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The nursing process in photodynamic therapy.

The results from the TAP Study have been found to be significant, but remember this is not a cure. There are no quick and easy solutions to this devastating disease, which can creep up so suddenly and without warning. Ophthalmologists may be able to stabilize the vision without allowing it to become worse, but the key words are "without allowing it to become worse." Unfortunately, to most patients, it is already worse. Nurses must address the patients' feelings and concerns first, before offering a physical solution that is only a temporary "band aid." After 10 years of working in the area of ophthalmology, specifically low vision, it has come to the authors' attention that a large percentage of patients suffering from AMD display depressive symptoms such as feelings of sadness, worthlessness, and hopelessness, and low self-esteem. Many appear to go through a grieving process. Keeping this is mind, the overall goal in nursing care should be to help patients with AMD use available resources so they have the potential to maintain a satisfying quality of life, physically and emotionally.

Aged↗

[The nursing process].

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Medical Records, Problem-Oriented↗

The nursing process.

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Continuity of Patient Care↗

[The nursing process in helping a family with foreign mother and hearing impaired child].

This case report aims to present a nursing experience involving a child with severe hearing impairment and delayed language development. The patient was discovered during a home visit. At the time she was two and a half years old, but still had not developed any language behavior. She only used eye contact, physical touch, and body language to communicate with her family. She also did not respond to sound stimulation. The results of a Denver Developmental Screening Test (DDST) showed delayed development, especially of language. The child's mother is from Vietnam. The culture, education, language, and environment of Vietnam are totally different from Taiwan. In addition, the mother did not know how to raise her child. So the author tried to follow up on the case. Data were collected by home visits, phone calls, interviews, and communication with members of a professional health care team during the nursing care period (about six months). Data were recorded and it was written a processing analyzed. They revealed five health problems, as follows: (1) hearing impairment causing delayed language development; (2) poor family recognition deviation understanding of delayed development; (3) insufficient community resources; (4) low self-protection, limited capacity for caused by hearing impairment; (5) foreign mother's sense of helplessness about raising the child. The author provided supportive care to the patient and her family, counseled them, and transferred the child quickly to a treatment center. She also coordinated resources and the professional care team in assisting the parents in facing and adapting to the child's developmental delay. As a result, the parents gained knowledge and the ability to make judgments about developmental delay. This fostered a positive attitude on their part and acceptance of the child's admission to the treatment center. The child and family could deal with their problems appropriately because the nurse intervened at the appropriate time with the aim of reducing the obstacles to their doing so. This enabled the child's handicap to be minimized and her potential to be developed.

Child, Preschool↗

[Implementation strategies of nursing processes for an HIV-positive patient].

Aiming at valuing the use of strategies such as teaching and learning methods, the relaxation technique and coping are described in a case study concerning a hospitalized HIV-positive person presenting the Acquired Immuno-Defficiency Syndrome (AIDS). The Conceptual Model proposed by Dorothéia Orem (OREM, 1985), Risner's proposal for the conduction of diagnostic thinking and the Nursing Diagnostic Unifying System proposed by NANDA (NANDA, 1996) were use as theoretical framework. Among the identified diagnoses, three were selected in order to exemplify the planning, implementation and process evaluation phases.

HIV Infections↗