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At least 1,045 records · Page 58Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Primary paraganglioma of the urinary bladder: a report of two cases].

We report two cases of primary paraganglioma of the urinary bladder. Case 1. A 61-year-old man was hospitalized with the chief complaints of gross hematuria, dysuria and headache. The patient had a history of hypertension. Cystoscopy disclosed a nonpapillary, sessile tumor in the retrotrigonum of the bladder. An attack of paroxysmal hypertension was induced by bimanual palpation of the tumor, and paraganglioma was suspected. Partial cystectomy with staging pelvic lymphadenectomy was performed. Case 2. A 65-year-old man was hospitalized with the chief complaints of gross hematuria and urinary retention. The patient had no history of hypertension. Cystoscopy disclosed a nonpapillary tumor in the right lateral wall of the bladder. Transurethral resection was performed with no cardiovascular complication. Prostatic needle biopsy showed the histological evidence of prostatic adenocarcinoma. Radical retropubic prostatectomy with limited lymphadenectomy was performed. There was no histological evidence of lymph node involvement of paraganglioma or adenocarcinoma. The histological and biochemical examinations revealed a chromaffin positive, functioning and non-malignant tumor in Case 1, and a chromaffin negative, non-functioning and non-malignant tumor in Case 2. In total, 29 cases of primary paraganglioma of the urinary bladder have been so far reported in Japan. The tumor recurrence, multiple or metastases were recorded in 8 of 29 cases (27.6%), mainly in regional lymph node metastases. We recommend lymphadenectomy at the initial operation, irrespective of pathological finding of the primary paraganglioma of the urinary bladder.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[Intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guerin instillation therapy of recurrent superficial bladder carcinomas resistant to intravesical anti-cancer chemotherapy].

Tokyo strain bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) was instilled in a dose of 80 mg in 40 ml normal saline to the bladder of 8 patients with recurrent superficial bladder carcinoma (Ta, Tl, Tis) resistant to mitomycin C and/or adriamycin intravesical instillation chemotherapy. Instillation was performed weekly for 6 weeks and 3 to 4 weeks after the last instillation, the response was assessed by cystoscopy and urine cytology. Patients who achieved complete response underwent monthly maintenance instillation for a year and inspection with cystoscopy and urine cytology every 3 months. Of the 7 patients who underwent therapeutic instillation, 3 (43%) achieved complete response, and 2 partial response. Two patients with no response had carcinoma in situ of grade 3 anaplasia. Two of the 3 complete responders were free of disease for 11 and 12 months, but another 1 developed intravesical recurrence 13 months later. One patient underwent prophylactic instillation and remained free of disease for 23 months. Side effects included frequency, urgency and pain on urination which were tolerable with anti-analgesics. Two patients underwent total cystectomy because of tumor progression and had typical lesions of prostatic tuberculosis.

Administration, Intravesical↗
PubMed1988

Flexible fiberoptic versus conventional cystourethroscopy in bladder tumor patients. A prospective study.

In 30 bladder tumor patients flexible fiberoptic and conventional cystourethroscopy was undertaken by two urologists in a random sequence. The findings at conventional cystoscopy, including histologic findings in biopsy and operative specimens, were taken to represent the true pathologic condition. Concordance was found in all but three patients, with solitary superficial grade II bladder tumors less than 2 mm in diameter that were overlooked at flexible cystoscopy. No discordance was observed in the evaluation of grade III or invasive bladder tumors. Flexible fiberoptic cystourethroscopy with urine cytology is recommended 1) as a follow-up investigation under local anesthesia in patients with non invasive bladder tumors and negative random biopsies, and 2) as a diagnostic procedure in poor-risk patients as an alternative to transabdominal ultrasonography.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

[A case of retrovesical abscess due to Crohn's disease].

A 29-year-old man was admitted with pain on urination and high grade fever-up. Mass was palpated above the right lobe of prostate. Cystoscopy revealed an edematous region in the upward to the right ureteral orifice. CT revealed the retrovesical mass in the same region. The surgical specimen obtained by transurethral resection showed severe inflammatory changes, but no malignancy was found. Antimicrobial chemotherapy had been continued, but the mass did not disappear on palpation and computed tomography and cystoscopy revealed pus-discharge from the center of the edematous region was found. An operation was performed under the diagnosis of retrovesical abscess. The terminal ileum had formed adhesion to the posterior bladder wall. Segmental resection of the ileum and partial resection of involved segment of the bladder were performed. The pathological diagnosis was Crohn's disease. Inflammation of ileum seemed to infiltrate the bladder wall and formed an abscess. After the operation symptoms disappeared.

