Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Practice Management”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 1,045 records · Page 58Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

Effect of weaning time and associated management practices on postweaning chronic diarrhea in captive rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta).

OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to assess the extent to which early weaning and other weaning-management factors affect development of postweaning chronic diarrhea in captive rhesus monkeys at the California Regional Primate Research Center between 1992 and 1995. METHODS: Data for weaning, management, and onset of diarrhea were obtained from daily records. The Cox proportional hazard model was used to assess whether the risk of chronic diarrhea was related to early weaning. RESULTS: Monkeys that were lighter at weaning had a threefold increase in risk of postweaning chronic diarrhea (P = 0.07), compared with that in heavier monkeys. An episode of preweaning diarrhea increased the risk of postweaning chronic diarrhea twofold (P = 0.08). Relocation of monkeys to outdoor facilities in the fall was associated with a fivefold decrease in risk (P < 0.001), compared with that of other seasons, and weaning in 1993 was associated with a twofold decrease in risk, compared with that of other years (P = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS: Multiple factors need to be considered for prevention of postweaning chronic diarrhea, including weaning weight, preweaning diarrhea, season weaned, and weaning conditions that change from year to year.

Animal Husbandry↗
PubMed2003

Difficult airway management practice patterns among anesthesiologists practicing in the United States: have we made any progress?

STUDY OBJECTIVE: To determine the extent instruction and practice in the use of airway devices and techniques varies among anesthesiologists practicing in the United States. DESIGN: Survey questionnaire. SETTING: University medical center. MEASUREMENTS: Questionnaires were completed by American-trained anesthesiologists who attended the 1999 American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) Annual Meeting. Data collected included demographics, education, skills with airway devices/techniques, management of clinical difficult airway scenarios, and the use of the ASA Difficult Airway Algorithm. MAIN RESULTS: 1) DEMOGRAPHICS: 452 questionnaires were correctly completed; 62% attending anesthesiologists, 70% <50 years, 81% males, 44% from academic institutions, 63% >10 years of practice, 81% night duty, 77% board certified. 2) Education: 71% had at least one educational modality: difficult airway rotation, workshops, conferences, books, and simulators. 3) Skills: Miller blade 61%, Bullard laryngoscope 32%, LMA 86%, Combitube 43%, bougie 43%, exchangers 47%, cuffed oropharyngeal airway (COPA) 34%, retrograde 41%, transtracheal needle jet ventilation 34%, cricothyrotomy 21%, fiberoptics 59%, and blind nasal intubation 78%. The average reported use of special airway devices/techniques was 47.5%. 4) Management choices: failed intubation/ventilation: LMA (81%) and for all other situations: fiberoptic intubation. Use of ASA Difficult Airway Algorithm in clinical practice (86%). CONCLUSION: Fiberoptic intubation and the LMA are most popular in management of the difficult airway.

Anesthesia, Conduction↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Error budgets for quality management--practical tools for planning and assuring the analytical quality of laboratory testing processes.

Analytical quality is often assumed, rather than being assured or guaranteed. Given that it is still essential that laboratories produce reliable test results, managers must continue to improve their skills in analytical quality management. This paper shows managers how to use error budgets and charts of operating specifications (¿OPSpecs¿ charts) to select appropriate control rules and numbers of control measurements, taking into account the analytical or clinical quality required for a test and the imprecision and inaccuracy observed for a method. With currently available tools and a little practice, quality control (QC) procedures can be selected quickly and easily, in just 1 minute or less. Future technology is expected to automate the QC selection process and provide dynamic quality control.

Budgets↗
PubMed1997

In vitro effects of simulated gastric juice on swallowed metal objects: implications for practical management.

BACKGROUND: Swallowed metal objects often pose a technical challenge for the endoscopist. We studied in vitro the effects of simulated gastric juice on metal objects commonly encountered in endoscopic practice and measured the physical-chemical changes. METHOD: Razor blades, disc batteries, and pennies were incubated in simulated gastric juice at 37 degrees C. The weights of the objects were recorded hourly. When no change could be detected, the solution was subjected to mass spectrometry to verify absence of effect. The findings were correlated with clinical observation in one patient who swallowed razor blades repeatedly. RESULTS: Dissolution of the razor blade was proportional to the duration of acid immersion. At 24 hours, the blades weighed 63% of the original weight. Double-edged razor blades could be broken with a snare at 15 hours. The thickened back of the single-edged blade totally dissolved in 2 hours. No leak of contents could be detected with disk batteries. Pennies were unaffected. CONCLUSION: Corrosion of razor blades occurs rapidly in the normal stomach. Within 24 hours double-edged blades become fragile and can be broken with a snare. This observation may guide the timing of endoscopic removal. Modern disk batteries are acid resistant for 24 hours.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Profiling resource use by primary-care practices: managed Medicare implications.

