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PubMed1993

[A case of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma after renal allotransplantation].

We describe herein a renal transplant recipient who developed cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma 15 years after the first transplantation. A 41-year-old Japanese man received a renal transplant from his mother for end-stage glomerulonephritis in December 1975 when he was 25 years old. Unfortunately, he suffered irreversible chronic rejection and returned to hemodialysis in March 1986. In December 1986 he received the second renal transplant from his father. In November 1990, the patient developed a nodule just lateral to his right lateral eye angle. He was treated with cryosurgery by a nearby dermatologist four times. However, the lesion did not improve, and he came to our hospital. Cutaneous biopsy specimen showed squamous cell carcinoma. The nodule was resected without decreasing the dose of cyclosporine and azathioprine. He has remained asymptomatic with out evidence of recurrent cutaneous lesions for two years of followup. This patient seems to represent the 3rd case of cutaneous cancer after renal transplantation in Japan.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Cutaneous vascular lesions and disseminated cat-scratch disease in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and AIDS-related complex.

Cutaneous lesions develop frequently in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). We describe the clinical features of four patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) or AIDS-related complex who developed angiomatous nodules involving skin and bone, 2 of whom were scratched by a cat. Some of these lesions were clinically indistinguishable from Kaposi sarcoma. When examined with Warthin-Starry staining and electron microscopy, these nodules were noted to contain numerous clumps of a bacterium. Immunoperoxidase staining with an antiserum raised against the cat-scratch disease bacillus stained these organisms in all patients. Cat-scratch disease is usually a self-limited infection, but complicated or prolonged infections have been described in both normal and immunocompromised hosts. In our patients infected with HIV, manifestations of systemic cat-scratch disease included angiomatous nodules, severe systemic symptoms of fever, chills, night sweats and weight loss, elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and decreased hematocrit. Cutaneous lesions involved the face, trunk, and extremities and numbered 2 to greater than 60; osseous lesions involved the fibula, radius, femur, and tibia, and were present in two of four patients. Treatment with x-ray therapy, intralesional vinblastine, penicillin, dicloxacillin, cephradine, and nafcillin had no effect on any lesions; however, treatment with erythromycin, doxycycline, or antimycobacterial antibiotics resulted in complete and rapid resolution of the cutaneous and osseous lesions, and the accompanying signs and symptoms of systemic infection. In patients with AIDS or AIDS-related complex, angiomatous nodules should be carefully evaluated for the presence of this organism, which can be treated and cured with antibiotic agents.

AIDS-Related Complex↗
PubMed1975

Adenocarcinoma of the pancreas in azaserine-treated rats.

Development of a model of carcinoma of the pancreas in rats was approached by attempting to identify chemicals that (a) behave as mutagens and (b) localize in the pancreas following systemic administration; and then to study the effects of long-term administration. Azaserine was selected because it behaves as a direct-acting mutagen in two bacterial test systems and because tissue distribution studies showed concentration especially in kidney and pancreas. Groups of rats have been given i.p. injections once or twice weekly for 6 months, and rats have been autopsied after 6 to 18 months. During the first year pancreases developed (a) nodules of atypical exocrine cells which seem to represent hyperplastic foci and (b) encapsulated adenomas. After 1 year most pancreases from treated rats are diffusely abnormal and contain many hyperplastic nodules and adenomas, while more than one-quarter have had pancreatic adenocarcimona. Metastases have been observed in lymph nodes, liver, and lung. No carcinomas or adenomas have been observed in control rats. No other organ shows as high an incidence of involvement as pancreas, but renal neoplasms were frequent. Studies with another chemical O-(N-methyl-N-nitroso-beta-alanyl)-L-serine, are at an earlier stage. The tissue distribution of radioactivity following injection of a 14C-labeled sample is similar to that of azaserine; however, this compound is not a direct-acting bacterial mutagen. Rats treated for 6 months twice weekly i.p. have a higher incidence of nodules of atypical acinar cells than did controls, although the number of nodules per rat is few. No adenomas or carcinomas have been found during 13 months of the study. We conclude that azaserine is a carcinogen in rats and causes major abnormalities of growth and differentiation of the exocrine pancreas, including adenocarcinoma in some rats. O-(N-Methyl-N-mitroso-beta-alanyl)-L-serine had less effect than azaserine on pancreatic growth and differentiation.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed2000

Mice vaccination with interleukin 12-transduced colon cancer cells potentiates rejection of syngeneic non-organ-related tumor cells.

