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At least 1,045 records · Page 58Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Elective transtracheal jet ventilation for bronchoscopic removal of tracheal foreign body.

We have shown that transtracheal jet ventilation can be used safely and effectively when removing a foreign body from the airway. In some cases, it may be wise to choose this method of ventilation initially, thus avoiding the difficulties associated with more conventional modes of controlled ventilation. This is especially true when the potential for loss of the airway during the procedure is significant. This technique also allows the bronchoscopist the benefit of unimpeded access to the airway and adequate uninterrupted time for his operative procedure.

Bronchoscopy↗
PubMed2000

Bronchoscopic photodynamic diagnosis and therapy for lung cancer.

Photodynamic diagnosis and therapy have exciting potential in lung cancer management. Fluorescence bronchoscopy enhances the detection of preinvasive lesions and early invasive carcinomas involving the central airways, whereas photodynamic therapy (PDT) provides an effective method for treating these lesions with preservation of lung tissue. However, the natural history of preinvasive lesions is poorly understood and so the value of treatment remains unclear. Although treatment for early invasive carcinomas'is not open to question, the possibility of undetected nodal disease means that PDT is unlikely to replace surgical resection in patients who are fit for thoracotomy. PDT also provides an effective method of palliating patients with advanced obstructing endobronchial tumors. Although it is considered superior to simple tumor debulking, its usefulness is limited by transient but potentially severe skin photosensitivity. There is therefore a need to develop new photosensitizing drugs with less severe side effects.

Bronchoscopy↗
PubMed2005

Innovative bronchoscopic diagnostic techniques: endobronchial ultrasound and electromagnetic navigation.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Bronchoscopy is a minimally invasive method for diagnosing lung diseases, but the technique has some limitations. In case of parabronchial lesions, the view is limited to the inner surface. Therefore, endobronchial ultrasound systems were developed. For obtaining biopsies of peripheral lung lesions, a new real-time guidance system shows promising results. In this review the authors assess the most important and interesting articles in both fields. RECENT FINDINGS: In a trial it was shown that with the help of endobronchial ultrasound the diagnosing and staging of lung cancer and other pathologies could be improved. It is a safe technique and it has proved extremely useful during diagnostic and interventional procedures. With the navigation conclusive, biopsies were obtained in nearly 70% of the patients without any severe side effects. SUMMARY: Endobronchial ultrasound proved to be useful in high-resolution imaging of the multilayer structures of the bronchial wall and the adjacent mediastinal structures at a distance of as much as 4 cm. Lymph nodes could be easily localized for transbronchial needle aspiration. In many instances it was superior for staging lung cancer and other pathologies. Real-time electromagnetic-guided bronchoscopy, coupled with computed tomography is a feasible and safe method for obtaining biopsies from peripheral lung lesions.

Bronchoscopy↗
PubMed2004

Investigation of Helicobacter pylori in bronchoscopic lung specimens of young male patients with bronchiectasis but without gastrointestinal symptoms.

Anti-Helicobacter pylori IgG serum levels were measured in 31 young male bronchiectasis patients without gastrointestinal symptoms, and 56 healthy males. The possible presence of H. pylori was also investigated by rapid urease tests, culture and histopathological examination of protected catheter brush and biopsy specimens from the bronchiectatic site. No serological, microbiological or histological evidence of H. pylori infection was found in the bronchiectasis patient group. H. pylori did not appear to be an agent of infection or chronic colonisation in bronchiectasis, and may not have a significant role in the progression of this disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Brünings' bronchoscopic mask.

A tubular gauze mask suitable for inhalational anaesthesia for bronchoscopy, designed by Wilhelm Brünings, is described.

Anesthesia, Inhalation↗
PubMed1997

A placebo controlled study of flumazenil in bronchoscopic procedures.

METHODS: A double-blind, randomized, placebo controlled trial of the efficacy of flumazenil was conducted in 22 consecutive patients admitted for bronchoscopy. Sedation was induced by individually titrated amounts of intravenous diazepam (mean +/- s.d., 15.75 +/- 4.4 mg). Post bronchoscopy, patients received up to 1 mg of the benzodiazepine antagonist flumazenil (Anexate) or placebo intravenously. Clinical scores for the degree of sedation, orientation in time and space, co-operation and anterograde amnesia were used. These, together with three psychometric tests were performed twice prior to bronchoscopy and on eight occasions in the following 24 h. The psychometric tests were: Tapping Test (TT), Simple Reaction Time (SRT) and Critical Flicker Fusion (CFF) and these were carried out using the automated Multipsy test system. RESULTS: The level of co-operation, orientation in time and space and anterograde amnesia were similar in both groups pre-and-post procedure. However compared with the pre-bronchoscopy assessment, the maximum degree of apparent sedation was significantly less in the flumazenil group in the first 4 h. In support of this, the patients in the flumazenil group also showed a significantly greater proficiency with the TT and CFF test post bronchoscopy (P < 0.05). There was no difference in the incidence of side effects and flumazenil was well tolerated. CONCLUSIONS: In this highly controlled setting, the use of flumazenil (Anexate) was shown to be safe and effective in aiding recovery from benzodiazepine facilitated bronchoscopy and as such provides an additional level of safety for this procedure.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

High-frequency positive-pressure ventilation (hfppv) during transthoracic resection of tracheal stenosis and during peroperative bronchoscopic examination.

Operation of a patient with intrathoracic tracheal stenosis using a new ventilation technique (HFPPV) is described. The technique permits tracheoscopy during ventilation and operation, thus enabling exact location of the stenosis to be obtained. Further, peroperative tracheoscopic checking of the anastomosis can be carried out. Resection and anastomosis can be performed without interference of a bulky endotracheal tube.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Bronchoscopic diagnosis of an extensive tracheal laceration.

Tracheal lacerations resulting from endotracheal intubation are extremely rare. We report a case where the initial diagnosis was misled by the radiological findings. Our case uniquely emphasizes several issues pertinent to the management of tracheal lacerations. We review the published works on this topic and emphasize the role of fibre-optic bronchoscopy in the assessment of airway injuries before operative management.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Major anatomical variations of the tracheobronchial tree: bronchoscopic observation.

Fiberoptic and rigid bronchoscopy are widely used diagnostic and therapeutic tools in pulmonary medicine. Investigators often neglect the bronchial variations; however, bronchial variations may have important implications for bronchoscopy, brachytherapy, pulmonary resections and intubations. It is accepted that anatomic variations of the airways are due to anomalies in the development of the lungs. As a result, lung buds grow to an inappropriate number or arise at atypical sites. In the present study, we tried to determine the incidence of bronchial variations in our region. We investigated 2550 consecutive reports of bronchoscopy retrospectively. Major variations of the tracheobronchial tree were found in 2.6% of patients examined by bronchoscopy. The most frequent finding was a bifurcate pattern in the right upper lobe (47.7%). The variations were localized to the right upper lobe in 71.6% of patients. Male predominance was observed in all anatomic variations except one.

Adolescent↗