Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “THYROIDECTOMY”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 1,027 records · Page 57Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Androgens and bone mineral content in patients with subtotal thyroidectomy for benign nodular disease.

To investigate the influence of thyroid surgery on the skeleton and different hormones a well characterized patient group of 24 women was selected who had undergone subtotal thyroidectomy for euthyroid benign nodular disease and remained euthyroid after the operation. Bone mineral content was determined in lumbar vertebrae, femoral neck and radius by dual and single photon absorptiometry. The serum levels of calcitonin, dehydroepiandrosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone-sulphate, androstenedione, total testosterone, cortisol and 25-hydroxyvitamin D were measured. A control group was created of 48 healthy female subjects. No reduction in bone mass was observed at the measured sites compared to appropriate controls. Beside normal bone mineral content significantly elevated serum levels of dehydroepiandrosterone (27.4 +/- 10.4 vs. 20.8 +/- 6.9 nmol/l) and androstenedione 9.3 +/- 3.3 vs. 6.6 +/- 2.2 nmol/l) were found without any clinical sign of androgen excess. There was no correlation between bone mineral content and these androgen levels. The serum calcitonin levels of all patients were low. With regard to the previously reported interactions among androgen, calcitonin and bone metabolism, our results raise the possibility of a relationship between higher androgen levels and preserved bone mass in these patients, while normal bone mineral content and calcitonin deficiency in these patients does not inevitably indicate that calcitonin does not affect bone tissue in adults.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1989

Effect of thyroidectomy on cardiovascular responses to hypoxia and tyramine infusion in fetal sheep.

Fetal sheep were thyroidectomized at 80 days' gestation and reoperated at 118-122 days for insertion of vascular catheters. The effects of hypoxaemia and intravenous tyramine infusion on plasma catecholamine concentrations, blood pressure and heart rate were then determined in experiments at 125-135 days' gestation. Age matched intact fetuses were also studied. Thyroidectomy was associated with increased concentrations of noradrenaline, adrenaline and dopamine in some thoracic and abdominal organs, increased noradrenaline concentrations in the cerebellum, and decreased adrenaline concentrations in the hypothalamus, cervical spinal cord, and superior cervical and inferior mesenteric ganglia. Arterial pressure was significantly lower in the thyroidectomized fetuses (34.0 +/- 0.15 mmHg) than in intact fetuses (44.7 +/- 0.2 mmHg; p less than 0.001). In contrast, plasma noradrenaline concentrations were significantly higher in the thyroidectomized fetuses (2.04 +/- 0.25 ng/ml) compared to the intact fetuses (0.99 +/- 0.08 ng/ml; P less than 0.001). In the intact fetuses there was a significant increase in plasma noradrenaline concentration and blood pressure during hypoxaemia, and bradycardia at the onset of hypoxaemia. In contrast, in the thyroidectomized fetuses hypoxaemia did not cause significant change in plasma catecholamine concentrations, blood pressure or heart rate. Infusion of tyramine produced a 1.9-fold increase of plasma noradrenaline in thyroidectomized fetuses compared to a 9.2-fold increase in the intact fetuses (P less than 0.05). Tyramine infusion caused a similar proportional increase of blood pressure in both thyroidectomized and intact fetuses. Heart rate decreased during the tyramine-induced hypertension in the intact fetus, but increased in the thyroidectomized fetuses.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Thyroidectomy for Graves' disease: is hypothyroidism inevitable?

The outcome of 234 patients with Graves' disease treated by subtotal thyroidectomy over a 12-year period is analysed with specific reference to hypothyroidism. Of definite hypothyroid cases, 98% occurred within 2 years. Failure to develop hypothyroidism was statistically related to large remnant size and a large goitre preoperatively. Histological review showed that any degree of lymphocytic infiltration was associated with the development of hypothyroidism (50% vs 22%). Late onset hypothyroidism occurred rarely and is not an inevitable outcome of thyroid surgery in our hands.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Thyroidectomy under local analgesia: the anatomical basis of cervical blocks.