Cell-based gene therapy after cytokine gene transfer is being investigated for autologous and allogeneic vaccination in cancer therapy. Here we show that mice vaccinated with 3-5 x 10(6) interleukin 12 (IL-12) gene-transduced CT26 colon cancer cells developed a long-lasting antitumor immune memory able to reject not only parental cells but also syngeneic, LM3 mammary, and MCE fibrosarcoma tumorigenic cells. In contrast, mice vaccinated with 0.5-1 x 10(6) CT26 cells transduced with pBabe neo IL-12 retrovirus cells (CT26-IL12) were only able to reject parental cells. An increase in the total circulating levels of IgG2a and a clear shift toward a systemic Th1 response developed, regardless of the amount of injected CT26-IL12 cells. On the contrary, a strong increase in anti-CT26-specific IgG2a levels was observed only when 3-5 x 10(6) CT26-IL12 cells were injected. Immunocompetent mice vaccinated with 3-5 x 10(6) CT26-IL12 cells developed local nodules for a few days, which then ceased growing. These nodules comprised mainly blood vessels, suggesting that an angiogenic process was taking place. CD8+ T cells were responsible for the anti-LM3 tumor cell memory, whereas CD4+ T cells were not involved. Splenocytes and lymphocytes obtained from mice immunized against CT26 cells were able to kill LM3 cells in vitro. Adoptive transfer of lymphocytes obtained from animals immunized against CT26 colon cancer cells suppressed LM3 mammary tumor growth in tumor-bearing mice. The present studies raised the possibility of isolating CTL clones and identifying CTL epitopes shared by different tumor cell types, which can be a target for cancer therapy.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

[Post-vaccination granuloma due to aluminium hydroxide].

Post-vaccination granulomas a well-known reaction due to aluminium adsorbed vaccines. We report three cases of children who developed subcutaneous nodules at the site of a previous injection of Tetracoq*vaccine (tetanus, diphtheria, Bordetella pertussis, poliovirus). Histologically, the lesions were characterized by a necrotizing granulomatous reaction with eosinophilic crystalline material. This material stained positively with the solochrome cyanine stain and was pink-purple. This aluminium stain enabled diagnosis of post-immunization injection-site reaction due to aluminium.

Aluminum Hydroxide↗
PubMed2001

Calcifying lupus panniculitis in a patient with subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus: response to diltiazem and chloroquine.

Lupus panniculitis has been reported to occur with a frequency of 2-3% in patients with lupus erythematosus (LE). It is most often reported in association with lesions of discoid LE. We describe a patient with subacute cutaneous LE who developed calcified nodules that were histopathologically consistent with lupus panniculitis. She was treated with a combination of chloroquine and diltiazem with a good therapeutic response. The addition of diltiazem may be beneficial in patients with calcified nodules of lupus panniculitis.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Infleuence of a neonatal spleen transplant on hematopoiesis of hereditarily asplenic mice.

Hereditarily asplenic mice and normal litternates were transplanted subcatneously with 20x10(6) congenic spleen cells at birth. Eighty per cent of the recipients developed subcutaneous nodules closely resembling the spleen structure seen ia a normal mouse. The growth of the graft was associated with hyperplasis of the majority of the bone marrow cellseries and an increased number of stem cells (CFU-spleen) and agar colony forming cells (CFC) per femoral shaft. Particularly noticeable was the hyperplasia of the granulocytic series which paralleled the increase of CFC number and of serum colony stimulating factor. The presence of the graft did not modify the erthrocytic seroes and the leukocytics of asplenic mice but reduced the average platelet count. It is xonxluded that the growth of the transplant was associated with the hematopoietic alteration described. These results would also indicate humoral or cellular influences of the spleen on the release of or production of marrow cells.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

[Buruli ulcer. A case report].

