Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “THROMBOSIS”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 1,027 records · Page 57Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

Venous thrombosis, oral contraceptives and high factor VIII levels.

Recently, it has been described that elevated plasma levels of factor VIII are a strong risk factor for venous thrombosis. We analysed the data of the Leiden Thrombophilia Study, a population based case-control study on the causes of venous thrombosis, to verify whether the risk due to oral contraceptive use was higher in women with higher factor VIII levels. Furthermore we investigated the joint risk of high factor VIII levels and oral contraceptive use. We selected 155 premenopausal women with deep-vein thrombosis and 169 control subjects, aged 15-49, who were at the time of their thrombosis (or similar date in control) not pregnant, nor in the puerperium, did not have a recent miscarriage, and were not using injectable progestogens. Of the patients, 109 (70%) women had used oral contraceptives during the month preceding their deep-vein thrombosis, in contrast to 65 (38%) of the control subjects (index date), yielding an odds ratio for oral contraceptive use of 3.8 (95% CI 2.4-6.0). Of the women who suffered a deep-vein thrombosis 56 (36%) had high factor VIII levels (> or =150 IU/dl) as compared with 29 (17%) of the control subjects, yielding an odds ratio for high factor VIII of 4.0 (95% CI 2.0-8.0), relative to factor VIII levels <100 IU/dl. The joint effect of oral contraceptive use and high factor VIII resulted in an odds ratio of 10.3 (95% CI 3.7-28.9), comparing women who had both with women who had neither. We conclude that there is an increase in risk due to oral contraceptive use in women with higher factor VIII levels and that both factors have additive effects.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Portal vein thrombosis in children: clinical and laboratory study of 26 cases].

Portal vein thrombosis represents one of the most frequent causes of portal hypertension in childhood. The aim of the present study was to describe the clinical and laboratorial characteristics of portal vein thrombosis in pediatric patient. We studied 26 children with diagnosis of portal vein thrombosis through splenoportography (two patients) and ultrasound scan (24 patients) which ages varied from 2 months to 11 years and 4 months (median-5 years and 3 months). Data of the patient history, physical and laboratories examination were used to a retrospective study which was done through medical record analysis. The main complaint of the examination was hematemesis, which was found in 57.6%. In 26.9% a possible risk factor for portal vein thrombosis was found [catheterization of the umbilical vein (four), sepsis (two), omphalitis (one)]. Splenomegaly was present in all cases and the associated illness to portal vein thrombosis were: hepatoportal sclerosis (three), cytomegalovirus infection (two), blastomycosis (two), virus C (two), virus B (one) and virus A (one). The time between the first bleeding and the examination at University of Campinas Hospital, in Campinas, SP, Brazil, varied from 0.23 months to 54 months with a median of 12 months. Only 11.5% of patients underwent the endoscopy with sclerotherapy before going to University of Campinas Hospital. Aminotransferases' activities were considered normal in 20 patients. We could conclude that: 1. The most frequent initial symptom was hematemesis. 2. The known risk factors for portal vein thrombosis were present in about 1/3 of the cases. 3. Laboratorial exams usually indicated absence of hepatocitic lesions. 4. The efforts towards sending the patient to a reference center were late with a delayed diagnostic and with delayed effective therapeutic conduct. 5. In about 50% of the cases there was PVT associated with other hepatic diseases.

Child↗
PubMed2000

Postpartum ovarian vein thrombosis.

OBJECTIVE: Ovarian vein thrombosis (OVT) is known as a rare but serious postpartum complication. The condition is often clinically not distinguishable from endometritis, appendicitis or pyelonephritis. OVT may cause sepsis, septic pulmonary thromboembolism, and thrombosis of the inferior vena cava and the renal veins, and is potentially fatal. The objective of this study was to report the clinical findings and outcome of two patients with diagnosed ovarian vein thrombosis after delivery managed at this institution. METHOD: Two patients fit the study criteria of documented ovarian vein thrombosis after delivery. An imaging diagnosis (CT) of ovarian vein thrombosis was required for final study inclusion. RESULTS: We present two patients with ovarian vein thrombosis. The symptoms of one patient disappeared two days after beginning heparin and antibiotic therapy. The control-CT 93 days after the diagnosis of POVT showed unsuspected ovarian veins. The other patient suffered from POVT 13 days after spontaneous delivery. Because of lethal embolisms she died during the operation for embolectomy. CONCLUSION: On the basis of our series and other recent series, OVT may likely be more common than previously thought and may become clinically apparent only when complicated by infection, expansion of the thrombus or pulmonary embolism. POVT is a potentially fatal condition most commonly seen as a complication of pelvic surgery or inflammatory disease.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Thrombin activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor and the risk for deep vein thrombosis.

