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Psychiatric diagnosis and the oppression of women.

The system of psychiatric diagnosis which has recently been adopted by most western countries has features, which in various ways, work against the interests of women. This is important as the diagnostic scheme is not a theoretical work which will lay gathering dust on the bookshelves in medical libraries, it is a practical tool which forms the basis for the categorization of 'the insane'. Once the label has been assigned, it is then quite likely that the person labelled will be encouraged or even forced to have certain treatments. This may cause disquiet if the initial labelling is suspect. The purpose of this article is to reveal problems lurking beneath the surface of this moderately bland-looking system of psychiatric diagnosis and to show how the Scheme may help perpetuate the oppression of women.

Adjustment Disorders↗

Psychiatric problems in systemic lupus erythematosus.

Four patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) are described in whom there were major psychiatric complications. Two of these patients had cerebral lupus with psychiatric manifestations of the disease together with other features of disease activity and responding to treatment with high dose steroids. The first of these had had a ten-year history of recurrent episodes of depression before other features of the disease became evident; in the second patient recurrent psychotic episodes occurred after the onset of typical multi-system disease. The third patient had had a minor cerebro-vascular accident four years before other features of SLE became manifest, and cerebral deterioration later on in her life was probably due to hypertensive cerebro-vascular disease secondary to the renal disease of SLE. The fourth patient, a young man, had had recurrent episodes of depression and aggressive behaviour for several years and committed suicide at the age of 33.

Adult↗

Mental illness among Polish and Russian refugees in Bradford.

An epidemiological study of first admission to psychiatric hospitals in Bradford revealed that foreign-born people had substantially higher illness rates than native born. Comparing the major World War II refugee groups it was found that morbidity was higher among Poles than Ukrainians. It is suggested that the difference can be partly explained by the lower social cohesion of the former. The resulting marginal identity is insufficient protection against the normal crises and losses of later life.

Adolescent↗

Psychiatric features of adult GM2 gangliosidosis.

The report describes three unrelated Ashkenazi Jewish women with adult GM2 gangliosidosis in whom mental symptoms were prominent, mimicking different psychiatric disorders, and thus delaying accurate diagnosis.

Adult↗

The assessment of psychiatric disability in the community. A comparison of clinical, staff, and family interviews.

Assessments of some of the symptoms and behaviour problems of long-term psychiatric patients living in the community were obtained independently from clinical interviews with such patients, and from interviews with day staff, residential staff and families caring for them. In general, interviews with residential staff and family members revealed much higher levels of symptoms and behaviour problems than either of the other two interviews. These findings have implications for research and clinical practice including the fact that adequate assessments should include the testimony of family or residential staff.

Adolescent↗