorer accuracy (0.61 vs 0.96) than they did in the previous clinical review. No significant differences were detected between surgeons and radiologists in the overall rate of interpretation of WMED, in the prediction of aortic rupture, or in the ordering of aortography based purely upon chest film interpretation. We conclude that trauma surgeons and radiologists, isolated from the patient interpret the chest film signs associated with TRA similarly. Clinical contact with the trauma patient may modify what is seen on chest film in a way that contributes to greater accuracy in the diagnosis of TRA. Radiographic criteria for ordering aortography are thus best used in conjunction with careful clinical evaluation of the patient.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1985

Craniofacial abnormalities in osteopetrosis with precocious manifestations: report of a case with serial cephalometric roentgenograms.

Serial roentgencephalograms were taken (from the age of 2 to 8 years) of a female patient with malignant osteopetrosis. The roentgencephalograms were compared to those of a control patient with cleft lip and to other normative data. The calvaria of the osteopetrosis patient was very thick, increasing with age. The intracranial space was reduced in volume, resulting in compression of the brain. Roentgencephalometric characteristics of the facial skeleton included orbital hypertelorism, defective horizontal and vertical growth of the middle and lower face, and poorly developed dentoalveolar structures. The mandibular body was short in contrast to the wide ramus, both resulting from defective resorption of the anterior ramal border. A cone-shaped structure in the mandible extending from the condylar process into the ramus was noted. This was believed to consist of remnants of unresorbed, heavily calcified secondary cartilage constituting part of the condylar process present since intrauterine life. Recent treatment of malignant osteopetrosis by bone marrow transplantation early in life has resulted in some cases in normalization of bone structure and marrow. Serial roentgencephalometry provides a sensitive method of assessing craniofacial development in cases of osteopetrosis and presumably can be used to evaluate the effects of therapy.

Cephalometry↗
PubMed1979

[A technique for reproducible roentgenograms of the intercondylar sulcus for the study of the femoropatellar (author's transl)].

Roentgenographic documentation of certain features of FP-joint geometry and orientation may serve as guideline in deciding on the form of treatment for chondromalacia or recurrent patellar dislocation. Reproducible conditions for taking roentgen films are equally important for this purpose as well as for quantitative measurements and possible statistical work. A new positioning device for the patient's legs has been designed utilizing a parallellogram frame. The roentgenographic technique for skyline views at 30 degree, 60 degree and 90 degree inclination of the central beam relative to the femoral axis is described. The advantages over previous techniques are the ease of handling the positioning frame, the need for only vertical and horizontal adjustment of the roentgen tube, independence of the type of tube or table, reproducibility of cassette and patient positioning.

Adult↗