Thrombin activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor (TAFI, or procarboxypeptidase B) is the precursor of a recently described carboxypeptidase that potently attenuates fibrinolysis. Therefore, we hypothesized that elevated plasma TAFI levels induce a hypofibrinolytic state associated with an increased risk for venous thrombosis. To evaluate this hypothesis, we developed an electroimmunoassay for TAFI antigen and used this assay to measure TAFI levels in the Leiden Thrombophilia Study, a case-control study of venous thrombosis in 474 patients with a first deep vein thrombosis and 474 age- and sex-matched control subjects. In 474 healthy control subjects, an increase of TAFI with age was observed in women but not in men. Oral contraceptive use also increased the TAFI concentration. TAFI levels above the 90th percentile of the controls (> 122 U/dL) increased the risk for thrombosis nearly 2-fold compared with TAFI levels below the 90th percentile (odds ratio, 1.7; 95% confidence interval, 1.1-2.5). Adjustment for various possible confounders did not materially affect this estimate. These results indicate that elevated TAFI levels form a mild risk factor for venous thrombosis. Such levels were found in 9% of healthy controls and in 14% of patients with a first deep vein thrombosis. Elevated TAFI levels did not enhance the thrombotic risk associated with factor V Leiden but may interact with high factor VIII levels. (Blood. 2000;95:2855-2859)

Adult↗
PubMed2000

[Upper extremity deep venous thrombosis. 40 hospitalized patients].

Deep venous thrombosis is 50 times less frequent in upper than in lower limbs. Data remain poor in the literature. Forty consecutive patients (24 males, 16 females, mean age: 54.5 years) were retrospectively analysed from 161 subjects who underwent venous explorations of the upper extremity for a 3.5 year period in the same center. Diagnosis of thrombosis was made by duplex ultrasonography (n =37) or phlebography (n =3). Main clinical manifestations were edema (n =36) and pain (n =29). Location of thrombosis was humeral (n =1), axillary (n =2), or sub-clavian (n =37, 2 bilateral). The majority of thrombosis (n =29) were secondary to cancer and venous catheter (n =19, 15 implanted ports), to central catheter alone (n =3) or cancer alone (n =7). The 11 others were associated with thoracic outlet syndrome (n =6) or apparent primary thrombosis (n =5). Thrombophilia was identified in 6 out of these 11. During follow up [mean of 9 months (0,5-36)], two patients developed pulmonary embolism, 14 a post-thrombotic syndrome and 16 patients died. Initial therapy included heparin (n =36) or fibrinolysis (n =4). Upper extremity deep venous thrombosis are mostly associated with cancers and venous catheters. Thrombophilia is frequent in the other cases. Heparin followed by oral anticoagulation is the optimal therapy whose duration depends upon underlying condition. Fibrinolysis has not been useful for preventing post-thrombotic syndrome in our study.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

[Acute thrombosis of pelvic and leg veins in agenesis of the renal segment of the inferior vena cava].

