Blood stream invasion by Newcastle disease virus associated with hemolytic anemia and encephalopathy; report of three cases.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Anemia↗
SEARCH · Search PubMed
Results for “NEWCASTLE DISEASE VIRUS”
Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.
Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.
Rapid pathotyping of Newcastle disease virus from allantoic fluid and organs of experimentally infected chickens using two novel probes.
A system including RNA isolation, primers and two novel oligonucleotide probes (NC22 and VC22) was established to rapidly pathotype Newcastle disease virus (NDV) from infected allantoic fluid; The sequence of the probes is: VC22, 5'-AAGGAGGCAGAAACGCTTTATA-3'; NC22, 5'-GGGGAGACAGG GGCGCCTTATA-3'. Application efficacy of the probes was verified by differentiating NDV that derived from experimentally infected organs. NC22 and VC22 both were labeled with digoxigenin (DIG) and were successful in differentiating NDV strains from the infected allantoic fluid and organs of experimentally infected SPF chickens. The RT-PCR products of NDV isolates and strains were dotted onto nylon membrane and then hybridized with two specific probes separately. The VC22 probe is specific to virulent strains, and the NC22 probe is specific to avirulent strains. The results of hybridization coincide with viral intracerebral pathologenicity index (ICPI). The specificity of two probes and sensitivity of NC22 probe were evaluated. NC22 could detect down to 10(-8) dilution from 10(7.5) EID(50)/ml or 800 fg of viral RNA. The system could be completed within 1 day to conduct experiment from clinical sample to the result of assay, and its potential practical application in clinical assay was discussed basing on specificity, sensitivity and rapidness.
Allantois↗
[Comparative study of strains of Newcastle disease virus in cell cultures of chick embryo fibroblast].
Comparative investigations were carried out with local velogenic strains (2 viscerotropic--Haskovo and Bregovo, and neurotropic--Rosa and Toutrakan) and 6 standard strains of the Newcastle disease virus, belonging to various pathogenic groups, in tissue cultures of chick embryo fibroblasts. The four local strains as well as the velogenic one (The. GB) and the mesogenic standard strains (Komarov, Roakin, and Hertfordshire) were reproduced in such cultures, producing a clear cytopathic effect without preliminary adaptation passages. The two strains studied parallel to the others, that were of velogenic pathogenic type (La Sota and Hitchner B1) did not produce cytopathogenic effect, and the cultural liquids did not poses agglutination activity with regard to chicken erythrocytes. The average infection titers in tissue cultures of chick embryo fibroblasts (TCID50) for the particular strains in an experiment varied in a wide range and proved higher with the velogenic (regardless of the fact that they belonged to the viscero- and neurotropic pathogenic type) that with the mesogenic strains. The TCID50/cm3 titer ratio of the strains with regard to their corresponding infection titers in chick embryos (EID50/cm3) also varied in a wide range, but invariably in favour of EID50. The latter was more strongly expressed for the mesogenic strain than for the velogenic pathotype strain of the Newcastle disease in experimental conditions.
Adaptation, Physiological↗
Hemolytic interaction of Newcastle disease virus and chicken erythrocytes. II. Determining factors.
Standard procedures have been described for measuring paramyxovirus-induced hemolysis. The choice of these procedures is based on the analysis of the behavior of eight different strains of Newcastle disease virus. Significant strain-specific differences in hemolytic activity have been found. The presence of at least two kinds of inhibitors of hemolysis in virus preparations necessitates the use of purified virus when comparisons of hemolytic activities are to be made. In addition, it has been stressed that both hemagglutination titers and hemolysis determinations provide only relative values. Thus, quantitative comparisons can be made only with results obtained on the same day and with the same erythrocyte preparation.
Animals↗
Comparative evaluation of three purification methods for the nucleocapsid protein of Newcastle disease virus from Escherichia coli homogenates.
