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PubMed2000

African adolescents and their teachers: sex and rural-urban comparisons in teachers' perceived behaviors.

This study investigated rural-urban differences in teachers' perceived behaviors among African adolescent boys and girls. On the Perceived Teacher Behavior Inventory administered to 354 boys and 530 girls from four rural and urban high schools in South Africa no significant sex differences were found on the subscales of Generalized Support, Positive Expectations, and Participation. Rural boys and girls scored significantly higher, however, than their urban peers on the Generalized Support and Participation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Sudan.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Africa↗
PubMed1988

Instructions No. 9, 20 February 1988.

These Instructions provide that "any agricultural land possessed absolutely by natural or legal personalities, private, correctly or incorrectly endowed, or possessed by the State and burdened by right of disposal for personalities, which has been left non-planted, without legitimate excuse, for two or three successive years, as regards lands cultivated by rotation (nir by nir) shall be regarded as an absolute property of the State without compensation." Exceptions are made for persons who do not farm "because of establishing estate premises thereon" or because they are in military service of Iraq. Further provisions of the Instructions set forth procedures for expropriating land that has not been cultivated.

Agriculture↗
PubMed1988

Decree-Law No. 199/88, 31 May 1988.

This Decree-Law establishes criteria for the determination of final compensation for expropriation or nationalization of land or agricultural capital. The lack of legal definition of criteria for the determination of such final compensation was a gap in recent Portuguese legislation on land reform. Although the holdings of many landlords and farmers had been nationalized or expropriated after 11 March 1975, the compensation obtained prior to the enactment of this Decree-Law was provisional and reflected outdated values. This Decree-Law closes this gap by establishing the criteria for the determination of final compensation with adjusted value. Under it, any farmer whose land or capital has been nationalized or expropriated since March 1975 may apply for final compensation, from which shall be deducted the value of any provisional compensation previously obtained and any property previously devolved as a "right of reserve" pursuant to pertinent legislation (see Law No. 109/88 of 26 September 1988 and Decree No. 44/88 of 14 December 1988). The final compensation shall be determined by administrative procedure in which the Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries, and Food; the Ministry of Finance; and the applicant are represented.

Developed Countries↗
PubMed1992

Board development gets straight A's: a rural hospital example. Interview by Karen Gardner.

Copley Hospital, Morrisville, VT, is living proof that "good things come in small packages." The governing board of this 50-bed rural hospital has not let size stifle its imagination and eagerness to learn. Trustee Mary Paul Hankinson of Hyde Park, VT, has been instrumental in instituting board development activities at the hospital since she began her board tenure in 1979. Hankinson, who has taken a leave from full-time college development work to raise a family, devotes more time to Copley and her governance responsibilities than most salaried employees. As a member of the board's education and evaluation committee and the American Hospital Association's Congress of Hospital Trustees, Hankinson is alert to the educational needs and concerns of her colleagues. She recently spoke with Trustee editor Karen Gardner about the Copley board's sophisticated process for trustee orientation, self-evaluation, and continuing education.

Chief Executive Officers, Hospital↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Home care for medically fragile children: urban versus rural settings.

The development of managed care programs has allowed children who are medically fragile and technology-dependent to be discharged back to their home communities. Rural and urban settings each have unique characteristics that can affect home care. A number of home-care problems are common to both urban and rural settings, including nursing coverage, respite care, school services, coordination of medical resources, and emergency response protocols. Although the problems may be similar, the solutions often differ and should be adapted to the unique urban or rural settings in which they occur. Approaches to these problems are offered on the basis of experience in providing care management to these children in the Specialized Home Care Program in Michigan. Also explored are the problems of the lack of resources available to children who are medically fragile but not technology-dependent.

Child↗
PubMed1988

Decree No. 966, 30 April 1988.

This Decree provides that the Executive Organ in the El Salvador Sector of Public Works is the body that will determine whether land is urban rather than nonurban and thus not subject to agrarian reform. Decisions of this body are to be final and cannot be modified by legal, judicial, or administrative order.

Americas↗