A 19-year-old, otherwise asymptomatic man presented to the hospital of orthopaedic surgery with acute severe pain like lumbago. Symptomatic treatment was performed after extensive orthopaedic diagnostic procedures. On the third day after admission he showed clinical signs of deep vein thrombosis with painful swelling and livid discoloration of both legs. Colour duplex ultrasound revealed complete thrombosis of the leg and pelvic veins bilaterally, but the cranial extent was not clear. Contrast-enhanced helical computer tomography of the abdomen and the pelvis confirmed deep pelvic vein thrombosis and showed extension into the inferior vena cava. Moreover, the study revealed the agenesis of the renal segment of the inferior vena cava with collateral flow through dilated lumbar veins to enlarged azygous and hemiazygous, through vertebral and paravertebral venous plexus. The renals were drained via dilated capsular veins. The agenesis of renal vena cava is a very rare anomaly causing acute thrombosis of the deep leg and pelvic veins. Other risk factors of thromboembolic disease were not found. The patient was treated successfully with systemic thrombolysis. Therefore we used ultra-high streptokinase infusion (9 million units over 6 hours). Colour duplex ultrasound revealed good flow into deep leg and pelvic veins after three cycle of lysis. Magnetic resonance angiography of the abdomen and pelvis was performed to evaluate the successful fibrinolysis with complete recanalisation of the pelvic veins and to demonstrate the venous anatomy. Permanent oral anticoagulation with phenprocoumon is indicated to decrease the high rate of recurrent thrombosis. Compression stockings were prescribed. To prevent thrombosis, additional risk factors like smoking, immobilization and unusual physical activity should be strictly avoided.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2001

Central venous device-related infection and thrombosis in patients treated with moderate dose continuous-infusion interleukin-2.

BACKGROUND: This study was performed to determine the incidence of central venous device-related blood stream infection and thrombosis in patients treated with moderate dose continuous-infusion interleukin-2 (IL-2). METHODS: The records of 160 consecutive patients treated at the University of Wisconsin Hospital and Clinics, between June 1990 and June 1997, with moderate dose continuous-infusion IL-2 (IL-2 [1.5-3.0 x 10(6) U/m(2)/day] Hoffman-LaRoche, Nutley, NJ or IL-2 [4.5 x 10(6) U/m(2)/day] Chiron Corporation, Berkley, CA) were reviewed retrospectively. The majority of patients had metastatic melanoma (78 patients) or renal cell carcinoma (70 patients). All of the patients had a surgically implanted central venous device placed before starting IL-2 therapy; 89% of these were cuffed Hickman catheters. Eighty-four patients received 1 mg of warfarin per day as prophylaxis against device-related thrombosis; none received periinsertion prophylactic antibiotics. RESULTS: Twenty-one patients (13%) developed central venous device-related bloodstream infection (DRBSI) during the study period, a rate of 2 DRBSI per 1000 device-days. DRBSIs were associated with the type of immunotherapy given with IL-2 (P = 0.01) and with thrombosis (odds ratio, 4.1; 95% confidence interval, 1.5-11.4; P = 0.008) but not with patient gender, type of cancer, duration of the central device, or site of device placement. Twenty-six patients (16%) developed central venous device-related thrombosis (DRT) during immunotherapy. Low dose warfarin did not appear to prevent thrombosis. Device-related thrombosis was associated with DRBSI but not with patient gender, type of cancer, type of device, duration or location of device, or concomitant immunotherapy. CONCLUSIONS: Central venous DRBSI and DRT are significant complications that can occur during moderate dose continuous-infusion IL-2 therapy. The risk of DRBSI appears lower than the risk reported with high dose IL-2 therapy by previous investigators. The risk of DRT appears to be higher than the risk reported for patients with similar devices but not given IL-2. Low dose warfarin did not prevent DRT when started after device placement.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

The home treatment of deep vein thrombosis with low molecular weight heparin, forced mobilisation and compression.

