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PubMed1975

[Study of the outcome of pregnancy in sheep with positive serologic reactions to toxoplasmosis according to the complement fixation test].

Studied were five flocks of 240 sheep each. It was found that prior to impregnation the positive complement-fixation test (c. f. test) reagents varied from 16 to 61 per cent with titers ranging from 1:50 to 1:10. Abortions, however, were established only in two of the flocks consisting of young sheep, aged 3 and 4 years, at the first or second lambing. The abortions took place in the fourth month of pregnancy. In one of these flocks having 43 per cent positive reagents there were 40 per cent returns, and 28 of the ewes miscarried, 12 of them being positive for toxoplasmosis. In the second flock there were 61 per cent positive reagents, and 9 of the ewes miscarried, 5 of them being positive for toxoplasmosis. In the remaining three flocks consisting of 5-year-old sheep there were no abortions. The ewes that miscarried and were positive for toxoplasmosis showed a rise in their serum titers: from 1:40 on the 15th day after the abortion to 1:80 on the 30th day. It is believed that in these sheep the abortions are not due to toxoplasmosis, and in sheep flocks with a high percent of positive toxoplasmosis reagnets there may not be abortions.

Abortion, Veterinary↗
PubMed1976

Cystine aminopeptidase activity (oxytocinase) in pregnant guinea pigs: normal and infected with Campylobacter fetus.

The cystine aminopeptidase (CAP) activity was determined in plasma from guinea pigs at various stages of gestation and in pregnant guinea pigs infected with Campylobacter fetus subspecies intestinalis. The CAP activity decreased with length of gestation, which is in contrast to the changes in activity in persons. Infected guinea pigs near the time of abortion can be distinguished from normal guinea pigs on the basis of plasma CAP activity, if the plasma samples are taken 1 to 2 days before abortion. Among pregnant guinea pigs at the same stage of gestation, CAP activity was lower for infected than for normal pregnant animals. This test might be used to indicate probable disruption of placentation and the onset of abortion in the guinea pig.

Abortion, Veterinary↗
PubMed2004

Human decidual cells activity in women with spontaneous abortions of probable CMV aetiology during the first trimester of gestation. An immunohistochemical study with CMV-associated antigen.

AIM: To determine the expression of CMV-associated antigen in the human decidual endometrial stromal cells in spontaneous abortions with no evidence of maternal relapse during the first trimester of gestation. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: We examined 15 placentas resulting from intrauterine fetal death after spontaneous abortion during the 8th, 10th, and 12th week of gestation respectively, and in which CMV reactivation was ruled out from serological evaluation of the pregnant women at admission, versus equal controls after voluntary abortion following well-documented maternal viral recurrence. In addition, a panel of monoclonal antibodies for the identification of leukocytes (CD45/LCA), B-lymphocytes (CD20/L-26), and T-lymphocytes (CD45RO/UCHL1), was performed. All women received hormonal medication to support gestation, in the cases of spontaneous abortions. RESULTS: Immunohistochemical examination using a specific antibody against cytomegalovirus showed large multinucleated infected cells with intranuclear inclusions, located primarily in the decidual stroma within a lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate in the cases of spontaneous abortions. No evidence of infection was observed in the chorionic villi. In the cases of voluntary abortions same findings were observed in the relevant areas, and a strong evidence of infection was observed in the chorionic villi. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates 1) that the decidual endometrial stromal cells can express the CMV-associated antigen prior to serological manifestation of the viral replication, 2) the expression of the antigen is higher in cases of hormonal administration to support gestation. In these cases a mild mononuclear infiltrate of UCHL1 (T marker) positive cells, accompanies the CMV-associated antigen positive cells.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗
PubMed1992

[Pathology and pathogenesis of sepsis].

The key problems of the theory of sepsis and criteria of its postmortem diagnosis are discussed on the basis of pathological and bacteriological study of about 4000 purulent-septic diseases observed for the last 40 years in the pathology department of N. V. Sklifosovsky Moscow Research Institute of Emergency Medical Aid (sepsis after abortion, surgical and iatrogenic sepsis, acute septic endocarditis, purulent peritonitis, mediastinitis, pleuritis, phlegmons of body and limbs, bacterial shock, etc.). Sepsis, according to the author, is a generalized infectious disease developing acyclically, produced mainly by purulent coccal flora and having the course of septicopyemia. A metastatic purulent focus is an obligatory sign of the generalization. Septicemia is a local inflammatory process produced mainly by bacterial gram-negative flora. It can be a prologue of sepsis but more frequently develops in two directions: 1) purulent-resorptive fever with an acute, subacute and chronic course; 2) bacterial shock with a fulminant course and high lethality.

Bacteremia↗
PubMed1975

Cytomegalovirus endometritis: report of a case associated with spontaneous abortion.

