[Central scotoma and acquired pathology of color vision in the clinical picture of various diseases of the optic nerve].
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Patients with a history of retinal detachment were examined by the following tests: (1) setting of an isoluminant match between yellow and green constituent squares of a checkerboard and (2) measurement of the flicker fusion frequency for a contrast-reversal of this yellow-green pattern. The results suggest that the test may provide useful data for assessing the severity of any damage to a given part of the retina. The fusion frequencies range from over 10 Hz (normal) to about 2 Hz for a severely impaired retina. The data for the relative amounts of red and green light needed to achieve a match rarely show any abnormality; thus, a standard anomaloscope test or pseudoisochromatic plates would not detect these deficiencies.
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This article is a general view of evaluated acquired color vision defects in the early stages of primary glaucoma and in patients at risk for glaucoma. The articles published until now indicates a decrease in color discriminating sensitivity in the short wavelength part of the visible spectrum in patients with glaucoma as well as in patients with ocular hypertension. It has been found a positive correlation between the blue-yellow color vision defects and the perimetric changes in the glaucomatous eyes. Blue-yellow color vision testing with the anomaloscope may serve as an additional test in the early diagnosis of glaucoma but the absence of dyschromatopsia does not exclude the disease.
Multidimensional scaling of principal interstimulus chromatic differences, measured by the value of ERG reaction of the frog retina allowed to construct a model reflecting colour differentiating function of this level. It follows from this model that the frog retina has colour differentiating characteristics answering standard requirements of trichromatic vision. Colour-opponent system of frog is represented by the functions of red-green and blue-yellow opponentness compared with the analogous functions obtained for man.