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At least 1,045 records · Page 58Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

Heat stress: comparison of short exposure to severe dry and wet heat in saunas.

Sixty subjects, 33 males and 27 females, from 18 to 63 years of age, were exposed to two kinds of saunas: the Finnish sauna (dry sauna) with an air temperature of 80 to 90 C and a relative humidity of 50%, and the wet sauna with an air temperature of 45 to 50 C and a relative humidity of 100%. There was a rest period of one week between the two experiments. For the 60 subjects the mean duration in the wet sauna was 19.6 minutes and in the dry sauna it was 17.4 minutes. After 10 and 20 minutes of exposure in the wet sauna the mean rectal temperature was 38.1 and 38.5 respectively, the mean skin temperature 40.2 and 40.4 C, the respiratory rate 21 and 22.9 breaths/min, the pulse rate 113 and 135.4 beats/min, the mean diastolic pressure 76.1 and 71.9 mm Hg, and the mean systolic pressure 115.7 and 123.5 mm Hg. Comparing the different physiological parameters in both saunas showed significant differences only during the first 10 minutes: a greater drop in diastolic blood pressure, a higher increase in systolic blood pressure, and a greater rise in pulse rate in the dry sauna. After 20 minutes there were no significant differences between any of the above parameters. It is concluded that the heat strain and hence the risk in both saunas are similar and exposure in either sauna exceeding 10 minutes may be dangerous.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The role of epsilon-amino groups of lysine of human serum albumin in heat-induced protein denaturation. Increased stability of glycosylated and alkylated albumin in aggregation during heating].

Human serum albumin was glycosidated by prolonged protein incubation in phosphate buffer, pH 6.8-7.0, with excess glucose at 37 degrees C. epsilon-amino groups of lysine residues of the albumin molecule were alkylated by pyridoxal-5-phosphate in the presence of NaBH4. The solutions of glycosidated and alkylated serum albumin were incubated at different temperature values in the range of 20 to 80 degrees C in phosphate buffer, pH 7.0, over 30 min. The nondenatured monomer and the resulting aggregated were isolated by TSK-HW-55-gel column chromatography and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The stability of modified proteins elevated in parallel to the increase in the number of the ligand molecules covalently bound to albumin amino groups. The 1-3% aqueous solutions of glycosidated serum albumin containing 3-4 glucose residues and those of alkylated albumin containing 6-7 residues of pyridoxal-5-phosphate were stable on heating up to 80 degrees C and did not form aggregates. Under these conditions the initial serum albumin completely aggregated. Preincubation of the aggregated albumin with glucose at 37 degrees C resulted in protein "renaturation" to the monomeric form with a small number of dimers and trimers.

Alkylation↗
PubMed1988

[Radiation and hyperthermia in the treatment of superficial and semi-deep tumors: heat profile, heat doses, tumor remission].

Between August, 1986 and October, 1987, 364 hyperthermia treatments combined with radiotherapy were performed in mostly locally advanced and recurrent tumors. Half of the patients could only be exposed to relatively small radiation doses of 20 to 36 Gy. The therapy results of 24 patients with 26 treated tumor sites showed complete remission in 22% and partial remission in 42% of the sites. The dependence of tumor remission on the dose of radiation and heat and the inhomogeneity of the temperature distribution are discussed.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1988

[Characteristics of the heat exchange of the body with the environment (research on a heat physics model)].

In the heat physics model of the rabbit body (with no regulation), thermal discrete stimuli (20-min duration) induced a change of the model body temperature by +/- 0.5 degree C of an established level. Returning of ambient temperature to initial value did not return the model body temperature to initial level for a long time (6-8 hrs). A thermal discrete action equal in value but opposite in direction was necessary for restoration of initial level of the model body temperature.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Regional heat loss in newborn infants. Part II. Heat loss in newborns with various diseases--a method of assessing local metabolism and perfusion.

Heat flux (HF) from the head, trunk and limbs of 6 neonates with various abnormalities was measured with HF transducers to find out whether the regional HF pattern reflected the metabolic and/or circulatory status of a neonate, his brain or limbs sufficiently to be of clinical use. The increased HF from all body sites in 2 infants receiving orciprenaline reflected the raised metabolism. The increased HF from the head and trunk together with decreased HF from the limbs in infants with the hypoplastic left heart syndrome reflected the degree of centralization of the circulation. The decreased HF from the head of infants with microcephalus and internal hydrocephalus indicated the diminished metabolic activity of the underlying brain. HF from the limbs, related to HF from central body parts, was useful in assessing peripheral perfusion. It might be possible to develop measurement of regional HF into a method of determining local metabolism and perfusion.

Body Temperature Regulation↗
PubMed1983

The effects of cesarean section anesthesia on heat loss and heat production in the newborn rabbit.