Abscess↗
PubMed1986

[Cavernous hemangioma of the bladder: a case report].

A case of cavernous hemangioma of the bladder treated with transurethral resection is presented. A 67-year-old female was admitted to this department with the chief complaint of gross hematuria. At cystoscopy a gray, sessile tumor the size of a grain of rice was found at the left lateral wall. Computed tomography confirmed the observation of the cystoscopy and showed that the tumor did not invade into the muscle layer of the bladder wall. With the preoperative diagnosis of bladder tumor, transurethral resection of the tumor was carried out on March 2, 1984 and the specimen was pathologically diagnosed as cavernous hemangioma of the bladder. Sixty-one cases of bladder hemangioma including this case are reviewed briefly.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

[The Cohen cross-trigonal technic for vesicoureteral reflux with contracted bladder in children].

A 8-year-old girl was referred with both vesicoureteral reflux and repeated urinary infection since she was 30 months old. At 5 years old, she had had cystoscopy. Her excretory urogram (IVP) was almost normal; her voiding cystogram showed both vesicoureteral reflux of grade III and a maximum bladder capacity of 75 ml. At cystoscopy the ureteral orifices were in normal position of the trigone and the orifices were dilated like a golf-hole. Both ureters were reimplanted without ureter stents by the Cohen cross-trigonal advancement technique. Her IVP and a renograms postoperatively have shown normal kidney function and no urinary retention in either kidney. Her voiding cystograms have shown no vesicoureteral reflux. For 15 months after operation she has had no urinary infection. The Cohen cross-trigonal technique is a simple, safe and more applicable method than other anti-vesicoureteral reflux operations in cases of vesicoureteral reflux with contracted bladder.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1983

[Diagnosis of bladder cancer by transurethral ultrasonic scanning].

Transurethral ultrasonographic examination was performed on a total of 24 patients with 40 bladder tumors to evaluate the accuracy of the method to detect bladder tumors and to compare ultrasonographic staging of bladder tumors with pathological staging. The results showed that it was difficult to detect bladder tumors of any size located in the bladder neck or dome and those less than 0.5 cm in diameter located anywhere, indicating the difficulty in tumor staging. On the other hand, diagnostic accuracy was approximately 90% for the tumors larger than 0.5 cm in diameter. Therefore, if a tumor with a diameter larger than 0.5 cm is detected by cystoscopy, we believe that urethral ultrasonographic examination should be performed as a routine protocol after the cystoscopy.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

Computed tomography in staging primary uterine cervical carcinoma.

Pelvic computed tomography (CT) was done in 100 unselected patients with untreated carcinoma of the uterine cervix. The size of the primary tumor, its extension into vagina, parametria, utero-sacral ligaments, pelvic sidewalls, bladder and rectum and pelvic lymphadenopathy were determined. Independently, similar findings from pelvic examination under general anesthesia (EUA) and cystoscopy were also recorded. International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) staging was used for comparison. The staging according to CT in 69 patients (69%) agreed with that at EUA and cystoscopy. In 31 patients there was both understanding (15%) and overstaging (16%) by CT.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1982

Intravesical therapy with adriamycin in urothelial dysplasia and early carcinoma in situ.

The authors studied the effect of instilling Adriamycin intravesically in 21 patients with urothelial dysplasia and early carcinoma in situ. The effectiveness of the treatment was assessed by repeated urine cytology, cystoscopy and repeated biopsy of the bladder mucosa. No serious side effects were noted. Adriamycin causes the death of malignant cells, general improvement in the appearance of the bladder mucosa at cystoscopy and histologic evidence of endothelial damage to the bladder mucosa. The cytologic changes continue for many months after treatment.

Carcinoma in Situ↗
PubMed1982

Clinical re-staging in cervicocarcinoma after clinico-instrumental staging.