In the present study, the performances of conventional purification methods, packed bed adsorption (PBA), and expanded bed adsorption (EBA) for the purification of the nucleocapsid protein (NP) of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) from Escherichia coli homogenates were evaluated. The conventional methods for the recovery of NP proteins involved multiple steps, such as centrifugation, precipitation, dialysis, and sucrose gradient ultracentrifugation. For the PBA, clarified feedstock was used for column loading, while in EBA, unclarified feedstock was used. Streamline chelating immobilized with Ni2+ ion was used as an affinity ligand for both PBA and EBA. The final protein yield obtained in conventional and PBA methods was 1.26% and 5.56%, respectively. It was demonstrated that EBA achieved the highest final protein yield of 9.6% with a purification factor of 7. Additionally, the total processing time of the EBA process has been shortened by 8 times compared to that of the conventional method.
Adsorption↗
Isolation of a nonneurotropic line of Newcastle disease virus from a neurotropic parental type.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Animals↗
Antigenic differences among strains of Newcastle disease virus.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Animals↗
[Newcastle disease virus in the populations of wild birds in the south of the Primorye Territory in the period of autumn migrations in 2001-2004].
The paper presents the results of molecular virological monitoring of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) by reverse-polymerase chain reaction (followed by sequence of F-gene fragment 374 p.n.) and chick embryo isolation of samples from the avian cloacal swabs collected in the south of the Primorye Territory in September-October 2001-2004. It shows that before 2004, there were only slightly pathogenic variants of NDV of genotype 1 in this region and in 2004 they were added by highly pathogenic variants of subtypes 3a and 5b. The impact of landscaping features of the south of the Primorye Territory on the environment of NDV is discussed.
Animals↗
Lentogenic field isolates of Newcastle disease virus isolated in Canada and Hungary are identical with the vaccine type used in the region.
Lentogenic field isolates of Newcastle disease virus were examined by restriction enzyme analysis of RT-PCR products generated from the matrix protein gene that discriminates between strains LaSota and B-1, the two most widely used lentogenic vaccine viruses. Isolates were derived from regions where, exclusively or predominantly, only one type of vaccine was employed. Viruses collected in Hungary for two decades were exclusively of LaSota-type while the Canadian collection predominantly included B-1, which corresponded to the vaccine types used in the regions. Isolation of vaccine type lentogenic viruses from unvaccinated flocks supports the occurrence of area spread of these lentogenic viruses.
Journal Article↗
Mutations in the Newcastle disease virus hemagglutinin-neuraminidase protein that interfere with its ability to interact with the homologous F protein in the promotion of fusion.
Recent evidence suggests that the attachment (HN) and fusion (F) glycoproteins of Newcastle disease virus interact at the cell surface in a virus-specific manner to promote syncytium formation. Consistent with the existence of such an interaction, we have shown that it is possible to coimmunoprecipitate (co-IP) the two proteins from the surface of transiently expressing cells using a monoclonal antibody to either protein. Further, we show that a point mutation in the globular domain of HN that abolishes its receptor recognition and neuraminidase (NA) and fusion activities also abolishes its ability to interact with F in the co-IP assay. The mechanism by which this mutation might interfere with the interaction between the two proteins is discussed in terms of the postulate that recognition by HN of cellular receptors triggers its interaction with F and the apparently conflicting evidence for an interaction between the two proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum. Also, characterization of a set of chimeric HN proteins, having short overlapping sequences from a heterologous HN protein in the F-specific domain in the protein stalk, reveals that a weakened interaction between HN and F is still sufficient to trigger fusion.
Amino Acid Sequence↗
Antibodies to Newcastle disease virus in various human diseases.
Sera of patients with infectious mononucleosis (IM) and various other diseases were studied for agglutinins against Newcastle disease virus (NDV)-modified human group O red blood cells (NDVO) and antibodies to the NDV preparations. In agreement with previous studies, the NDVO antibodies are found in a wide variety of diseases in addition to IM, including Japanese IM-like syndrome (22%), syphilis (24%), lepromatous leprosy (30%), systemic lupus erythematosus (29%), multiple sclerosis (18%) and cancer (17%); these antibodies were also found in patients with renal allografts (29%). It was also noted that the Victoria (VIC), Roakin and Herts strains, but not B1 strain of NDV are active in the NDVO agglutination, and VIC and Roakin strains, but not B1 strain in the immunodiffusion. Immunodiffusion and enzyme immunoassay with various preparations of the VIC strain revealed that the major antigen(s) of the virus under study is carried by the hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (H-N) glycoproteins. The H-N molecule was also shown to be able to modify human erythrocytes for the agglutination by the pathologic sera.