This paper describes the anatomical compartments of the neck and their innervation, followed by details of superficial, deep and modified cervical blocks which can be performed during thyroidectomy. Advantages and disadvantages of each technique are discussed. Superficial and deep cervical blocks leave some structures unaffected. A modified cervical block is described which can be used to overcome these difficulties.

Humans↗
PubMed1989

Respiratory obstruction after thyroidectomy. A report of 2 cases.

Respiratory obstruction is the principal danger in thyroid surgery and is almost always caused by laryngeal oedema. Two patients who suffered from this complication are presented, and the factors which increase the risk of laryngeal oedema are identified. Prophylactic measures to prevent respiratory obstruction after thyroidectomy are discussed.

Airway Obstruction↗
PubMed1985

[Serum thyrotropin binding inhibitory immunoglobulin (TBII) activity before and after subtotal thyroidectomy in Grave's disease].

Serum level of TBII activity was measured in 81 patients with Graves' disease by the Smith's radioreceptor assay method and the activity more than +15% was designated as "positive". All the patients had been under medical treatment with antithyroid drugs and 71 of them underwent subtotal thyroidectomy. The negative TBII activity was seen in 4 (22%) of 18 patients in whom the duration of antithyroid drug treatment was less than 2 years and in 6 (60%) of 10 patients whose medical therapy was for more than 2 years. TBII activity was not correlated with serum MCHA-, TGHA-titers and circulating lymphocyte counts, but correlated well with the degree of lymphoid cell infiltration in the resected thyroid tissue. All the 7 patients was negative had never relapsed, but 2 of them remained at the euthyroid state 6 to 24 months after operation, 3 hypothyroid and 2 at a borderline between the normal and hypothyroid. The postoperative states of the 13 patients who showed positive TBII activity before operation were euthyroid in 7, hypothyroid in 2, borderline hypothyroid in 4 and relapse in one. A gradual decline of TBII activity following surgery was generally associated with postoperative euthyroidism. It is concluded that determination of TBII activity is of help to estimate the thyroid functional state in Graves' disease.

Graves Disease↗
PubMed1989

Pituitary resistance to L-thyroxine after thyroidectomy. A case report.

The clinical and laboratory findings in a 29-year-old Saudi Arabian woman were compatible with a state of resistance to thyroid hormones by the pituitary gland. Symptoms of hypothyroidism, amenorrhoea and secondary infertility developed 10 years after partial thyroidectomy for an euthyroid goitre. Before therapy, serum thyroxine (T4) and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) values were elevated; serum tri-iodothyronine (T3) value was at the upper limit of normal while %T3 resin uptake and serum free T4 level were both normal. Treatment with L-thyroxine 150 micrograms/dl was not effective. After this was increased to 200 micrograms/d, serum T4 value rose, TSH was still elevated and there was improvement in symptomatology, and a return of both menses and fertility.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Epiphysis cerebri-thyroid interrelations. Distorting effect of partial thyroidectomy on the antithyroid action of epiphyseal methoxyindoles in animal experiments].

The effect of pineal methoxyindoles (MI) on hypothalamus-hypophysis-thyroid gland system was studied in intact and partially thyroidectomized male Wistar rats in conditions of a short light day (winter). Melatonin administration for 10 days suppressed 131I uptake by the thyroid gland and decreased the levels of T3, T4 and thyrotropic hormone (TTH) in the blood serum of intact animals, with TTH reaction to thyroid hormone (TH) retained. 5-methoxytryptamine administration was less effective. Partial thyroidectomy distorted the direction of MI effect: melatonin and to a lesser extent 5-methoxytryptamine caused a marked normalization of a decreased TH content and an increased TTH level in the blood serum of partially thyroidectomized rats. TTH-TH reaction also corresponded to the control. A predominantly modulating character or pineal MI effect on thyroid system is suggested.

5-Methoxytryptamine↗
PubMed1988

Graves' disease: changes in TSH receptor and anti-microsomal antibodies after thyroidectomy.

