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Results for “pre-eclampsia”

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PubMed1976

The association of maternal lymphocytotoxic antibodies with obstetric complications.

The immunologic relation between mother and fetus has become of interest to those concerned with reproductive physiology. One method to assay this type of relation is to determine the immunologic response to HLA antigens expressed by the fetus which are of paternal origin. Although 20 to 50% of multiparous women develop lymphocytotoxic antibodies during pregnancy, the effect of these antibodies on gestation or the fetus has not been established. In a prospective study, 23 patients at the time of spontaneous abortion had negative cytotoxic antibodies. Of 129 obstetric patients followed with antibody screening over a 6 to 7 month period until delivery, 28 developed positive lymphocytotoxic antibodies (22%). These 28 patients with cytotoxic antibodies delivered male infants by a ratio of 4 to 3, and 11 patients (39.3%) had complications during the gestation. The responsiveness to the paternal histocompatibility antigens is valuable information for furthering the understanding of the fetal-maternal relation.

Antibodies↗
PubMed1976

[Isotope nephrography in the 2d half of pregnancy].

166 Women were investigated after 26 weeks of pregnancy, divided into 4 groups (normal pregnancy, after urinary tract infection, with cystopyelitis and with toxemia). Renography is a very sensitive method. Only 6,6% women had bilateraly normal function. Unilateral pathology was detected more often on the right side (17,6% versus 2,9%) and the damage was on the right side also more intensive (30% versus 8%), and present as early as in the 7. to 8. month of pregnancy. The damage of the secretion phase of the renogram in pregnancy is mostly sequal of the disturbed drainage following compression of the ureter trough varicosal veins and the pregnant uterus.

Female↗
PubMed1976

Is mild preeclampsia (EPH gestosis) harmful to the baby?

Mild preeclampsia, as defined by a rise in blood pressure to 140/90 mm Hg or more in the third trimester of pregnancy, does not affect the baby either in terms of increased perinatal mortality or a reduction in birth weight. Higher maternal weight gains are associated with greater birth weight of the babies in primigravidae, provided that proteinuria does not occur. Reduction of water retention by diuretic treatment does not lower the incidence of preeclampsia, does reduce the weight of the baby.

Birth Weight↗
PubMed1976

Changes preceding the development of preeclamptic toxemia.

No differences were found at the 30th week of pregnancy in total body water, serum sodium, potassium, chloride and osmolality, plasma volume, total protein concentration, intravascular protein mass, serum albumin concentration, intravascular albumin mass, and urinary estriol and pregnanediol in 94 primigravidae who remained normotensive, 35 who developed mild preeclampsia, and 23 who developed severe preeclampsia (i.e. hypertension and significant proteinuria in the third trimester). In twin pregnancies no differences were found between 13 primigravidae who remained normotensive and nine who subsequently developed proteinuria and hypertension.

Blood Proteins↗
PubMed1976

Toxemia of pregnancy in Jerusalem. II. The role of diet.

A dietary history was obtained from 180 patients with preeclampsia and eclampsia, representing 92% of all cases occurring in the pregnant population of West Jerusalem over a defined period. The intake of nutrients and 78 items of diet was compared for each patient and two healthy control subjects who were matched for country of origin, parity, month of delivery, age, year of immigration and years of schooling. All diagnoses were made by the same research team and dietary histories were elicited by one of two experienced dieticians. Comparisons between the 180 patients and their respective control pairs showed a significantly reduced intake of calories, proteins and fats and an increase in consumption of sugar and sweets by the patients. The food items involved, including cheese, eggs, olives and nuts, did not appear consistently, however, in population subgroups defined by age, period of immigration and country of origin. Sixty-six patients reported not having changed their diets during pregnancy and these showed no significant differences in consumption of any of the foods or nutrients at the 1% level, when compared with their matched control subjects. All differences observed were confined to the 114 patients who, for one reason or another, had changed their diets. It is concluded that the differences in diet between patients and control subjects are the result, and not the cause, of the toxemia of pregnancy. Supporting and contradictory evidence in the literature is analyzed, and possible sources of the discrepancies are pointed out.

Diet↗
PubMed1976

Preeclampsia and fetal well-being.

Thirty-three women with preeclamptic toxemia were retrospectively divided into three groups, according to clinical data, urinary estriol excretion, fetal growth, fetal movements and fetal heart recordings. In group 1 (six patients) there was no fetal growth retardation, and fetal motor function and heart rate were normal. In group 2 (17 patients) there was fetal growth retardation, estriol values were usually low, and fetal movements and heart rate were normal. In group 3 (10 patients) fetal movements decreased markedly almost until complete cessation for 12 to 24 h, and pathological changes were present in fetal heart recordings. A classification of preeclamptic toxemia according to these criteria is suggested. Patients who manifest placental metabolic failure, such as the women in group 2, should be hospitalized for observation only, as no immediate danger to the fetus is apparent. If there are signs of severe fetal distress and cardiomotor failure, such as in group 3, prompt delivery is essential to prevent fetal death in utero.