ABO Blood-Group System↗
The role of the amino terminus of F1 of the Newcastle disease virus fusion protein in cleavage and fusion.
Phenylalanine is the amino acid at the amino terminus of the F1 protein of all paramyxovirus fusion proteins with the exception of the avirulent strains of Newcastle disease virus, which have a leucine residue in this position (Toyoda et al. (1989) Virology 169, 273-282). To explore the role of this phenylalanine in the fusion activity of the protein, this residue, amino acid 117 in the fusion protein sequence, was changed to leucine (F117L) or to glycine (F117G) by site-specific mutagenesis while maintaining the cleavage site sequence of virulent strains of NDV. While both wild-type and the F117G protein were proteolytically cleaved and F1 was detected, the F117L protein was not cleaved. In the presence of the HN protein, both wild-type F and F117G proteins stimulated fusion, but the F117L protein was inactive in fusion. However, incubation in trypsin activated the fusion activity of the protein. Thus the phenylalanine at the amino terminus of the F1 component of the fusion protein is not required for the fusion activity of the protein. The presence of a leucine at this position blocks cleavage even though the cleavage site sequence is unchanged.
Amino Acid Sequence↗
Tyrosine kinase activation by Newcastle disease virus is required for TNF-alpha gene induction in astrocytes.
Astrocytes, when appropriately stimulated, produce a variety of cytokines including TNF-alpha. Production of TNF-alpha by astrocytes stimulated with Newcastle disease virus (NDV) is achieved by transcriptional activation and mRNA stabilization. A PKC-dependent pathway is responsible for a 10-fold increase in TNF-alpha mRNA stability by reducing poly(A) tail removal. The present study examined signal pathways induced by NDV in primary rat astrocytes that are responsible for TNF-alpha gene transcription as well as the possible source of kinase activity required for mRNA stabilization. Transcription of TNF-alpha gene in astrocytes stimulated by NDV or LPS and IFN-gamma was inhibited completely by the tyrosine kinase inhibitor herbimycin, and partially by a PKC inhibitor H7, as determined by nuclear run-on assay. HA-1004, a cyclic nucleotide-dependent kinase inhibitor, showed no effect. These results indicated that tyrosine kinase signaling pathways seemed to precede the activation of PKC in induction of TNF-alpha gene. Increase in tyrosine kinase activity in NDV-infected astrocytes was demonstrated by a two- to threefold increase in tyrosine phosphorylation of Pl-PLC gamma 1. Because astrocytes contain minimal Pl-PLC beta, and NDV-induced TNF-alpha mRNA was affected by pertussis toxin only modestly, Pl-PLC gamma 1 is likely the enzyme responsible for DAG generation and the PKC-dependent mRNA stabilization in response to NDV.
Animals↗
[Use of filter paper for blood specimen collection in poultry for use in the detection of antibodies to Newcastle disease virus].
Trials were conducted to verify the possibility of poultry blood sampling with filter papers for subsequent examination of the eluates for the presence (and level) of haemagglutination-inhibition antibodies against the Newcastle disease virus (NDV). Qualitative examination was performed in 294 paired samples of sera and eluates, representing 10 selective sets, coming from three vaccinated poultry flocks. The numbers of positive sera (dilution ratios 1:20 and higher) and positive eluates of filter papers (dilution ratios of 1: 2 and higher) were compared and it was found that there were 238 positive paired samples (81%) and 30 were negative (10.2%), hence, there were like reactions in 268 paired samples (91.2% of the total number of samples examined). It was only in 25 paired samples that positivity was recorded just in the sera: 22 times with a titre of 1:20 and three times with a titre of 1:40. In one case, positivity was recorded just in the eluate. The final titres were compared in 181 paired samples of sera and eluates, all diluted at a ratio of 1:2, and it was found that the concentration of the haemagglutination-inhibition antibodies in the eluates corresponded to serum dilution ratio of 1:20. Under this assumption, the antibodies were found to have the same titre in 164 paired samples (55.8%) during the quantitative evaluation. A lower titre was recorded in 82 eluate samples (27.9%) and a higher antibody titre in 48 eluate samples (16.3%) (in comparison with the antibody titres in the respective sera). The over-all average geometrical titre (GMT) of antibodies was 1:65 in the eluates and 1:75 in the sera.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Animals↗
Genomic sequence of an isolate of Newcastle disease virus isolated from an outbreak in geese: a novel six nucleotide insertion in the non-coding region of the nucleoprotein gene. Brief Report.
