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PubMed2003

Three-dimensional sonographic morphologic assessment in complex adnexal masses: preliminary experience.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the role of three-dimensional transvaginal sonography in assessing complex adnexal masses. METHODS: Forty-one women (mean age, 49.5 years; range, 23-75 years) with the diagnosis of complex adnexal masses on the basis of two-dimensional transvaginal sonography were reevaluated by three-dimensional transvaginal sonography. Two different sonologists evaluated the two- and three-dimensional transvaginal sonograms. Criteria indicative of malignancy included the presence of gross papillary projections, solid areas, and solid echogenicity for both techniques. Three women (7%) had bilateral masses, giving a total of 44 masses that were ultimately assessed. A definitive histologic diagnosis was obtained in every case after surgical tumor removal. RESULTS: Twenty-one tumors (47.7%) were proved malignant, and 23 (52.3%) were benign. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy for two- and three-dimensional transvaginal sonography were 90%, 61%, 68%, 87%, and 75% and 100%, 78%, 81%, 100%, and 89%, respectively. There were no statistical differences between two- and three-dimensional transvaginal sonography (McNemar test, P = .687). The agreement between both examiners was high (kappa index = 0.71). CONCLUSIONS: The use of three-dimensional transvaginal sonography does not significantly improve the two-dimensional transvaginal sonographic morphologic assessment of complex adnexal masses; however, we found it useful for reinforcing initial diagnostic impressions.

Adenofibroma↗
PubMed1985

Echographic characteristics and ultrasonic tissue characterization in breast tumor.

Early detection and correct diagnosis of breast cancer is necessary and an important determinant of prognosis. Clinical echography is increasingly being used as it offers a high degree of diagnostic accuracy and no physical hazards such as x-ray mammography. Ultrasonic tissue characterization study is an important factor in determining and refining diagnostic criteria and for developing new ultrasonic diagnostic equipment in clinical breast echography. Therefore, various echographic characteristics and their ultrasonic tissue characterization were analysed in various types of breast tumors such as medullary carcinoma, papillary carcinoma, scirrhous carcinoma, malignant lymphoma, lymphatic infiltration, benign cyst, fibroadenoma, cystosarcoma phylloides, gynecomastia and nodular fibrosis with fat necrosis, in routine clinical echograms.

Adenofibroma↗
PubMed1976

[Carcinogenicity of fuchsin derivatives].

White noninbred rats and linear mice were injected leucoparafuchsine and leucofuchsine isomers subcutaneously and received perorally during the whole life period, while in the experiments on mice--also by means of cutaneous application. The injection of leucoparafuchsine in rats and mice CC57Br resulted in the increased development of hemopoietic system tumors. Leucofuchsine isomers injected in rats and mice C3HA gave rise to the appearance of renal tumors in these animals and caused more frequent development of hepatic and pulmonary neoplasms in mice. In leucoparafuchsine injections the rate of tumors incidence was 35% in rats and in mice--20%, in the experiments with leucofuchsine isomers--33% and 40% accordingly. The results of the experiments evidence an insignificant blastomogenic effect of the compounds under study.

Adenofibroma↗
PubMed1976

[Effects of xeroradiographic contour amplification in intramammary calcifications (author's transl)].

The pronounced edge-effect occurring in xeroradiography of intramammary calcifications leads to a change in size of the object, namely, a reduction in the positive and an enlargement in the negative print, to a hard-to-evaluate zone in the border of the object which is in about the same size range for both developing procedures. The extent of edge-enhancement is directly related to the structures in the immediate neighborhood. Form and density of microcalcifications can be better assessed with the positive procedure.

Adenofibroma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Resection of triple synchronous cancers: a case report.

