SEARCH · Search PubMed
Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.
Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.
The clinical manifestations of odontomas in prairie dogs are described. Familiarity with this disease is important because it is common, and the signs of this disease mimic other respiratory disorders.
Ethno-botanic and ethno-pharmacognostic investigations have allowed the authors to obtain data on 94 plants used in respiratory diseases in Zairean child from four tradipractitioners.
A two-year longitudinal, microbiological and pathological survey of respiratory disease in lambs housed for fattening at three-and-a-half to four months of age was undertaken. In the first year samples of nasal mucus and blood were taken from lambs each week for the first nine weeks after entry to a fattening unit and each week one lamb was examined post mortem. In the second year two additional fattening units were included in the survey, when samples of blood and nasal mucus were taken from lambs twice weekly for three weeks after entry and two lambs from each unit were examined post mortem eight to 11 days after entry to the unit. In both years the lambs had a nasal discharge and were coughing. Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae and Pasteurella haemolytica were the organisms most consistently isolated from the lungs, trachea and nasal mucus. Mycoplasma arginini and parainfluenza-3 virus were also isolated. Post mortem examination lesions of atypical, pasteurella-type and parasitic pneumonias were seen. In the second year an abattoir survey of pneumonia lesions was undertaken. Areas of pulmonary consolidation were seen in 27.5 per cent, bands of consolidation in 47.5 per cent and muellerius-type lesions in 28 per cent of the lungs examined. No significant correlation was found between the slaughter weights of the lambs and the extent of the lung lesions at slaughter.
Human metapneumovirus (HMPV) is a newly discovered pathogen thought to be associated with respiratory disease. We report the results of a study of 587 children hospitalized with respiratory infection over a 13-month period. HMPV was detected in the nasopharyngeal aspirates from 32 (5.5%) children by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. HMPV infection was associated with clinical diagnoses of pneumonia (36%), asthma exacerbation (23%), or acute bronchiolitis (10%). When compared to those with respiratory syncytial virus infection, children with HMPV infection were older, and wheezing was more likely to represent asthma exacerbation rather than acute bronchiolitis. HMPV viral activity peaked during the spring-summer period in Hong Kong. Phylogenetically, all HMPV virus strains from Hong Kong belonged to one of the two genetic lineages previously described. HMPV contributed to 441.6 hospital admissions per 100,000 population <6 years of age.
The pharynx viral and inframicrobial flora of 52 0-5-year-old children with acute respiratory diseases was investigated through the immunofluorescence techniques. Results showed a high positivity rate (91% to 95%), the simultaneous presence in most of the patients of two to five antigens and the dominance of parainfluenza type 3 virus. The significance of the pharyngeal flora is discussed from an immunologic point of view.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
From a Danish dairy herd comprising 350 milking cows data were obtained on all (1010) single, liveborn calves dropped over a three year period. Deaths incurred before, during, and immediately after delivery were not included in the study. The mortality rate up to the first few hours after birth was 10% leaving 910 calves to be included in the present study. The overall respiratory disease (r.d.) attack rate among calves from birth up to the end of the sixth month was 23%; the r.d. case fatality rate was 40%; the r.d. mortality rate was 9%. The mortality rate due to ailments other than r.d. was 11%, and the overall mortality rate during the first six months of life was 20%. The economic impact of r.d. in the herd was evaluated using a disease model which, in mathemathical terms, conceptualizes the basic patterns of the disorders within the calf population. The economic implications of various changes in the prevailing herd health status with respect to r.d. are outlined and discussed (Table VII, IX, XI). Also the economic expectations under different sales policies were studied (Table VIII and X). The study clearly demonstrates the versality of health models and how these may be applied to prepare economic forecasts during periods with rapidly changing market and production conditions.
Acute and convalescent serum samples were taken from 59 calves with signs of respiratory disease (cases) and 60 clinically normal animals (controls) during their first month in the feedlot. Sera were analyzed for antibodies to bovine parainfluenza 3 (PI3) virus by hemagglutination inhibition, to bovine viral diarrhea (BVD) virus, bovine respiratory syncytial (BRS) virus and bovine herpesvirus 1 (BHV1) by virus neutralization, and to Pasteurella haemolytica by indirect agglutination (PhIA) and cytotoxin neutralization (PhCN) tests. There was minimal evidence of serological activity to BHV1. Serological activity to the other agents occurred commonly and the prevalence of acute titers and their mean values was similar in case and control groups. Mean convalescent PI3 and P. haemolytica (PhIA) titers were higher in controls than cases (p < 0.01) but, otherwise, convalescent titers did not differ between groups. The incidence of seroconversion was similar in both groups for all agents except for PI3 virus which was more frequent in controls than cases (p < 0.0001). There was a positive association between PhIA and CN seroconversion and isolation of P. haemolytica from bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid (p < 0.1). The measure of agreement (kappa) between seroconversion with the P. haemolytica PhIA and PhCN tests was 0.51. Bacteriological and cytological evaluations of the respiratory tract were made using BAL. No associations were evident between serological titers and pulmonary cytology. A multivariate logistic analysis was used to evaluate associations between disease status and serological, bacteriological and cytological data. Cases were positively associated with the presence of neutrophils and Pasteurella multocida in BAL fluid and negatively associated with PI3 virus and PhIA seroconversion.
