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Nursing student attrition and implications for pre-admission advisement.

The current shortage of nurses and the decreasing student applicant pool supports the need for institutions of higher education to examine the problem of nursing student attrition and possible solutions. This study surveyed 227 non-returning students to identify attrition factors. The results implicate problems with class scheduling, inadequate financial resources, and employment responsibilities. Twenty four nursing faculty members were additionally surveyed to identify factors. The faculty respondents target poor study skills as the primary problem, a finding not agreed on by the former students. These identified problem areas implicate inadequate preadmission advisement. Students should be made aware of the personal and financial costs of a nursing education prior to admission. Preadmission advising that provides an applicant with a more complete understanding of the nursing educational process may help prevent student attrition and the loss of new nurses to the profession.

Counseling↗

Occupational therapy in acute inpatient psychiatry: an activities health approach.

This article discusses some of the challenges that occupational therapists working in acute psychiatric inpatient settings commonly face. There is often a lack of sufficient time available for treatment as well as limitations inherent in addressing functional problems in the artificiality of a hospital environment. A theoretical framework is introduced from which the role of occupational therapy and realistic objectives for acute short-term care can be identified. This framework for inpatient occupational therapy practice is based on the concept of activities health, which provides a definition of health in functional rather than medical terms. The importance of emphasizing the patient's competence in roles assumed in community living is emphasized. A step-by-step approach to program development with specific examples is also provided.

Activities of Daily Living↗

Differences in values and goals of occupational therapy students.

This study compared professional values and goals of three levels of occupational therapy students: (a) seniors in baccalaureate programs (n = 337), (b) students in professional master's programs (n = 95), and (c) students in postprofessional master's programs (n = 62). Demographic characteristics including gender, age, and college background were also examined. Significant differences were identified between the baccalaureate group and the postprofessional master's group for three professional goals: (a) making a theoretical contribution to the profession, (b) performing research in the profession, and (c) educating occupational therapy students. Significant differences were also noted for four professional values. Intellectual stimulation was more often chosen by postprofessional master's students; exciting life and comfortable life were more often chosen by baccalaureate students, and helpfulness was more often chosen by the baccalaureate and postprofessional master's students. It was concluded that determining the professional values and goals of occupational therapy students may generate implications for career counseling, recruitment, increased work force, decreased attrition, and future curriculum planning.

Cross-Sectional Studies↗

COMPETE: a model for vocational evaluation, training, employment, and community for integration for persons with cognitive impairments.

This paper describes a job skills training program for young adults with cognitive impairments called COMPETE, an acronym for Computer Preparation: Evaluation, Training, and Employment. Participants in COMPETE trained in use of information-age machines, (e.g., computers, fax machines). The 3-year demonstration project resulted in successful placement of 17 of 27 persons who were unemployed before entering the program.

Activities of Daily Living↗

The adolescent role assessment: psychometric properties and theoretical usefulness.

OBJECTIVE: Fostering career adaptability may improve vocational outcomes for adolescents. This study examined the responses of adolescents on the Adolescent Role Assessment (ARA) to explore its usefulness as a measure of career adaptability. METHOD: The ARA was administered to 101 adolescents 12 to 17 years of age. Descriptive statistics, reliability analysis, and factor analysis were generated from the ARA scores. Dominant narrative themes were coded into the six domains of the ARA and into the domains identified in the factor analysis. RESULTS: The internal consistency of the ARA was low with few differences in findings across age. The identified factors--developing aspirations, self-efficacy, interpersonal competencies, and autonomy--are consistent with constructs of career adaptability found in the literature and differentiated low and high scorers. CONCLUSION: Major changes to the ARA content and scaling or development of a new assessment of career adaptability using the factor structure are recommended for clinical and research applications.

Adolescent↗

A survey of vocational rehabilitation counselors concerning American Indian and Alaska Native clients with alcohol and other drug abuse disorders.

Vocation rehabilitation (VR) counselors in states where many American Indians reside were questioned about the characteristics of their American Indian clients with alcoholism or drug abuse problems, and the kinds of services that were provided to them. A total of 124 counselors from 14 states responded to the survey. Twenty-seven of these respondents were employed in tribally operated VR projects in nine states.

Adult↗

Decisions decisions.

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Career Choice↗

Taking counsel.

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Career Mobility↗

Your dream ticket.

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Career Mobility↗

School for scandal.

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Attitude to Health↗

An evaluation of a community-based vocational rehabilitation program for adults with psychiatric disabilities.

The purpose of this research is to examine the effectiveness of a project aimed at the vocational rehabilitation of individuals suffering from chronic psychiatric disabilities. Gastown Vocational Services (GVS) is a specialized vocational rehabilitation program, under the auspices of Greater Vancouver Mental Health Service Society. The project consisted of three distinct phases and utilized a gradual, step-by-step rehabilitative approach to achieve vocational success. The first phase of the GVS project included comprehensive vocational assessment and work-readiness skill training. Participants in this phase met in small groups for three hours, three times a week for a 12-week period. The second phase involved supported work-experience placements in the community. These placements were two to five months in duration. The final phase included assistance in seeking employment, job re-training, or educational programs. Assessment measures were taken before participants began the program, immediately after the 12-week job preparation program, and at six-month follow-up. Seventy-three individuals participated in the training program over a two-year period. Their progress was compared to 18 individuals comprising a Waiting List Control group. The results showed significant improvement in the Intervention group on measures of assertiveness, work behaviour, depression, income, and employment status. No changes were evident in the Waiting List Control group.

Adult↗

[Are employees who have retired due to occupational maladjustment adaptable to new workplaces?--Character traits as the individual factors].

Determining factors for adaptation to a new workplace in light of 3 cases that have taken early retirement due to occupational maladjustment are discussed. The character traits of these 3 cases are regarded as individual factors because of their conspicuousness. In regard to adaptation to new workplaces, two of my cases were unable to adapt in their previous workplaces because of their avoidant personality. They were also unable to adjust to their present workplaces. When the worker's character traits tend to cause occupational maladjustment, appropriate approaches including counseling and occupational adjustment should be recommended to the worker.

Adaptation, Psychological↗