We herein present a case of synchronous triple cancer, which was successfully resected in a curative manner. These cancers consisted of primary duodenal, pancreatic and lung cancers, which were diagnosed in an asymptomatic 74 year-old male, who was referred to our department on December 14, 1996. On admission, his laboratory data showed no abnormality, including tumor markers (CEA 1.0, CA 19-9 1.0, AFP 8.1 U/ml), but he did show an impaired pulmonary function (FEV1.0: 57%). Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy showed a smooth surfaced duodenal tumor measuring 4 cm in size. The second tumor was found at the head of the pancreas by computed tomography (CT), showing a hypervascular mass measuring 3.0 cm, along with neighboring multiple cysts. In endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), marked mucous secretion was observed through the papilla, while a filling defect was found in the dilated pancreatic duct. In a routine chest X-ray, a third tumor, which measured 1.5 cm in diameter, was recognized in the right upper lobe of the lung, and a moderately differentiated squamous cell carcinoma was also detected by a percutaneous CT guided biopsy. The pancreatic and duodenal tumors were surgically resected by a pancreatoduodenectomy (Stage I) in January 1997 and, 5 months later, a lung tumor underwent partial resection (Stage I). This patient tolerated these surgical procedures well and presently leads a normal, healthy life after discharge. In summary, a successful resection of synchronous triple cancers, which has never been previously reported in this specific combination, is described.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1976

[Diagnostic analysis of biogenic amines in tumors].

The modifield Falck's fluorescence-microscope method was used to investigate the content of biogenic amines in 218 bioptic specimens taken from patients suffering from tumours and other pathological conditions. It was established that malignanat tumours were characterized by accumulation in the tissue of the tumour and particularly in the reactive zone, of considerable amounts of substances with green luminescence (histamine, catecholamines, and probably, di- and polyamines) and by the disappearance of serotonin from the connective-tissue cells. In benign tumours, as well as in focal processes of non-tumour character (chronic gastric ulcer, mastitis, pulmonary tuberculosis) in the reactive zone there were always an increased number of connective-tissue cells containing serotonin. An opinion was put forward to the effect that one can judge about a degree of lesion of the connective tissue and the nature of the course of a pathological process from the character of biogenic amine contained in the elements of the connective tissue in the reactive zone. Identification of biogenic amines in the tissue of the reactive zone may serve as an additional test in carrying out differential diagnosis and will be of use in differentiating malignant tumours from benign processes and other focla pathology of non-tumour nature.

Adenofibroma↗
PubMed1976

In vitro estrogen-binding by human breast carcinomas.

Patients whose breast carcinomas possess only low concentrations of a receptor molecule that binds estrogens with high affinity are unlikely to respond to hormonal manipulative therapy when the disease recurs. The estrogen-binding capacity of 106 breast carcinomas was measured by an in vitro method and was expressed per milligram wet weight and in some cases related to the concentration of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) of the tumours. The ability of tumors to bind 3H-estradiol ranged from 0 to 1.3 fm/mg in pre- and perenopausal women, and from 0 to 16.8 fm/mg in postmenopausal women. Menopausal status or serum concentrations of endogenous estrogen, or both, should therefore be considered when tumours are classified into low and high estrogen-binding capacity. It is not necessary to carry out Scatchard analysis for every tumour, and expressing estradiol binding on the basis of DNA concentration may be preferable to expressing in on a wet-weight basis.

Adenofibroma↗
PubMed1976

Ultrasonographic evaulation of breast masses.

B-mode ultrasonic contact scanning should be performed in conjunction with mammography in any patient with a palpable breast mass that is 1 cm or larger in diameter. Patients with masses that appear cystic on the sonogram should undergo needle aspiration of their masses. The fluid should then be cytologically examined for confirmation of its benign nature and repeat sonograms obtained to ensure that the mass has completely disappeared. Patients with masses appearing either solid or complex ultrasonographically should undergo surgical biopsy.

Adenofibroma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Prognostic relevance of soluble interleukin-2 receptors in patients with ovarian tumors.

Soluble interleukin-2 receptors (sIL-2R) are measurable in the sera of patients with ovarian cancer and several other benign and malignant diseases. However, the function of these sIL-2R is still unclear. Since high levels of sIL-2R are thought to be an indicator of an activated immune system we investigated the correlation of sIL-2R concentration and prognosis of ovarian cancer patients. sIL-2R measurement was performed on the preoperative sera of 130 patients with benign, and 119 patients with malignant ovarian tumors. The IMMULITE sIL-2R assay by DPC Biermann, Bad Nauheim, Germany was used. In ovarian cancer patients sIL-2R concentrations were significantly higher than in those with benign tumors. By defining the 95th percentile of the sIL-2R concentration distribution in patients with benign diseases as the cut-off (1200 U/ml) 35% of the ovarian cancer patients had elevated concentrations. Concentrations of sIL-2R increased with FIGO stage. FIGO-III patients with highly elevated sIL-2R concentrations tended to have better prognosis than those with sIL-2R levels within normal range in contrast to FIGO IV patients. Since sIL-2R concentrations indicate an immunological activation in ovarian cancer patients our data give hints of the possible role of sIL-2R in the assessment of the risk of recurrence in ovarian cancer patients.