Variations in elderly Medicare beneficiaries' health service use are examined using a 100-percent sample of fee-for-service (FFS) claims data from Alabama, Iowa, and Maryland. Provider specialty, group practice type, practice size, and location are found to be significant factors affecting hospital and ambulatory care utilization and cost, after controlling for patient and regional characteristics. These results provide insights into utilization and cost expectations from different types of primary-care gatekeepers as the Medicare managed care market develops.

Aged↗
PubMed2001

Perceptions of and management practices for Diarrhoeal Diseases by traditional healers in northeastern Nigeria.

In Nigeria, there is a paucity of data on the beliefs and practices of traditional healers concerning diarrhoeal diseases. This study was undertaken to provide baseline data for integrating activities of traditional healers into the national Control of Diarrhoeal Diseases (CDD) programme. Interviews of 14 traditional healers, drawn from two large ethnic groups in northeastern Nigeria, were conducted. All but one of them willingly discussed their beliefs and practices. Almost all traditional healers used herbs expecting that it would stop diarrhoea episode. Most traditional healers (n = 11) were, however, aware of the sugar-salt solution (SSS), and six of them had positive impression about it. Ten were willing to be further trained in the preparation/use of SSS, and five reported its past use. Some healers strongly believed that breast-feeding was an important cause of diarrhoea and that, in some cases, diarrhoea was only amenable to traditional treatment. The results of this study suggest that the traditional healers in the region may contribute to promoting the appropriate home management of diarrhoea. However, their perceptions and practices need to be upgraded to ensure success.

Breast Feeding↗
PubMed1999

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, with and without alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency: management practices in the U.K.

Alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency is a common genetic defect associated with the development of severe and rapidly progressive lung disease. This study was undertaken to determine whether respiratory physicians manage patients with alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAT) deficiency differently from patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) without alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency. In addition we obtained physicians' views on who should be tested for AAT deficiency. A questionnaire was administered to 88 respiratory physicians based throughout the U.K. (44 in teaching hospitals). The main outcome measures were pulmonary function tests, radiological assessment, frequency of repeat testing, follow-up and screening protocol for alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency. Subjects with homozygous (PiZ) AAT deficiency were more likely to: 1. have baseline and full pulmonary function testing including dynamic flow rates, static lung volumes, and gas transfer; 2. have more comprehensive assessment with high resolution computed tomography (HRCT) thorax and repeated radiological assessment (with annual chest radiography); 3. be followed-up routinely; and 4. have family members tested for alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency. Testing remains limited for AAT deficiency and is mainly restricted to young patients with COPD. COPD assessment and management is influenced by the presence of AAT deficiency, which may reflect the poorer prognosis of such patients due to more rapid decline. Assessment and monitoring could be simplified to forced expired manoeuvres, although limited HRCT thorax and tests of gas transfer may prove more sensitive to progression of emphysema. Testing for AAT deficiency in the U.K. remains restricted, which will influence the detection rate for AAT deficiency. A wider policy of testing was advocated by the WHO will detect more patients and also influence our understanding of the natural history of the condition.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[Is self-management practical in bronchial asthma?].

The threat and uncertainty involved in an asthma attack reduce the quality of life for the patient. Life quality can be improved if the patient learns self-management principles. This is easy to learn and involves a simple procedure requiring the patient to refer to written instructions in the event of an asthma exacerbation. As a basis for treatment the patient needs to measure maximum peak flow, which can be done with an easy-to-use peak flow meter. A value above 80% of the personal best indicates that the treatment has been successful. By means of printed instructions in credit card format, the appropriate treatment for particular peak flow values and/or symptoms can be looked up and administered. So far there have been no self-management studies providing a definite answer on what interventions are effective and cost-effective. One clear result is that inhaled steroid therapy must be initiated early. Learning self-management patently leads to improvement in the patient's life quality and safety. In the long run this concept appears to be cost-saving with regard to days lost through sickness and hospitalization.

Anti-Asthmatic Agents↗