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PubMed2000

Experience and hopes for telehealth in Tokelau.

The two key factors affecting healthcare in Tokelau are its small population and its great isolation. Both of these make telehealth a critical issue for the development of health services and it is hard to see how the services can develop to a modern standard without a larger component of telemedicine. The Tokelau islands consist of three roughly equal atolls usually served by 1-2 doctors who deal with all aspects of medical care. There is a small hospital on each atoll and each is staffed by a Nurse manager, two staff nurses and some nurse aides. There is a need for a communication facility for the nurse on the atoll(s) without a doctor to consult with a doctor about medical cases; doctors to consult each other; and for doctors to consult outside specialists about the management of cases. Distance education for health care staff is another perceived need. The current communications systems are still basic and although there is a PeaceSat terminal on each atoll it has largely failed to provide the above communication needs and most is still done by the costly telephone system. Recently ITC has been made a priority for the health department.

Health Priorities↗
PubMed1975

HL-A antigens in Europeans and Maoris with rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease.

Using a standard microtoxicity technique of tissue typing, the distribution of tissue antigens in 75 Maoris and 514 European disease-free blood donors was determined. Fifty Maori and 50 Europeans with rheumatic fever or rheumatic heart disease were compared with each control group. Normal Maoris had HL-A3 less frequently than Europeans (P less than .0005). HL-A28 was reduced (P less than .005) and HL-A17 increased in European patients (P less than .0005). In Maori patients there were minor differences in the frequency of HL-A3 and 8, which were increased, and HL-A10, which was diminished.

Europe↗
PubMed2001

Changed oral conditions, between 1963 and 1999, in the population of the Tokelau atolls of the South Pacific.

In 1999, an oral health survey was included in an assessment of the community oral health programme of the Tokelau Islands population. This provided a comparison with a similar survey in 1963. In a convenience sample of 386 children and adults, approximately 30 percent of the total population, the deciduous (number of df teeth) and permanent (number of DMF teeth) tooth scores across all age groupings were higher in 1999 compared with 1963. For 15- to 19-year-olds, the mean DMF scores were 8 and 1; and for 35- to 44-year-olds, the scores were 18 and 4 in 1999 and 1963 respectively. The prominent feature of the DMF scores for those over age 25 years was the numbers of missing (M) teeth. The mean number of M teeth at 20-24 years was 5 and 0, and at 35-44 years, 13 and 2 respectively in 1999 and 1963. Periodontal disease was endemic in adults in both surveys. A serious decline in oral health has occurred over the past 35 years.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

Associations between ethnicity and obstetric intervention in New Zealand.

AIMS: To determine whether the lower rates of obstetric interventions in Maori and Pacific Island women from the New Zealand Ministry of Health obstetric procedures report in 1999 existed also in National Women's Hospital (NWH), Auckland data and if so whether they persisted after controlling for parity and obstetric risk. METHODS: The study population included 43,367 singleton, cephalic deliveries, not preceded by caesarean section at NWH from 1992-1999. Ethnicity was Maori, Pacific Island, or other. Obstetric interventions were explored at two time points: (1) at the initiation of the delivery process: induction of labour, prelabour caesarean section, or spontaneous onset of labour; and (2) at the point of delivery: either caesarean section, operative vaginal delivery, or spontaneous vaginal birth. Independent associations were found by fitting polytomous logistic regression models. RESULTS: 10% of the study population were Maori, 19% Pacific Islanders, and 71% other. Unadjusted analyses showed lower rates of all obstetric interventions for Maori and Pacific Island women. Adjusted analyses showed that rates of induction of labour, prelabour caesarean, and operative vaginal delivery were lower for Maori and Pacific women than for all other ethnicities grouped together. However, caesarean delivery rates overall were not different for Maori or Pacific Island women. CONCLUSIONS: The adjusted analysis did not confirm the association seen in the New Zealand Ministry data between ethnicity and caesarean section. However, induction, prelabour caesarean section, and operative vaginal delivery were less common in Maori and Pacific Island women.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Frequency of eating occasions reported by young New Zealand Polynesian and European women.

