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At least 1,045 records · Page 58Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Effects of tixocortol pivalate on gastrointestinal disease in systemic mastocytosis: a preliminary study.

Tixocortol pivalate is a steroid reportedly without significant adrenal-pituitary axis suppression when administered via the gastrointestinal tract. To determine whether this steroid would suppress the gastrointestinal manifestations of systemic mastocytosis, we performed an open clinical trial for safety and efficacy with tixocortal pivalate in four patients for periods of 8-15 weeks. All patients showed a decrease in the symptoms of abdominal pain and frequency of stools. Laboratory parameters of malabsorption improved in parallel with symptom relief. Histopathologic abnormalities of the small bowel improved in one patient. There was no significant suppression of the pituitary-adrenal axis. Two patients developed fluid retention while on tixocortol pivalate, which was attributed to a mineralocorticoid effect. One patient had a fall in AM cortisol. In summary, this study strongly suggests that tixocortol pivalate, when administered orally, has gastrointestinal anti-inflammatory activity comparable to conventional steroids, but may not be entirely without adrenal-suppressive effect and may lead to fluid retention in some patients. Further studies are warranted to assess the value of tixocortol pivalate in the therapy of inflammatory diseases of the upper gastrointestinal tract.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

The risks and costs of upper gastrointestinal disease attributable to NSAIDs.

NSAIDs, including both aspirin and nonaspirin NSAIDs, are among the most frequently used drugs, and their use may result in serious adverse gastrointestinal outcomes and significant medical costs. The increased risks for adverse upper GI hemorrhage and peptic ulcer disease associated with NSAID use have been demonstrated in observational studies and clinical trials; an overview of these results is presented in this article. The magnitude of these risks should play an important role in clinical decision making and should influence decisions regarding the use of this class of drugs.

Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Graft-versus-host disease: gastrointestinal involvement with a rectovaginal fistula.

Bone marrow transplantation is an accepted form of treatment for aplastic anemia and end-stage hematological malignancies. Despite a satisfactory outcome in selected patients, more than one-half develop acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), characterized typically by involvement of the skin, liver, and gastrointestinal tract. We describe an unusual case in which a 10-year-old girl developed gastrointestinal symptoms as the only manifestation of GVHD. The patient presented with a rectovaginal fistula and had clinical, radiological, and histological features of gastrointestinal GVHD without evidence of liver or skin involvement.

Anemia, Aplastic↗
PubMed2001

[Role of ultrasound in children with emergency gastrointestinal diseases].

Over the last twenty years, ultrasound has progressively become the primary modality used to assess the acute pediatric abdomen. The lack of radiation exposure and the high diagnostic efficacy of US have contributed to broaden the use of US. During his career, any radiologist may be involved in the evaluation of an acute abdomen in a child. He has to be familiar with the sonographic findings and the age-related symptoms which allow diagnosis of intussusception, hypertrophic pyloric stenosis, midgut volvulus, and appendicitis. He also has to be familiar with the findings which help to exclude these diseases. For experienced radiologists the accuracy in detecting appendicitis and intussusception are respectively close to 95% and 100%. In this chapter, we will also discuss the differential diagnoses of the most frequent causes of acute pediatric abdomen and the technical limitations of US. The learning objectives will be

Abdomen, Acute↗