A review of 193 cases of invasive carcinoma of the cervix was undertaken to determine the efficacy of the procedures used in the staging of this disease. All patients underwent pretreatment chest, pelvis, and spine radiographies, intravenous pyelogram, cystoscopy and proctoscopy. Bone scanning was performed too. These patients were retrospectively staged according to findings of the physical examination only. Each additional examination was then evaluated comparing its results with the initial staging. The column Xray did never change the stage; the other radiologic examinations changed the staging as follows: chest Xray 0.5%, pelvis 1%, intravenous pyelogram 2%. Cystoscopy and proctoscopy changed the clinical stage in 5.1% and 2.5% of the cases, respectively. Bone scanning in 1.5%. A review of 54 selected cases was undertaken to determine the presence of positive nodes in patients with carcinomas at stages I and II. In 16 cases of cervicocarcinoma the hystologic examination showed positive pelvic lymph-nodes. The AA, recommend all the reviewed procedures in the staging of carcinoma of the cervix in initial stages too.

Carcinoma↗
PubMed1995

[Diagnosis and treatment of primary ureteral carcinoma--a report of 12 cases].

Twelve cases with primary ureteral carcinoma are reported with a review of literatures. Urography was the main method of diagnosis, and retrograde uretero-pyelography was more helpful. Cystoscopy was mandatory before operation. CT was useful for diagnosis and staging. If needed, ureteroscopy could be used to increase diagnostic accuracy. The traditional total nephroureterectomy with a cuff excision of the urinary bladder was the first and basic choice of treatment. Regular cystoscopy, excretory urography and adjuvant intravesical therapy should be carried out after operation.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Complete urethral duplication].

OBJECTIVES: Three cases of complete epispadial urethral duplication are described. The limitations of the preoperative evaluation and the importance of a suitable surgical treatment are underscored. METHODS: The patients comprised three boys aged 2, 6 and 7 years. The main cause for consultation was an epispadial opening in the dorsal part of the glans penis in three cases, dorsal curvature of the penis in one and urinary dribbling in the other patient. All the patients were evaluated by cystography and cystoscopy. Only two patients underwent surgery: total excision of the accessory urethra and surgical correction of the chordee via a combined penile retropubic transvesical approach. RESULTS: Cystography and cystoscopy showed complete duplication of the urethra only in two cases; one had coexisting vertebral, cardiac and intestinal anomalies. CONCLUSIONS: Difficulties are encountered in diagnosing this anomaly correctly since the true extent and trajectory of the accessory urethra often cannot be determined. This anomaly warrants total excision of the accessory urethra and surgical correction of the chordee.

Child↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Bladder schistosomiasis. Report of a case].

OBJECTIVES: We report an additional case of schistosomiasis of the urinary bladder, an unusual parasitic infection in our setting, with special reference to the histomorphological findings that permitted its diagnosis. METHODS: Biopsy was performed via cystoscopy and bladder tissue was obtained from an area in the trigone with an abnormal appearance. RESULTS: Microscopic examination of the biopsy specimen revealed eggs of the parasite Schistosoma haematobium. CONCLUSIONS: The present case shows the importance of close collaboration between clinicians and pathologists and the usefulness of cystoscopy for diagnosis in urological patients.

Humans↗
PubMed1994

Glomerular disease as a cause of isolated microscopic haematuria.

Microscopic haematuria is a common clinical finding, with reported prevalences of up to 22%. The role of renal biopsy in the investigation of this condition is still debated. Currently urological investigation including cystourethroscopy is often regarded as adequate. We investigated 165 patients (94 male, 71 female; mean age 37.5 years, range 10-71) referred with isolated microscopic haematuria, using renal biopsy and cystourethroscopy. All patients were normotensive with normal serum creatinine, no proteinuria, sterile urine and a normal IVU. Renal biopsy abnormalities were found in 77/165 (46.6%): IgA nephropathy (49), global or segmental mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis without IgA deposits (16), thin membrane nephropathy (7), vascular changes suggestive of hypertension (3), interstitial nephritis (1), and membranous nephropathy (1). Only five abnormalities were found on cystourethroscopy (cystitis 3, urethral stricture 1, bladder stone 1). Two patients with cystitis also had IgA nephropathy. Biopsy abnormalities were commonest under the age of 20 (69.2%), but 40% of biopsies were abnormal even in the seventh decade of life. Because renal biopsy abnormalities are very frequent in patients with isolated haematuria, renal biopsy is indicated in patients over 45 years of age if renal imaging and cystoscopy are normal. In those under 45 years, renal biopsy should replace cystoscopy as the investigation to follow normal renal imaging.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The clinical efficacy of the new drug agent ligentén in urology patients].