We have completely sequenced the genome of an isolate of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) obtained following an outbreak in geese. The genomic sequence consists of 15192 nt, which is six nt longer than the published full length genome of the NDV strains La Sota, B1, Clone-30, Beaudette C and HB V4. The six nt insertion was located in the non-coding region of the nucleoprotein (NP) gene between nt 1646 and nt 1647 of the NDV genome (numbered according to the genomic sequence of the La Sota strain). An additional 22 NDV strains were searched for the existence of this six nt insertion. NDVs in genotypes VI, VII, VIII and IX had this insertion while NDV's in genotypes I, II, III, IV, and V did not. The significance of this insertion in NDV evolution is discussed.
Animals↗
Newcastle disease virus surveillance in Hong Kong on local and imported poultry.
Surveillance of apparently healthy ducks, geese and fowl originating in Hong Kong and the People's Republic of China at a poultry dressing plant in Hong Kong yielded 67 isolates of Newcastle disease virus. More than twice as many viruses were isolated from the cloaca than from the trachea. Twelve representative isolates were examined in virulence tests--all six of the fowl isolates and two of five duck isolates behaved as velogenic strains, the other four were lentogenic.
Animals↗
Mechanisms of murine RANTES chemokine gene induction by Newcastle disease virus.
We have previously defined the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-responsive element (LRE) in the promoters of murine RANTES (regulated on activation normal T-cell expressed) (MuRantes) and murine IP-10/crg-2, chemokines which have potent chemotactic properties for inflammatory cells including monocytes and T lymphocytes. In the present work, we studied the transcriptional mechanism of MuRantes gene induction by virus and compared it with that of LPS in an effort to understand the host responses to virus and bacterial toxins at the molecular level. MuRantes mRNA expression is induced by Newcastle disease virus (NDV) and LPS in the RAW 264.7 macrophage cell line and peritoneal macrophages of LPS-responsive C3HeB/FeJ mice. In LPS-hyporesponsive C3H/HeJ mice, only NDV induces this chemokine gene, indicating that the pathways of transcriptional activation by NDV and LPS are not identical. Using a transient transfection assay, the minimal virus-responsive element (VRE) was localized between nt -175 and -116. The VRE contains previously defined LRE motif 1 (TCAYRCTT) and motif 3 ((T/A)GRTTTCA(G/C)TTT), which were shown to also be important for initiation of transcription by virus. NDV-stimulated nuclear extracts were tested for trans-activating factors able to bind the VRE. The chromosomal protein HMG-I(C) was shown to bind the 3'-A.T-rich domains of the VRE, and the presence of HMG-I(C) was demonstrated in the VRE-protein complex formed with nuclear extracts from NDV-stimulated, but not unstimulated cells. These findings demonstrate the role of HMG-I(C) in activation of MuRantes promoter by NDV.
Animals↗
Inhibition of Newcastle disease virus replication by 6-azauridine. II. Combination of 6-azauridine and adenine derivatives.
Twenty-five metabolites (purines, pyrimidines, nucleosides and nucleosides) were tested for their simultaneous action with 6-azauridine (AzUrd) in inhibition of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) replication. With the exception of deoxyadenosine and cyclic AMP all natural adenine derivatives exerted a synergic effect with AzUrd like ATP. Glutamine in combination with AzUrd did not inhibit NDV replication. The inhibitory effect of the combination of AzUrd and adenine derivatives was reversible by guanosine, uridine and cytidine but not by orotic acid or orotidylic acid.
Adenine↗