BACKGROUND: The aim of this prospective study was to analyse a group of patients with DVT (deep vein thrombosis) treated at home with LMWH (low-molecular weight heparin), compression and intensive mobilisation and to evaluate its feasibility, efficacy and safety from possible risks of pulmonary embolism. METHODS: From March 1997 to September 1999, 96 consecutive patients with diagnosed DVT were enrolled in a prospective study and treated at home with enoxaparin (Clexane Rh ne-Poulenc) administered subcutaneously at doses depending on body weight (1 mg/kg) b.i.d. for a minimum of seven days. Oral anticoagulants were started two days before discontinuing LMWH and given later for three months according to the haemocoagulation parameters. All patients wore elastic second degree compression stockings during the whole period of treatment and for 12 months there after. They were encouraged to walk 1-3 km daily. The sites of thrombosis were ilio-femoral vein--38 patients (40%), femoral or popliteal vein--32 patients (33%), crural veins--26 patients (27%). According to our surgical criteria two years ago 17 patients would have been operated on and trombectomy performed. The diagnosis was made by compression ultrasonography using a colour duplex scanner (Acuscan 125), by contrast phlebography, and platelet scintigraphy (Tromboscint test). Perfusion-ventilation scintigraphy of the lungs was performed only if there were clinical signs or even a suspicion of pulmonary embolism and on all patients with iliofemoral thrombosis. Perfusion gamagraphy of lungs was carried out on 51 patients where thrombosis was localised in proximal veins. RESULTS: In 27 patients there were signs of non-fatal pulmonary embolism (53%), but only seven patients (26%) suffered mild non-specific clinical signs; 20 patients with diagnosed pulmonary embolism (74%) were symptom-free. Out of 96 patients, three admitted to hospital (3%), 67 (70%) injected LMVH themselves and felt comfortable. Eight to 12 weeks after this treatment control sonography and phlebography were carried out in 70 patients to assess the localisation and progress of the thrombosis. In 51% (36 patients) partial and 31% (22 patients) total recanalisation was found. Five out of 96 complained of minor bleeding (5%). No thrombocytopenia was noticed. The first five days on home treatment were crucial. All patients were able to walk and live at home without difficulty. None of our patients with proximal deep vein thrombosis used a vena cava filter. CONCLUSIONS: Home treatment of DVT is possible and is effective, safe and less costly on average and per patient 40% in costs was saved compared with those of a hospital stay in spite of the greater expense of LMWH. The patients who received LMWH spent a mean of 1.2 days in the hospital, as compared with 12.7 days for the standard-heparin group.

Anticoagulants↗
PubMed2001

Factor X levels, polymorphisms in the promoter region of factor X, and the risk of venous thrombosis.

Elevated levels of procoagulant proteins factor II, factor VIII, factor IX, factor XI and fibrinogen are associated with an increased risk of venous thrombosis. In a population-based case-control study on venous thrombosis (Leiden Thrombophilia Study, LETS) we investigated whether elevated coagulation factor X (FX) levels are a risk factor for venous thrombosis and whether FX levels are determined by polymorphisms in the promoter region of the FX gene. We found that subjects with high FX levels (above the 90th percentile, > or = 126 U/dl) had a 1.6-fold increased risk of venous thrombosis. The highest risk (OR = 4.3, 95% confidence interval: 1.5-12) was found in the subgroup of premenopausal women who are not using oral contraceptives. However, these estimated risks disappeared after adjustment for other vitamin K-dependent coagulation factors II, VII and IX. To study the influence of genotypic variation on plasma FX levels we assessed four polymorphisms in the promoter region of the FX gene: a TTGTGA insertion between position -343A and -342G, a C/T polymorphism at position -222, a C/A polymorphism at position -220 and a C/T polymorphism at position -40. No relationship between these investigated genotypes and FX levels was observed. We conclude that high FX levels predict risk of thrombosis, but are not a risk factor for venous thrombosis when the levels of other vitamin K-dependent proteins are taken into account.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Influence of dietary fat type on arterial thrombosis tendency.