A clinical trial was made of a new gel ligenten intended for local urethral anesthesia and treatment of infection and inflammation in the lower urinary tracts. Ligenten was given to 52 patients to manage bladder, prostate, urethral infection and inflammation, for local prophylaxis before cystoscopy, urethral bouginage and transurethral surgery. Apparent advantages of intraurethral introduction of the analgetic compared to instrument lubrication are demonstrated. Ligenten was also effective against chronic cystitis, cystalgia and urethral syndrome in females, especially in ulcerative cystitis. The gel exhibited adequate antiinflammatory and analgetic effect. As a prophylactic means, it prevents inflammation in cystoscopy, urethral catheterization and transurethral operations. No severe side effects have been reported.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[The influence of combined surgery for bladder cancer and bladder-neck obstruction on the recurrence of bladder cancer].

A comparative retrospective study with follow-up survey was performed on 75 male bladder cancer patients, in order to investigate the relation between bladder carcinoma and bladder-neck obstruction, and effect of combined surgical treatment for both lesion on the recurrence of bladder cancer. All the bladder cancers were confirmed by cystoscopy and histopathological examination. The pathological findings included: 69 cases of transitional cell carcinoma, 5 cases of squamous cell carcinoma and 1 case of adenocarcinoma. All patients were treated by partial cystectomy and followed-up by cystoscopy and urine exfoliative cytologic examination. Thirty patients (group I) who had bladder cancer and bladder-neck obstruction received simultaneous partial cystectomy and cystauchenotomy were compared to 21 patients (group II) who had both lesions but received partial cystectomy only, and to 24 patients (group III) who had bladder cancer only and underwent partial cystectomy. Evaluation of recurrence of bladder cancer in each group showed that recurrence occurred in 6 patients (20%) in group I, 10 patients (47.1%) in group II, and 4 patients (16.6%) in group III. The data showed that partial cystectomy combined with cystauchenotomy in patients with bladder cancer accompanied by bladder-neck obstruction significantly decreased the postoperative recurrence of tumor in comparison with the group treated by partial cystectomy alone. It is suggested that the presence of bladder-neck obstruction may exert some effects on the genesis and postoperative recurrence of bladder cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Radiological exploration of hematuria].

Hematuria is defined as the presence of blood in urine. Its site of origin can be in any point of the urinary tract. Its discovery leads to clinical, biological and radiological investigations. The causes of hematuria are dominated, in terms of frequency, by urinary infection and lithiasis. The risk of associated lesions, especially of a tumor, must lead to regarding them as excluding diagnoses. Besides the so-called "medical" hematurias of glomerular origin (hematuria with proteinuria and cylinder casts) and hematurias occurring during a first episode of cystitis in women, the radiological exploration of "surgical" hematuria is systematic and always begins with an IVP. When the IVP is normal, a cystoscopy is most often made. The other radiological examinations (CT, Doppler ultrasound) are performed only according to the findings of IVP and cystoscopy. Arteriography combined with renal phlebography is indicated if the assessment is negative in case of recurrent hematuria or of massive hematuria. It is mainly aimed at detecting a vascular malformation. When this exploration is completed, an etiology is found is about 90% of all cases.

Female↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Local immunity indices during the chigain treatment of chronic cystitis in children].

A total of 117 children with chronic pyelonephritis (CP) aged 4-14 were examined and treated. 57 of them having attendant cystitis received multimodality treatment comprising local intravesicular instillations of chigain controlled by clinical findings, urinalysis, cystoscopy and urinary secretory immunoglobulins SIg A1, SIg A2 and IgG. The drug chigain capable of immune replacement was found to initiate clinical response, positive trends in urinalysis and cystoscopy data, in the levels of secretory urine immunoglobulins. The findings show the need of immune replacement therapy in the complex of modalities to treat children with CP combined with cystitis.

Adolescent↗