It has been suggested that intrathyroidal plasma cells are the major site of TSH receptor antibody synthesis in Graves' disease (GD). To investigate this hypothesis, serial serum levels of TSH receptor antibodies, as determined by a recently developed immunoprecipitation assay (IPA), were measured in 13 patients with GD before and after subtotal thyroidectomy (Tx). Pretreatment TSH receptor antibody levels (86.4 +/- 26.8 pM/ml; mean +/- s.d.) decreased significantly due to antithyroid drug therapy to 60.3 +/- 21.5 pM/ml (P less than 0.05) just before Tx. However, 4 h after Tx, there was a significant increase (84.9 +/- 35.5 pM/ml; P less than 0.05) due to leakage of antibodies from the manipulated thyroid gland. After Tx, no major decrease in autoantibody levels occurred; TSH receptor antibodies were still detectable 1 to 7 months after Tx (88.7 +/- 44.6 pM/ml). Neither an acute change nor an overall reduction in anti-microsomal (M) antibody titres was observed after Tx. Our conclusions are that serum TSH antibody levels exhibited a drug-induced decrease before Tx and an immediate, but transient, post-operative increase. The post-operative increase was caused by leakage of preformed TSH receptor antibodies from the manipulated thyroid gland. Several months after Tx, TSH receptor and anti-M antibodies were present in the same serum concentrations as before treatment. The present data does not support the hypothesis that plasma cells in the thyroid gland are the major site of autoantibody synthesis in GD at the time of Tx.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

[Indications for subtotal thyroidectomy in patients with amiodarone- (iodine-) induced hyperthyroidism].

Therapy with the antiarrhythmic drug amiodarone implies administration of free iodine in dosages between 6 and 36 mg/day. Especially patients from areas with low iodine intake are at risk to develop iodine-related hyperthyroidism. In 2 case reports the indication of subtotal thyroidectomy is discussed. In 1 patient decision for operation was made after 7 weeks of inefficient therapy with high-dose methimazole. For another patient decision for operation was made but performance had to be postponed because of acute myocardial infarction. Surgical therapy has the advantage of immediate and safe effectivity, low risk of relapse and provides the possibility of further iodine administration without major problems. The risk of operation has to be evaluated against the risk of a long-term treatment with antithyroid drugs preferentially from the thiomide type or against the risk of persistent hyperthyroidism.

Amiodarone↗
PubMed1988

Effect of thyroidectomy on the release of prolactin in vitro response to calcitonin.

Chinese J. Physiol. 31(2):105-112, 1988. The effect of calcitonin (CT) on the release of prolactin (PRL) and thyrotropin (TSH) in vitro from anterior pituitary glands (APs) of thuroidectomized (Tx) and intact male rats was investigated. Male rats were Tx or sham Tx, then sacrificed 47 days later. APs were removed, quartered and incubated with CT (0 or 32 microIU/ml) and/or thyroxine (0 or 0.1 microgram/ml) at 37 degrees C for 4 h. Thyroidectomy significantly decreased PRL release in vitro. CT inhibited the release of PRL in vitro from APs of intact rats but increased PRL release from APs of Tx animals. Neither CT nor T4 affected the release of TSH in vitro. These results suggest that the modulation of CT on the release of PRL from rat anterior pituitary glands is thyroxine-dependent.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Sinus tract in the neck: a rare complication of subtotal thyroidectomy for Graves' disease.

The present report demonstrates a complication not previously reported secondary to thyroid surgery as a treatment of hyperthyroidism. This complication of a sinus tract extending 6 cm from the thyroid to the skin appeared to be due to a foreign body reaction to the sutures utilized in the operation. This sinus tract which extruded some sutures became infected with Staphylococcus aureus which prevented spontaneous closure. The formation of a sinus tract in the neck after a subtotal thyroidectomy for hyperthyroidism appears to be a much less common complication than the previously reported complications of bilateral abductor vocal fold paralysis, unilateral recurrent nerve paralysis, permanent post-operative hypoparathyroidism and thyroid storm secondary to this surgery, but the true incidence of sinus tract formation after thyroid surgery is unknown at present.