The frequency of eating occasions reported by young New Zealand Polynesian and European women was examined. The timing and content of meals and snacks were analysed from 80 self-reported seven-day food diaries from a previous study of 80 young women (39 New Zealand Polynesian and 41 European) aged between 18 and 27 years. Nineteen Polynesian and 20 European women had a body mass index (BMI) greater than 30 kg.m-2 and were classified as obese. Breakfast was eaten more often by the European women than the Polynesian (median 4 versus 3 times.week-1, P = 0.012). Eleven (28%) of the Polynesian women skipped breakfast every day of the study week compared to only three (7%) of the Europeans (P = 0.019). Dinner was eaten more frequently by the European women (P = 0.020) who also ate significantly more meals during the week than the Polynesian (P = 0.039). Non-obese Europeans ate breakfast more frequently than their obese counterparts (P = 0.002) while no significant difference was observed between non-obese and obese Polynesians. The obese European and Polynesian groups reported similar patterns of breakfast consumption which differed significantly from the non-obese Europeans (P = 0.008). The young women in this study did not eat breakfast every day with the young Polynesian women eating fewer meals than the Europeans. There was an association between ethnic origin, body size and eating patterns in the women. These findings in comparison with previous studies in other countries indicate that the frequency of eating breakfast may be declining with time.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Cancer in Niue: analysis of a cancer register 1962-1985.

Cancer is becoming an important cause of morbidity and mortality in Niue. Analysis of a cancer register showed an overall age adjusted rated of 11.3 and 9.9 per 10000 among males and females, respectively. A significant increase in the trend of cancer during 1952 to 1985 cannot be explained by improved registration alone. This study when compared with other data sources on Niue indicated a gross under-reporting of cancer (over 70%). The establishment of national registers for chronic diseases like cancer is the most accurate, economic and technically achievable way to provide population-based information for the small Pacific Island states.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

[The seroprevalence of HIV in pregnant women in New Caledonia: an assessment of 1 year of surveillance].

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the HIV prevalence among pregnant women in New-Caledonia and to analyse the uptake of testing among the patients according to their demographic data. METHOD: The study was based on statistical exploitation of anonymously recorded HIV test results during the follow-up of pregnant women. The first 12-month assessment of this monitoring (April 1999--March 2000) is reported. RESULTS: 88.6% of the 3380 patients were tested for HIV, significantly less in Wallisian and Melanesian groups of women. Two results were positive, which corresponds to a prevalence of 0.66 +/- 0.45 per thousand (0.21-1.11 per 1000) within the studied group. Although our study is not representative of this situation, lack of testing for women undergoing an abortion was frequent. CONCLUSION: This study indicates that offering HIV testing in pregnancy follow-up is fairly systematic and most often accepted. Evidently, there is a need for adjusting of pre-test counselling to the cultural and ethnic characteristics of the woman, to the preparedness of medical staff as well as to the problem of HIV screening in abortion management. Our prevalence data also show that New-Caledonia ranks among countries of low endemicity for HIV where pregnant women are concerned.

AIDS Serodiagnosis↗
PubMed1988

Nauru.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Conservation of Natural Resources↗
PubMed1974

Pacific islands for form federation.

An agreement expressing the desire to form themselves into a Federation of Planned Parenthood Associations of Pacific Islands and to become members of IPPF has been drawn up by island members present at a seminar which took place from 8 to 11 July 1974 in Apia. The seminar was conducted by Dr. Asi Faletoese, IPPF South East Asia and Oceania Regional Office resident officer in Apia with the assistance and cooperation of the Samoa Planned Parenthood Association. The Agreement was signed by representatives of Solomon Islabds Planned Parenthood Association, Gilbert and Ellice Islands Family Planning Association, American Samoa Planned Parenthood Association, Planned Parenthood Association of New Hebrides, Planned Parenthood Association of Tongo, Planned Parenthood Association of Tokelau Islands and Samoa, and the Planned Parenthood Association of Western Samoa. Brigadier Derek Sharp, the SEAO regional executive director, moved a vote of thanks to Dr. Asi for the good work he has done during the past two years in bringing us to this stage where so many of the Pacific Islands countries now have family planning associations and where such a wonderful spirit of cooperation exists between them. Outlining the guidelines set out for all regional offices by the IPPF budget and finance committee at their last meeting in London, Brigadier Sharp told would be members of the new Federation: "Because of budget limitations we will not be able to devote money to setting up an office in the Pacific area for the new Federation, but we will create an office within the existing staff of the SEAO Regional office in Kuala Laumpur to which each member association in the new Federation will correspond direct."

Developing Countries↗