Cardiovascular disease has a multifactorial aetiology, as is illustrated by the existence of numerous risk indicators, many of which can be influenced by the dietary fat type. It should be recalled, however, that only after a cause-and-effect relationship has been established between the disease and a given risk indicator (called a risk factor in that case), modifying this factor can be expected to affect disease morbidity and mortality. In this review, effects of dietary lipids on cardiovascular risk are considered, with special emphasis on modification of arterial thrombosis and platelet thrombotic processes, coagulation and fibrinolysis. Although epidemiological studies do not give entirely consistent results, replacement of dietary saturated by unsaturated fatty acids generally lowers cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The few (secondary) prevention studies reported so far confirmed this for fish oil or fish oil concentrates, as well as for vegetable oils rich in oleic-, linoleic- or a-linolenic acids. Animal thrombosis models demonstrated that dietary unsaturated fatty acids reduce arterial thrombosis tendency as compared to saturated fatty acids. Using restenosis after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) and occlusion of coronary artery bypass grafts (CABG) as human models of arterial thrombosis, fish oil treatment has been shown to have an anti-thrombotic effect, but results are inconsistent (PTCA) or need confirmation (CABG). Major thrombotic and anti-thrombotic conditions and processes include endothelial integrity, thrombotic functions of blood platelet, coagulation, and fibrinolysis. The dietary fat type can affect endothelial integrity, but results are inconsistent and often difficult to interpret in terms of arterial thrombosis tendency. The same can be concluded for platelet aggregation, especially because results of dietary interventions often depend on the aggregation measuring technique. Novel well-validated methods are required to solve this problem. Dietary fats can affect certain factors involved in blood coagulation and fibrinolysis. Thus, Factor VII activity is increased by the fat content of the diet. However, the dietary fat type seems of less importance. Studies addressing the effect of specific fatty acids on extrinsic clotting and thrombin formation in vivo did not produce consistent results. The same holds for the dietary fatty acid effects on promoters and inhibitors of the plasma fibrinolytic potential. Although trans unsaturated fatty acids may increase cardiovascular risk, this is probably not mediated by effects on arterial thrombosis.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Non-atherosclerotic aorto-arterial thrombosis: A study of 30 cases at autopsy.

BACKGROUND: Aorto-arterial thrombosis is very often associated with atherosclerotic and/or aneurysmal changes. Thrombosis, unrelated to these changes is infrequent. AIMS: To evaluate the clinical presentation and aetiopathogenesis of aorto-arterial thrombosis, unrelated to atherosclerosis and aneurysms. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: A retrospective study of 30 autopsied cases of non-atherosclerotic and non-aneurysmal aorto-arterial thrombosis collected over a period of 14 years was carried out. RESULTS: There were 23 males and seven females and majority presented in the third to fourth decades of life with clinical features of acute abdomen or lower limb gangrene. Abdominal aorta as the site of thrombosis was observed in 46.5% cases. The causes were attributed to hypercoagulable states and changes in the aortic wall. No aetiology could be identified in 5 patients (16.6%. Associated tuberculosis was seen in six cases. CONCLUSIONS: Non-atherosclerotic aortic thrombosis is a heterogeneous group of disorders. Young and even elderly patients with symptoms related to abdominal ischaemia or peripheral vascular disease should be investigated thoroughly for hypercoagulable states and aortic pathology.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

FV HR2 haplotype as additional inherited risk factor for deep vein thrombosis in individuals with a high-risk profile.

A number of strongly linked polymorphisms within the Factor V gene (FV HR2 haplotype) has been identified as a cause of resistance to activated protein C, and has suggested a modest risk factor for vein thrombosis. We investigated the frequency of the HR2 haplotype in 433 consecutive patients with confirmed deep vein thrombosis and 326 controls. The HR2 haplotype was more frequent in patients (15.2%) than in controls (10.1%). The risk of thrombosis among carriers of this haplotype was significantly increased (odds ratio: 1.6 [95% CI: 1.0-2.5]). The estimated risk associated with the HR2 haplotype was 1.8 (95% CI: 1.1-2.9) in subjects with (n = 255), and 1.4 (95% CI: 0.8-2.4) in those without (n = 178) acquired risk factors for vein thrombosis. After adjustment for sex, FV Leiden and FII A20210 mutations, the estimated risk of vein thrombosis among carriers of the HR2 haplotype was 1.8 (95% CI: 1.1-2.8). Present data indicate that the HR2 haplotype is independently associated with vein thrombosis among individuals with a high-risk profile.

Activated Protein C Resistance↗
PubMed2001

[Isolated iliac deep venous thrombosis. Study of 48 cases seen in 7 years among 18,297 echo-Doppler evaluations of the lower limbs].