Female↗
PubMed1988

Thyroglobulin and 131I uptake of remaining tissue in patients with differentiated carcinoma after thyroidectomy.

In 158 thyroidectomized patients with well-differentiated non-metastatic thyroid cancer the results of serum thyroglobulin (Tg) determination and 131I uptake values established immediately before radioiodine treatment (19 days after surgery) were compared. In 113 patients (72%) Tg was above 6 ng ml-1 (lower limit of detection) and 131I uptake exceeded 2%. In 11 patients (7%) Tg was undetectable and 131I uptake less than 2%. In these cases a radioiodine treatment was not performed; the thyroid ablation was achieved by surgery only. In 34 patients (21%) with undetectable Tg, 131I uptake values, however, varied between 3 and 46% (mean value: 9.6%). Only in 4 of these 34 patients was TSH not maximally (50 microU ml-1) stimulated because of a shorter (9, 10, 11, 13 days) period from thyroidectomy. In conclusion, remaining thyroid tissue, highly stimulated by TSH, can trap a remarkable amount of radioiodine, but may be unable to produce detectable amounts of Tg. Therefore, in contrast to 131I, measuring Tg is insufficient to document the success of thyroid ablation. For the first follow-up study after ablative therapy, the uptake test with radioiodine is mandatory.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1987

The superior laryngeal nerve in thyroidectomy.

In a clinical prospective study, three cases of superior laryngeal nerve injury were detected after 54 classical high ligations of the superior thyroid artery. On the contrary no injury of the nerve was noted in 227 cases in which the technique of separate ligation of the superior thyroid artery's branches was used. Voice changes secondary to thyroid gland operations, without injury to the recurrent laryngeal nerve, are commonly attributed to laryngeal trauma or tracheitis. This view does not seem to be entirely true, because voice changes can follow injury to the external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve. The current study was undertaken to give a better insight to the problem on injury to the external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve during superior thyroid artery ligation and to evaluate for this purpose a technique of separate ligation of the superior thyroid artery's branches during thyroidectomy.

Arteries↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Change in the lactotropic function of the adenohypophysis and the system of its regulation in rats after thyroidectomy].

The prolaction content in the adenohypophysis decreased more than two-fold, and its biosynthesis and release were significantly intensified in deficiency of thyroid hormones. The study of the hypothalamus and epiphysis links controlling the lactotropic function of the hypophysis demonstrated that the biosynthesis and release of prolactin were not inhibited after thyroidectomy. On the 13th--14th postoperative day no irreversible changes were revealed in the hypothalamic links of the control of this function, since it responded to prolactin administration to the experimental animals.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Thyroidectomy for life threatening giant familial goitre.

Urgent thyroidectomy for giant multinodular goitre causing airway obstruction was necessary in the mater familias of a family with a high prevalence of non-endemic goitre. Post operative complications are briefly discussed. Family screening revealed a 100% incidence of nodular goitre in eight first generation descendants with hyperthyroidism in one. A euthyroid pattern was found in 6 of these, as well as in 5 of 19 second generation descendants tested. In two of the first generation descendants dyshormonogenesis was excluded as an aetiological factor by the perchlorate discharge test.

Aged↗
PubMed1977

[Thyroid function following thyroidectomy determined by the TRH-induced release of thyrotropin (author's transl)].

The response of hTSH to TRH (400 mug i.v.) was studied in 45 patients who underwent thyroid surgery for various reasons. Euthyroid values of T4 and ETI were observed in all but one patient. An increased response of hTSH to TRH (as compared with 15 control subjects) was observed in 12 out of 30 patients operated upon for non-toxic goitre, in one out of nine operated upon for toxic goitre and in three out of six patients who underwent thyroidectomy for thyroid carcinoma or proliferating adenoma of the thyroid. The necessity of specific replacement therapy in those individuals with increased release of hTSH upon TRH administration is discussed.

Adult↗