Maternal cytomegalovirus infection is a relatively common, yet very often silent complication of pregnancy. The association between early gestational wastage and cytomegalovirus endometritis has been documented in recent tissue culture studies without the morphologic demonstration of the virus. This case study presents the clinical and pathologic findings of a young, secundigravida female with cytomegalovirus endometritis and spontaneous abortion. The intranuclear inclusions were restricted to the endometrial glands; Involvement of the endocervix by cytomegalovirus has been the only site in the female reproductive tract, excluding fetal tissues, affected by this virus which has been demonstrated histologically. The data are still incomplete regarding the etiologic role, if any, of cytomegalovirus and the occurrence of spontaneous abortion.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗
PubMed1990

Comparative study of the Sabin-Feldman dye test and the indirect haemagglutination test in serodiagnosis of toxoplasmosis.

200 women with history of abortion and 100 women with history of uneventful pregnancies were investigated serologically for anti-Toxoplasma antibodies using both the indirect haemagglutination test and the Sabin-Feldman dye test. Our results indicated a role for the first test in seroepidemiological surveys and for routine work. The second test may be reserved for cases with negative haemagglutination test in the presence of strong suspicion of toxoplasmosis.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗
PubMed1989

[Urogenital chlamydia infection in women with habitual abortion].

The Chlamydozoan population was identified in 43.6 per cent of 110 females with a history of habitual abortion. It was found that the infection was more frequent in females aged under 30 years, in those who was born preterm, in patients with early (premarital) sexual contacts or those with spontaneously stopped pregnancy during the first trimester, as well as in those females who suffered from cervicitis, yeast colpitis, pyelonephritis or had post-inflammatory changes of placental tissue. Higher incidence of cervicitis, cervical erosion, yeast colpitis, salpingo--oophoritis and pyelonephritis was documented in females infected with Chlamydozoa.

Abortion, Habitual↗
PubMed1989

[Prevalence of positive gonococcal and chlamydial findings in women applying for termination of pregnancy. A screening evaluation].

All 335 pregnant women referred for termination of pregnancy in the first trimester were examined preoperatively for infection with Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) and Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) and were questioned about symptoms of gynaecological infection. Only 0.6% had positive cultures for gonorrhoeae while CT infection was demonstrated in 7.8%. Half of the women with infection had one of the following symptoms: discharge, pain or dysuria. These same symptoms were, however, also found in half of the women without infection. All gynaecological special departments in Denmark and a few of the surgical departments which carry out termination of pregnancy replied to a questionnaire about routine examinations for NG and CT in cases of termination of pregnancy. Only 29.2% of the departments made routine preoperative examinations for CT, NG or both. It is concluded that there are no indications for routine examination for gonococcal infection whereas screening for CT infection appears to be indicated.

Abortion Applicants↗
PubMed1987

[AIDS and pregnancy. Management of the seropositive pregnant female].

The population of women, HIV positive, and susceptible to become pregnant, increases with time. Pregnancy must be contra-indicated in seropositive women. A termination of pregnancy must be performed in the first trimester and a therapeutic abortion may be offered but left to the mother's decision. Delivery must be carried out via natural passages in the absence of obstetrical dystocia. Nursing is contra-indicated. A number of precautions must be taken by the medical and para-medical personnel during obstetrical procedures.

Abortion, Therapeutic↗
PubMed1988

Lesions in transplacentally induced toxoplasmosis in goats.

Fifteen pregnant does were inoculated orally with 10 to 1,000 oocysts of the GT-1 strain of Toxoplasma gondii. Two does were euthanatized on postinoculation days (PID) 10 and 14, and the remaining 13 does aborted or delivered kids transplacentally infected with T gondii on PID 9 to 65. Tissues of all 34 fetuses or kids from the inoculated does were examined for gross and microscopic lesions. Placental necrosis and encephalomyelitis were the most prominent lesions. Toxoplasma gondii invaded the fetal placenta between PID 9 and 11 and invaded fetal tissues 2 to 3 days later. Necrosis attributed to toxoplasmosis, confined to cotyledons, was found in all placentas examined on PID 18. Encephalomyelitis was found in most fetuses or kids between PID 30 and 65. Lesions in fetal tissues were sparse. Because T gondii is rarely found in lesions, histologic examination of the fetal tissues is not likely to help in diagnosing every case of transplacentally induced toxoplasmosis in goats.

Abortion, Veterinary↗
PubMed1977

[Immunologic and epizootologic studies of toxoplasmosis in sheep].

A total of 698 blood serum samples from sheep in various regions of the People's Republic of Bulgaria were examined throught the indirect hemaglutination micromethod. Two-hundred and seventeen proved positive for toxoplasmosis. Those of the samples that were taken from ewes that had miscarried and reacted positively were considerably more--43.3 per cent--than those that were taken from ewes with normal lambing and reacted positively--21 percent. Besides, toxoplasmosis was shown to be more widely spread among sheep in the mountainous regions (40.3 per cent) than in sheep from the plain regions (18.3 per cen). Four cystogenic strains of Toxoplasma were isolated from fetuses of nine ewes that had miscarried. Out of 493 sheep investigated in Czechoslovakia 33.3 per cent were positive by the indirect hemagglutination reaction, 29.7 per cent were positive by the indirect fluorescence reaction (RIF), and 11.6 per cent were positive by thr microprecipitation agar gel reaction (MPA). States is the epizootiologic and economic importance of the problem.

Abortion, Veterinary↗