UNLABELLED: Isolated iliac venous thrombosis (IIVT) is uncommon. Duplex ultrasonography of the iliac vessels is not recommended and not generally performed. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of IIVT in a hospital recruitment population and to identify characteristic features of onset which might be associated with this localization in order to better target explorations. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study included 18,297 patients referred for Duplex-ultrasonographic exploration of possible deep vein thrombosis of the lower limbs between January 1st 1994 and December 31st 2000. Selection of isolated iliac thrombosis, defined as the absence of retrograde extension to the common femoral vein, was made from the digitalized data recorded daily. The following factors were tested: sex, age, absence of clinical signs in the lower limb, presence of pulmonary signs. The raw odds ratios were calculated followed by construction of a multivariate logistic regression model. The circumstances of onset were retrieved from the patient's medical files. RESULTS: Isolated iliac venous thrombosis was discovered in 48 patients, i.e. 0.26% (95% CI 0.19%-0.35%) in the recruitment population and 0.82% (95% CI 0.61%-1.09%) among the 5827 patients with thrombosis. The common iliac was involved predominantly (35 out of 48). The left side predominated in women compared with men (24/36 versus 4/12) (p = 0.04). Specifically female circumstances (oral contraceptives, peri-obstetrical period) always led to a left localization. For the other identified circumstances (cancer, inflammatory bowel disease, orthopedic surgery, pelvic trauma), there was no predominant side. Variables explaining the multivariate model were sex, age (less than or more than 35 years), suspected pulmonary embolism, and age interaction with suspected pulmonary embolism. For women, the risk of IIVT was twice as high as for men (OR = 1.97, 95% CI 1.02-3.81). Young age was also a risk factor for IIVT and increased with suspected pulmonary embolism. The odds ratio for subjects under 35 varied from 4.20 (95% CI 1.79-9.84) without suspected pulmonary embolism to 35.01 (95% CI 14.78-82.89) with suspected pulmonary embolism. CONCLUSION: The incidence of isolated iliac venous thrombosis is very low (0.26) in this hospital recruitment population but reached 9.40% in young women under 35 with suspected pulmonary embolism. These age and sex characteristics are also the principal circumstances for the development of these thrombotic events (pregnancy, post partum period, oral contraception). Under these circumstances, it is necessary to carefully explore the iliac vessels with duplex ultrasonography.

Aged↗
PubMed2002

Deep cerebral venous thrombosis in adults.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the pathogenesis, clinical features, radiographic findings and therapeutic outcomes of non-acute intracranial deep venous thrombosis in adults. METHODS: Five patients who presented with increased intracranial pressure were examined with computed tomography, magnetic resonance and angiography, diagnosed as having non-acute intracranial deep venous thrombosis, and treated with thrombolytic therapy. They were reviewed retrospectively. RESULTS: There were 3 men and 2 women, aged from 22 to 49 years. Symptom duration ranged from 1 month to 7 months, and 4 of the 5 patients were associated with venous sinus thrombosis. Two patients developed cold and fever before the onset of disease, and 3 patients had no evident predisposing factors. After the infusion of thrombolytic and systemic anti-coagulant therapy, the neurological symptoms and signs of the patients were alleviated. CONCLUSIONS: Digital subtraction angiography (DSA) is more sensitive and accurate than MRI on diagnosing intracranial deep venous thrombosis. It may play an important role in the assessment of the treatment of intracranial deep venous thrombosis. Thrombolysis and anticoagulation of intracranial deep venous thrombosis appears to be a safe and efficacious treatment not only in the acute stage but also in the non-acute stage.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Dangerous thrombophilic states and internal pathologies: 3 cases of thrombosis of the abdominal veins.

Thrombosis of the abdominal veins is a rare clinical condition which can be assimilated with the more frequent localization of deep venous thrombosis of the lower limbs. In the last few years great attention has been paid to possible risk factors for thrombosis of the abdominal veins. Two risk factors that have been identified are the presence of internal diseases and congenital and/or acquired abnormalities of haemostasis. The authors describe 3 clinical cases (splenic and portal thrombosis due to congenital thrombophilia, Budd-Chiari syndrome, portal cavernoma consequent to ovarian neoplasia) with different etiopathogenesis to show how this apparently rare condition is today more frequently encountered and easier to recognize. In the presence of thrombosis of major venous structures the search and the identification of intrinsic internal risk factors and of congenital and acquired thrombophilic disorders remains of great importance. Screening for thrombophilia includes blood C and S proteins, AT III, homocysteine, Leiden mutation of the factor V gene, G20210A mutation of the prothrombin gene, antiphospholipid antibodies. The presence of one or more of these risk factors allows the identification of the cases of portal thrombosis (EHPVO) responsible for about 10% of all the cases of portal hypertension, without cirrhosis or other hepatic lesions. The primary diagnostic procedure however remains color-Doppler ultrasonography which represents the most simple and the cheapest diagnostic investigation for the study of the portal and suprahepatic vein system, but it's strictly operator dependent.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1999

[Research on anti-thrombosis effect of ethanol extract from beheaded leech (EEBL)].

