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PubMed2004

Virchow's triad?

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Eponyms↗
PubMed2004

John Hughlings-Jackson's writings on the auditory aura and localization of the auditory cortex.

PURPOSE: To relate John Hughlings-Jackson's findings of the auditory aura to his ideas about the "dreamy state," and localization of primary auditory cortex. METHODS: We reviewed Hughlings-Jackson's writings on the auditory aura and his integration of the auditory aura into his description of the "dreamy state." To integrate Hughlings-Jackson's postulations about the auditory aura and David Ferrier's localization of primary auditory cortex, we also reviewed Ferrier's localization of auditory cortex in animals. RESULTS: Hughlings-Jackson described three cases of the auditory aura, which he integrated with his concept of the "dreamy state" (now known as mesial temporal epilepsy). In doing so, he described the current concept of elementary and complex auditory auras. Hughlings-Jackson also associated the auditory aura with seizures that began in the "auditory centre of Ferrier." Whereas Ferrier showed respect and admiration for Hughlings-Jackson's work as a whole, he did not integrate Hughlings-Jackson's ideas of localization of the auditory epileptic aura with his work in localizing the primary auditory cortex in animals. CONCLUSIONS: Hughlings-Jackson outlined the modern concept of elementary and complex auditory auras and correctly correlated it with primary auditory cortex. The history of Hughlings-Jackson's auditory aura reflects the history of his ideas of epilepsy as a whole, which closely parallel our modern concepts of focal epilepsy.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

Honoring the Admiral: Boerhaave-van Wassenaer's syndrome.

Dr. Herman Boerhaave (1668-1738) first described esophageal rupture and the subsequent mediastinal sepsis based upon his careful clinical and autopsy findings and hundreds of references have since been written about Boerhaave's syndrome. Several fine historical accounts of this brilliant scientist have been published over the years and he has received appropriate credit for his valuable contributions. But what about that unfortunate propositus that Dr. Boerhaave attended to, performed necropsy upon, and subsequently received acclaim with? Medical history pays inadequate regard to the Baron Jan Gerrit van Wassenaer heer van Rosenberg, Prefect of Rhineland and Grand Admiral of the Dutch Fleet. This figure was a nobleman and war hero at the peak of the Dutch Golden Age who played his role in steering the course of European history. Without this nobleman's heroic contemporaneous account, Boerhaave's celebrated impact on medical science would never have been realized. Therefore, we offer an overdue recitation of Admiral van Wassenaer's biography. Based on found precedent we propose that spontaneous rupture of the esophagus be henceforth referred to as the 'Boerhaave-van Wassenaer's syndrome'.

Eponyms↗
PubMed1997

Pott, pedantry and precision.

The historical section of the Gordon Craig Library at the Royal Australasian College of Surgeons contains a copy of Pott's major work, which includes most of his surgical papers. It also contains three volumes by Sir James Earle, which include most of Pott's papers, together with an account of the life of Pott. What follows is the basis of an illustrated lecture that sought to sample and review these books for those who do not have an opportunity to read them.

England↗
PubMed2006

Pediatric cardiac surgery: an historical appreciation.

Many of the early, classic pediatric cardiac surgical operations were named after their originators. Some of these continue to be performed in the original form, many in modified form and some are obsolete. The development of many of these important early operations is reviewed and they are placed in the context of their times.

Anesthesia↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cutaneous signs.

Cutaneous signs play a significant role in clinical medicine. Signs have often been named after the initial observer. They may indicate either dermatologic or systemic illness and aid the examiner in diagnosis and relevant investigations. Some are specific, some have been described in other conditions, and few have lost their relevance. Most of the signs are related to the pathogenesis of the disease but the cause of some is not clear.

Dermatology↗
PubMed2004

The military heart hospitals.

This is the first in a series of four papers that Dr. Wooley wrote exclusively for The American Heart Hospital Journal based on his book, The Irritable Heart of Soldiers and the Origins of Anglo-American Cardiology, published by Ashgate Publishing in 2002.1 Dr. Wooley's book also casts light on the origins of the specialty heart hospital.

Arrhythmias, Cardiac↗
PubMed1995

Ludwig Merzbacher (1875-1942): the man behind the disease.

Ludwig Merzbacher (1875-1942) is widely known for his seminal work on the pathology of the dysmyelinating CNS disease named for the clinician Friedrich Pelizaeus and himself. Yet his training, his scientific achievements and his list of publications suggest a scientist with broad interests in neuropathology, neuroscience, neurology and psychiatry. Among several studies in experimental and clinical neuropathology, Merzbacher's work on scavenger cells is the most outstanding. While working in Alois Alzheimer's laboratory in Munich in 1906/1907, Ludwig Merzbacher analyzed in great detail the reaction patterns of these cells, which are nowadays known as reactive microglia, and already attempted to elucidate their function in brain pathology.

Diffuse Cerebral Sclerosis of Schilder↗