The authors report a case of skin infection, Buruli ulcer, which is widespread in several parts of Africa: Ghana, Uganda, Ivory Coast, Senegal and most central African countries. This infection is caused by Mycobacterium ulcerans which belongs to the non-tubercular species Mycobacterium. It resembles Mycobacterium tuberculosis in colour and morphology, but differs in its speed of growth, its nutritional requirements, its capacity to produce pigments with enzymatic activities, its heat sensitivity and its resistance to anti-tubercular agents. Mycobacterium infection follows the percutaneous inoculation of the latter and appears as a painless, erythematous nodule that develops central necrosis and ulceration. Initially, the lesion appears as skin necrosis leading to the ulceration of the dermis and epidermis. The histological lesion shows a coagulative necrosis of the deep dermis and epidermis with destruction of the nerves and blood vessels; interstitial edema is also present. Healing is accompanied by a granulomatous response and the affected area is generally covered by a depressed scar. The authors initially treated the case in question using a conservative approach. A gel (Intrasite Gel) was used whose properties allowed the destruction of necrotic tissue present on the ulcer bed and the stimulation of granulation tissue formation. The layer of gel was in turn covered with a triple layer of polyurethane which enabled the humidity of the lesion to be maintained constant, thus promoting healing and acting as a barrier against external germs. This treatment enabled the skin lesion to be completely sterilised in about 30 days using new dressings every 3 days. Surgical treatment then led to complete healing after a further 20 days.

Child↗
PubMed2001

Office management of digital mucous cysts.

Digital mucous cysts are solitary, clear, or flesh-colored nodules that develop on the dorsal digits between the distal interphalangeal joint and the proximal nail fold. There are two types of digital mucous cysts: one type is associated with degenerative changes in the distal interphalangeal joint, and the second type is independent of the joint and arises from metabolic derangement of fibroblasts that produce large quantities of hyaluronic acid. The two types are clinically indistinguishable. The cysts can be asymptomatic, or they can cause pain, tenderness, or deformity of the nail. Aggressive surgical techniques to remove osteophytes from the joint can produce low recurrence rates. Other procedures to eliminate cysts, such as a simple surgical technique, cryosurgical destruction, or repeated needling, can be performed in an office setting.

Ambulatory Surgical Procedures↗
PubMed2001

[Lisch nodules: description of 2 clinical cases and their significance].

We report two cases of Lisch nodules in both eyes in two women. It was the only ocular manifestation of their Von Recklinghausen disease. The other general signs of their disease were cutaneous neurofibromas. Lisch nodules are melanocytic hamartomas consisting of melanocytic cells containing various quantities of pigment. They can be found in 90 to 100% of neurofibromatosis patients over 6 years of age. They are practically pathognomonic of type 1 neurofibromatosis and their finding is an important diagnostic argument. They must be distinguished from other iris nodules: nevus, melanoma, inflammatory nodules, and development anomalies.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Apparently normal skin in lepromatous leprosy: histopathological findings.

Biopsy specimens of apparently uninvolved skin from 34 patients with lepromatous leprosy were studied histologically. Bacilli were found in 30 of 31 specimens from clinically polar or near-polar lepromatous patients but not in the three from nonpolar patients. A predominantly perivascular distribution of infiltrate and bacilli is consistent with a hematogenous spread of infection. Subclinical, diffuse lepromatous leprosy is found in patients with nodular lesions and may precede the development of nodules. Study of apparently uninvolved skin may be helpful in classifying patients, in interpreting immunologic responses, and in elucidating the natural history of the illness.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Morphogenesis and pathogenesis of chronic lung diseases. IX. Development of reticulinic fibrillogenesis during the evolution of an associated experimental silicosis and tuberculosis.