Estriol↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Measurement of plasma oxytocinase. Comparison with urinary excretion of estrogens].

Plasma cystinylaminopeptidase (CAP) activity and 24 h urinary excretion of oestrogens were measured simultaneously in 102 pathological pregnancies. The correlation between the two chemical assays is weak (p = 0,13, to 0,47). Plasma CAP levels were significantly (p less than 0,01) lowered in cases of fetal death; but urinary oestrogen assays were within the normal limits (p greater than 0,1) in this group. Each assay suggested an equal number of correct or incorrect prognoses. Their association resulted in 9 correct prognoses in 12 pregnancies with unfavourable outcome, but led to 12 unduly bad prognoses in a group of 40 normal births. The association of the two assays allows a more adequate diagnosis of high-risk pregnancies, but has the disadvantage of offering an unduly bad prognosis in a greater number of normal cases.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Activity of serum leucine aminopeptidase lamp in normal and pathologic pregnancies].

The activity of the enzyme leucine aminopeptidase (LAmP) in serum was examined in 305 pregnant women (174 women with normal pregnancy, and 131 women with disturbed pregnancy). The activity of this enzyme increases during the normal development of pregnancy. In disturbed pregnancies, the LAmP activity is lower as compared to normal pregnancies. A peculiar case: toxemia of pregnancy, where the activity of the enzyme is considerably increased. This fact may be compared with the increase of LAmP activity in cases of liver damage. The LAmP activity test in pregnancy is reliable and can be performed practically in every laboratory, thus deserving its place among the many tests meant to assess the normal function of the foeto-placental unit. This test may also help in the diagnostic of some specific pregnancies such as twin pregnancy, hydatidiform mole and extra-uterine pregnancy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Sex ratio in the progeny of mothers with toxemia of pregnancy.

Maternal-fetal incompatibility may be an essential component in the etiology of toxemia of pregnancy. A prior study found an abnormally high sex (male:female) ratio, suggestuve of Y-dependent histoincompatibility. We studied the records of 373 patients alleged to have some indication of toxemia among 3,246 births and applied standard criteria for classification. There were no significant differences for any group compared with the sexondary sex ratio expected of the population(94.6% Black).

Adult↗
PubMed1976

[Analysis of gestationally conditioned morbidity in the German Democratic Republic].

During the last years the analysis of the perinatal mortality with its casuistic and statistical aspect has gained importance as an instrument in organizing the health protection services for females. For further achievements in the ante-, intra- and postnatal care according to the social and scientific progress and to the needs of the people a sound knowledge of the morbidity structure is of great value. Relating to these points available data sources are analysed regarding their information contents and significance. Under the aspect of their prevalence the most important diseases during pregnancy are presented.

Female↗
PubMed1976

[Carbohydrate- and lipid-metabolism changes in monosynaptic H-gestosis].

The parameter of carbohydrate and fat metabolism (FFA, glyzerin and blood sugar) was tested among forty pregnant women with a monosymptomatic H-gestosis in the thirty-eighth and forty-second week of pregnancy. With a clear rise of all tested metabolic parameters in the single control group and the current significance of an excessive increase in the values of women in late pregnancy further correlations could be statistically proved in respect to the combination group of late pregnancy and second degree hypertonus. A definitive statement on the EPH-gestosis would necessitate further experimental tests.

Blood Glucose↗
PubMed1976

[Cytophotometric determination of DNA concentration in the nuclei of the human placental trophoblast in late toxemias of pregnancy].

The distribution of trophoblast nuclei of the human placenta by their ploidy was studied in normal pregnancy and in late pregnancy toxemias by the monowave emthod of cytophotometry in visible light. In the plasmodiotrophoblast a pronounced increase in the amount of nuclei in the S-phase (up to 40%) was noted in late toxemias which suggests a considerable activation of the DNA synthesis. The placenta cytotrophoblast in late toxemias is substantially different from that in normality. The Langhans cells disappear almost completely while in normality they are present in young terminal villi till the very end of pregnancy. The amount of the island cytotrophoblasts is much greater, the distribution of nuclei according t the DNA content being of absolutely different character than in normality. A great amount of hypodiploid nuclei (up to 36%) was observed which are absent in normal conditions as well as much greater fluctuations in the amount of diploid nuclei (from 4% to 37%) as compared with the normal amount (25.9%). These data show a high amitotic activity in the island cytotrophoblast in late toxemias. The above changes in the plasmodiotrophoblast and cytotrophoblast might be considered as a compensatory reaction of the placenta to a considerably increased vacuolization and deep atrophic processes in degenerating villi.

DNA↗