Adenofibroma↗
PubMed2000

Alterations in the expression of the DNA repair/redox enzyme APE/ref-1 in epithelial ovarian cancers.

The DNA base excision repair pathway is responsible for the repair of alkylation and oxidative DNA damage. A crucial step in the base excision repair pathway involves the cleavage of an apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) site in DNA by an AP endonuclease (APE). The major AP endonuclease in mammalian cells is APE/ref-1, a multifunctional enzyme that acts not only as an AP endonuclease but as a redox-modifying factor for a variety of transcription factors. The purpose of this study was to determine the expression of APE/redox factor-1 (ref-1) in ovarian tissues, particularly ovarian cancers. Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded specimens of ovarian tissues (normal, various benign conditions, and epithelial cancers) were studied using both polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies to APE/ref-1. The relationship between APE/ref-1 protein levels and DNA repair activity was studied in ovarian Hey and Hey-C2 cell lines using Western blot and a specific AP-site oligonucleotide cleavage assay. Hey and Hey-C2 cells were fractionated, and the nuclear and cytoplasmic extracts were quantitated for protein levels and assessed for APE/ref-1 with Western blot. Normal ovarian tissues consistently demonstrated strong nuclear staining of the surface epithelium, epithelial inclusions, corpora lutea and albicantia, and stroma. Cytoplasmic staining was absent. A similar pattern was seen for benign conditions including endometriosis. Low malignant potential ovarian cancers stained in a pattern similar to normal ovarian and nonneoplastic tissues; however, two specimens also had areas of cytoplasmic staining. Epithelial ovarian cancers were remarkably different from all other ovarian tissues studied. Both nuclear and cytoplasmic staining of the malignant epithelium were seen and ranged from strong to weak, often with considerable staining heterogeneity within the same tumor. The AP-site oligonucleotide cleavage assay indicated that APE/ref-1 protein levels correlate well with DNA repair activity. The increased levels of APE/ref-1 in the Hey-C2 cells was mainly attributable to increased cytoplasmic enzyme. APE/ref-1 immunoreactivity is altered in malignant ovarian tumors. Further studies will determine whether the altered expression and subcellular location reflect changes in redox regulatory functions.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed2000

[Carcinoma arising within mammary fibroadenomas. A study of six patients].

We report six cases of carcinomas arising within fibroadenomas. Fibroadenoma is a benign neoplasm occurring in young women. Its association with carcinomas is unfrequent and particularly reported in older women. Few data are available on the histologic features of fibroadenomas harboring malignant lesions. In this study, most cases of fibroadenomas showed cysts, sclerosing adenosis, epithelial calcifications or papillary apocrine changes. These fibroadenomas are classified as complex and are a long-term risk factor for breast cancer. The complex fibroadenoma may be specific of fibroadenoma associated with carcinoma.

Adenofibroma↗
PubMed1976

[Transillumination of the breast].

The physical basis of the method, the procedure, the normal and pathological findings are described. On a series of 125 pathology cases observed, transillumination proved useful as a diagnostic aid in breast diseases.

Adenofibroma↗
PubMed1999

Borderline epithelial tumours of the ovary--a retrospective analysis of 31 cases.

Thirty one cases of epithelial borderline tumours of the ovary recorded over a period of six years were reviewed. The incidence of borderline tumours was 6% in relation to ovarian epithelial malignancies, with serous and mucinous types comprising three fourth of the lesions. The serous tumours were bilateral in 39%, revealed surface growth in 17% and had peritoneal implants in 11% of cases. The mucinous tumours were bilateral in 11% and had associated pseudomyxoma peritonei in 22% of cases. Nuclear grade appeared to correlate with extraovarian spread and surface growth in the serous borderline tumours, but not in the mucinous borderline tumours. The endometrioid borderline tumours and mixed epithelial borderline tumours were rare lesions. Twenty one patients (68%) presented in Stage-la. Surface growth correlated with recurrences. The prognosis remained good in serous borderline tumours even in the presence of implants as these were non-invasive. The mean disease free survival was 43.03 months. There was no statistical difference in disease free survival of patients with and without implants.

Adenofibroma↗