Well developed silicotic nodules of rabbit lungs were infected with tuberculosis and treated with tuberculostatics. The spatial evolution of lesions, as well as the density of intralesional and perilesional reticulinic fibrils were quantitatively analysed, measured by planimetric and target methods, and statistically analysed. Under tuberculostatics, the size of lesions, expressed in the dynamics of the SL/ST % ratio, rapidly diminished to half after three months. In the some period, the density of reticulinic fibrils expressed by the PA of the target method, increased, with significant differences between treated silicotuberculotic lesions and tuberculotic ones. The correlation analysis between these two divergent changes showed the interfering with other factors.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

[The influence of Ad-AVEGF165 on human malignant melanoma growth in nude mice].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of antisense VEGF165 infection on the growth of A375 cells in nude mice. METHODS: A375 cells were injected s.c into the axilla of the nude mouse. After the tumor formed, we cut it into 16 pieces equally, then transplanted into another 15 nude mice. There were three groups: Group PBS, Group Ad-GFP, and Group Ad-aVEGF. Four weeks after interfere, the mice were sacrificed and their tumors were excised for naked eye and histological observation. The VEGF expression was checked with ISH and immunohistochemistry staining. The micro-vessel density (MVD) in tumor mass was counted by VIII factor immunohistochemistry staining. RESULTS: The visible and palpable nodules had developed at all the injected sites. Tumor growth speed was more slowly in Group Ad-aVEGF than that in other groups. GFP gene could express effectively in tumor mass. Ad-aVEGF infection could suppress the growth of tumors, and there were no obvious side effects. Ad-aVEGF resulted more tissue necrosis, but it had no obvious effect on cell apoptosis. VEGF expression was inhibited significantly in Group Ad-aVEGF, and MVD was decreased accordingly. CONCLUSIONS: Ad-aVEGF interfere may be a new method against human malignant melanoma, whose main mechanism is to induce ischemia, but not apoptosis.

Adenoviridae↗
PubMed2006

Managing skin cancer below the knee.

CASE STUDY: Mr RR, 74 years of age, developed a nodule on his lower right leg in mid 2005. He was offered the option of excision, skin graft and 10 days bed stay with elevation at a private hospital, but declined due to the cost. He was then referred to a major urban cancer institute for opinion. He was advised that the nodule would most likely fall off and that a 'watch and wait' approach was indicated. Presumably there was a clinical diagnosis of keratoacanthoma.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Effects of dietary fatty acids on the early stages of neoplastic induction in the rat pancreas. Changes in fatty acid composition and development of atypical acinar cell nodules.

Diets enriched with fat, especially unsaturated fat, promote experimental pancreatic carcinogenesis, but little is known of the effects of individual fatty acids. The effect of stearic and oleic acid on pancreatic fatty acids and atypical acinar cell nodules (preneoplastic lesions) was studied in 14-day-old weanling male Leeds strain rats (n = 60) given the carcinogen azaserine. Rats were allocated to one of six groups: untreated controls (n = 10), 20% stearic acid diet (n = 10), 20% oleic acid diet (n = 10), carcinogen alone (n = 10), carcinogen plus 20% stearic acid diet (n = 10) or carcinogen plus 20% oleic acid diet (n = 10). Azaserine was administered by intraperitoneal injection in a dose of 30 mg/kg at 2, 3 and 4 weeks of age. When total lipid extracts of pancreas were examined, there was an increase in stearic acid in the stearic acid fed group and an increase in oleic acid in the oleic acid fed group, irrespective of carcinogen treatment. The relative content of all other pancreatic fatty acids was suppressed by feeding oleic acid. At 26 weeks, the number and volumetric indices of pancreatic atypical acinar cell nodules was increased only in rats given azaserine and oleic acid. The enhancing effect of oleic acid on pancreatic carcinogenesis may be associated with pancreatic fatty acid changes.

Animals↗