The newborn of some smaller animals rely upon heat produced by nonshivering thermogenesis in the brown fat to prevent a fall in body temperature after birth. Because of their pharmacological properties, some drugs may affect nonshivering thermogenesis. Therefore, in this study, the ability of newborn rabbits delivered under Innovar-Vet, ketamine hydrochloride, methoxyflurane and epidural anesthesia to maintain the rectal, subcutaneous interscapular and lumbar temperature was investigated at an ambient temperature of 35 degrees C or 22 degrees C and the results compared with control newborns delivered without anesthesia. When the newborns were exposed to 35 degrees C, the anesthetics studied had no effect on the ability of the newborn to maintain the rectal temperature and the subcutaneous temperature over the interscapular fat pad was similar to the lumbar subcutaneous temperature thereby indicating that nonshivering thermogenesis was not activated. However, at an ambient temperature of 22 degrees C Innovar-Vet or methoxyflurane reduced the temperature difference between interscapular and lumbar temperatures to 1.6 degrees C compared to 2.5 degrees C in controls and the difference between core temperature and ambient temperature to 3.5 degrees C greater compared to 7.5 degrees C in controls. Ketamine hydrochloride or lidocaine hydrochloride plus meperidine has less effect because these compounds lack adrenergic blocking properties. These data suggest that newborns delivered under anesthetics or tranquillizers that have adrenergic blocking properties require a warm (35 degrees C) environment to prevent a fall in core temperature.

Anesthesia, Obstetrical↗
PubMed1995

Marked conservation of complementarity-determining region 3 of the beta-chain of TCRs recognizing a mycobacterial heat shock protein 60-derived peptide with strong sequence similarity to human heat shock protein 60.

The variable gene usage and sequence of human TCRs specific for a particular MHC/peptide combination have been investigated. The peptide comprises amino acids 456-466 of the 65-kDa Mycobacterium tuberculosis heat shock protein (hsp60), and is recognized in the context of HLA-DP. TCRs from both synovial fluid and peripheral blood (PB)-derived T cell clones used only five different V beta genes, three of which are closely related (V beta 6.7a, V beta 6.7b, and V beta 21.3). Among TCRs using these three genes there was marked conservation of the beta-chain sequence, whereby complementarity-determining region 3 (CDR3) contained an amino acid motif (*R*G*, amino acids 96-100) in association with either J beta 1.4 or J beta 2.5. These conclusions were strengthened by analysis of peptide-stimulated T cell lines that revealed not only TCR beta-chain sequences identical with those seen in T cell clones, but also additional beta-chains with similar CDR3 region sequences and J gene usage. In contrast, T cell lines derived by using IL-2 or a control peptide revealed variable usage of V beta and J beta genes; V beta 6.7a/b sequences from these lines and from freshly isolated PB did not contain the CDR3 motif noted in TCRs from Ag-specific T cells. We suggest that the remarkably limited diversity of TCRs noted in this study is a consequence of the similarity between the mycobacterial hsp60 peptide and the equivalent peptide from human hsp60, and reflects the trimming of the TCR repertoire required to maintain self-tolerance.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1997

Heat-excited and heat-inhibited neurones in the ventroposterior nucleus of thalamus of anaesthetized rats.

The activities of 39 single cells, located in the ventroposterior nucleus of the rat thalamus, were recorded from rats deeply anaesthetized with xylazine and ketamine. The activity of each neurone was recorded before and during noxious tail heating. In all, 17 neurones were excited, 11 were inhibited, and 11 were not affected by the noxious stimulation. The possible function of each type of response in the coding of nociceptive information is discussed.

Anesthetics, Dissociative↗
PubMed1992

Isolation of complementary DNAs for heat shock protein (HSP) 70 and heat shock cognate protein (HSC) 70 genes and the expressions in post-ischaemic gerbil brain.

A complementary DNA (cDNA) library was constructed with a plasmid vector from cerebral cortices of gerbils at 8 h of reperfusion after 10 min of bilateral common carotid ligation. After the 3rd screening of this cDNA library with a human genomic DNA probe for HSP70 (pH2.3), 4 cDNA clones were isolated (named pGA3' pGB1' pGD3 and pGE4' respectively). Southern and Northern blot analysis, and partial nucleotide sequence analysis indicated that pGA3 and pGE4 were the HSP70 cDNA clones, and that pGB1 and pGD3 were the HSC70 cDNA clones, which selectively recognized HSP70 or HSC70 mRNA, respectively. HSP70 mRNA is present in a very small amount in normal controls, and is greatly induced after the transient ischaemia. HSC70 mRNA is constitutively expressed in a normal gerbil brain, but is still inducible. In situ hybridization study demonstrated that the HSP70 mRNA was present in a very small amount in the hippocampal pyramidal and dentate granule cells in the sham control, and that the mRNA was greatly induced in the cells of hippocampus, dentate gyrus, medial habenula, ventral thalamic nuclei, caudate putamen, ventromedial and arcuate hypothalamic nuclei, amygdaloid nuclei and cerebral cortex after 8 h of reperfusion. HSC70 mRNA was present in almost the same areas of sham control, and was slightly induced after 8 h of reperfusion. Our results indicate that HSP70 and HSC70 cDNA clones were first isolated from post-ischaemic gerbil brain, and selectively recognize HSP70 or HSC70 mRNA, respectively. A regional difference in the induction of the HSP70 and HSC70 mRNA in post-ischaemic gerbil brain was observed by in situ hybridization.

Animals↗