A survey is given of the three-level health service for young patient with chronic nonspecific respiratory diseases (CNSRD) in the GDR. The expected prevalence of the diseases in the young population (0-18 years) is 2-3% and still higher in regions with heavy air pollution. The pediatric working group of bronchopneumonology (in the Pediatric Society of the GDR) has organized a country-wide system of pediatric bronchopneumonologic consultation centres in the form of district (2nd level) and county dispensaries (3rd level) helping the local primary care pediatricians and general practitioners (1st level) in diagnostics, therapy and surveillance of such patients. The bronchopneumonologic county centres with all modern diagnostic and therapeutic facilities have a capacity which is sufficient for our country. However the function of the primary care doctors (to spot such children and refer them to the dispensaries), that of the district dispensaries (so far only 50-65% of expected patients in control!), and the availability of lung function test equipment and special bronchoscopic aids for infants and small children (in the county centres) needs to be improved.
The antimicrobial susceptibilities of 421 Pasteurella haemolytica and 158 P. multocida isolates recovered from cattle with respiratory disease were determined with a microdilution minimal inhibitory concentration test system. Isolates were analyzed for patterns of resistance to ampicillin, ceftiofur, erythromycin, gentamicin, penicillin, spectinomycin, sulfachlorpyridazine, sulfadimethoxine, tetracycline, and tylosin. All isolates tested were found susceptible to ceftiofur and sulfachlorpyridazine. Pasteurella haemolytica isolates were resistant to ampicillin, penicillin, sulfadimethoxine, tetracycline, and tylosin. Pasteurella multocida isolates were resistant to sulfadimethoxine, tetracycline, and tylosin.
OBJECTIVE: To examine breastfeeding and the risk of hospitalization for lower respiratory tract disease in healthy full-term infants with access to modern medical care. DATA SOURCES: MEDLINE, personal communication with researchers, the OVID databases, Dissertation Abstracts Online, and BIOSIS. STUDY SELECTION: The titles, abstracts, and text of studies from developed countries were explored for breastfeeding exposure measures and lower respiratory tract disease hospitalization rates. For summary statistics, we required 3 inclusion criteria: (1) a feeding contrast of a minimum of 2 months of exclusive breastfeeding (no formula supplementation) vs no breastfeeding and (2) study populations that excluded sick, low birth weight or premature infants and (3) reflected affluent regions; 27% of studies met these criteria. DATA EXTRACTION: We abstracted data from all relevant reports. DATA SYNTHESIS: Data from all primary material (33 studies) indicated a protective association between breastfeeding and the risk of respiratory disease hospitalization. Nine studies met all inclusion criteria, and 7 cohort studies were pooled. The feeding contrasts in these 7 studies were 4 or more months of exclusive breastfeeding vs no breastfeeding. The summary relative risk (95% confidence interval) was 0.28 (0.14-0.54), using a random-effects model. This effect remained stable and statistically significant after adjusting for the effects of smoking or socioeconomic status. CONCLUSION: Among generally healthy infants in developed nations, more than a tripling in severe respiratory tract illnesses resulting in hospitalizations was noted for infants who were not breastfed compared with those who were exclusively breastfed for 4 months.
A chronic ulcer of the tongue is reported, resulting from the use of inhalers for respiratory disease. This complication was managed by the use of a spacer device.
A preliminary investigation has been carried out on bronchoalveolar cells obtained following lavage in various respiratory diseases. Of 23 cases observed, 7 have been studied in detail, 6 cases provided insufficient material for investigation, and the data obtained from the remaining 10 cases were inconclusive. Considerations are made with regard to the value of bronchial lavage in clinical diagnosis and cell studies.
Histochemical and lectinhistochemical examinations were carried out on nasal mucosa of pigs with or without respiratory diseases. As the results, both acid and neutral mucins coexisted in nasal mucosa of normal pigs while acid sialomucins were mainly observed in nasal mucosa of pigs infected with Bordetella bronchiseptica and/or Pasteurella multocida. Lectinhistochemistry revealed that the nasal epithelial cells of normal pigs were rich in N-acetylgalactosamine, fucose and N-acetyl-glucosamine residues which showed a tendency to disappear in porcine cytomegalovirus infection and to increase in atrophic rhinitis, respectively.
Pneumoconiosis, occupational asthma, extrinsic allergic alveolitis and chronic bronchitis are the major problems among occupational respiratory diseases. The assessment of work capacity in these cases is based on the three criteria: (a) clinical and radiological symptoms and signs which determine the degree of the disease intensity; (b) the kind and degree of the lung function disturbances caused by these diseases; and (c) limitations resulting from prophylactic contraindications. There are numerous functional tests showing disturbances of the lung function. Simple spirometry should be performed as a necessary minimum. While assessing physical work capacity, the measurement of the maximum oxygen consumption is most essential.