OBJECTIVE: To study the anti-thrombosis effect of EEBL and its possible mechanism. METHOD: Using a thrombosis model induced by collagen-adrenaline in mice and an artery-vein bypass in rats. The effect of EEBL on erythrocyte membrane and thrombocyte membrane fluidity were measured by fluorescence polarization. RESULT: EEFL inhibited the thrombosis induced by collagen-adrenaline in mice and the thrombosis in artery-vein bypass in rats significantly. EEBL also enhanced in vitro erythrocyte membrane fluidity and thrombocyte membrane fluidity markedly. CONCLUSION: The anti-thrombosis effect of EEBL may possibly be associated with the enhancement of fluidity of erythrocyte membrane and thrombocyte membrane. There exist anti-thrombosis chemical constituents in the body of beheaded leech.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

Interaction between hyperhomocysteinemia, mutated methylenetetrahydrofolatereductase (MTHFR) and inherited thrombophilic factors in recurrent venous thrombosis.

Venous thrombosis is a multicausal disease involving acquired and genetic factors. In this study we investigated a possible interaction between hyperhomocysteinemia (fasting or postload) and factor V Leiden or prothrombin G20210A on the risk of recurrent venous thrombosis. We also looked at the risk due to mutations in the MTHFR-gene (C677T and A1298C). We performed a case-control study in 171 patients with a history of recurrent venous thrombosis and 461 control subjects from the general population. Hyperhomocysteinemia (fasting or 6 h after an oral methionine load) was defined as a homocysteine concentration above the 90th percentile of the distributions in the control group. The odds ratio (adjusted for age and sex) for recurrent venous thrombosis was 1.8 (95% CI: 1.1 to 3.0) for fasting hyperhomocysteinemia, 5.1 (95% CI: 3.0 to 8.6) for factor V Leiden and 1.8 (95% CI: 0.7 to 4.2) for prothrombin G20210A. We found 14 patients and 3 controls with both hyperhomocysteinemia and factor V Leiden, which yielded an odds ratio of 11.6 (95% CI: 3.2 to 42.5). We found no interaction between hyperhomocysteinemia and prothrombin G20210A. The relative risk for MTHFR 677CT was 1.6 (95% CI: 1.1 to 2.4) and for MTHFR 677TT was 1.4 (95% CI: 0.7 to 2.8). The combined risk for MTHFR 677TT and factor V Leiden was 18.7 (95% CI: 3.3 to 108). We conclude that hyperhomocysteinemia and factor V Leiden are risk factors for recurrent venous thrombosis. The risk of thrombosis appeared high for individuals who had both risk factors.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Anti-beta2-glycoprotein I and anti-prothrombin antibodies in antiphospholipid-negative patients with thrombosis: a case control study.

We performed a case-control study to assess whether anti-beta2-glycoprotein I and anti-prothrombin antibodies are independent risk factors of thrombosis. Cases were 79 patients with arterial and/or venous thrombosis without lupus anticoagulants, anticardiolipin antibodies and systemic lupus erythematosus; controls were 85 normal subjects. The prevalences and titers of IgG and IgM anti-beta2-glycoprotein I and anti-prothrombin antibodies were similar in both groups. Cases were analyzed with respect to the arterial or venous type of thrombosis and to the presence of congenital or acquired risk factors for thrombosis: no statistically significant relationships with the presence of anti-beta2-glycoprotein I and anti-prothrombin antibodies were found. Our data indicate that anti-beta2-glycoprotein I and anti-prothrombin antibodies are not risk factors for thrombosis independent of lupus anticoagulants and anticardiolipin antibodies. Their measurement, therefore, is not warranted in the laboratory screening of patients with arterial and/or venous thrombosis.

Adolescent↗