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PubMed1990

[Human rights and procreation].

The impact of procreation on freedom, health and welfare of human beings, is considerable. This relationship, however, is not mirrored in texts devoted to Human Rights. This omission obviously implies a neglect of women's and children's rights. The history of anticonceptive methods exemplifies the struggle for these rights. This conquest, which has lasted two hundred years, is far from completed. Because of the demographic outbreak in Third World countries, an ideological conflict has appeared between first generation Human Rights concerned with individual freedom ("rights of") and those of second generation aiming at social fairness ("rights to"). Adequate political and economic adjustment between North and South is a prerequisite to any balanced compromise that would resolve this conflict through democratic, albeit intensive, birth control.

Contraception↗
PubMed2000

Men's sexual health matters: promoting reproductive health in an international context.

Recent concern regarding the control of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) has resulted in an increased interest in the sexual health of men. This interest has primarily focused on strategies to 'encourage and enable men to take responsibility for their sexual and reproductive behaviour and their social and family roles' (United Nations 1994). Whilst men are deemed to have 'responsibilities', women are said to have 'rights' with regard to making choices about reproductive health and accessing appropriate and effective services. Here it is argued that, whilst provision of services and interventions against STIs in men should never be at the expense of those for women, it is often clinically easier and more effective to diagnose and treat men with STIs compared to women in resource-poor settings. Indeed, this may prove to be an effective strategy in controlling the spread of STIs, and hence reducing the disproportionate burden of their complications suffered by women. The paper reviews key issues in relation to improved service delivery for sexual and reproductive health in men, notably: the heterogeneity of male populations; current knowledge regarding men's sexual behaviour; the role of sexuality; methods of studying sexual behaviour in resource poor countries; men's own concerns in relation to sexual and reproductive health; and where and how they access treatment. It is argued that the time has now come to determine and address men's sexual health needs if we are to expect them to participate fully as responsible partners in improving and protecting their own and others' sexual and reproductive health.

Delivery of Health Care↗
PubMed1986

Lack of natural luteolysis associated with uterine horn aplasia in a heifer.

A heifer with congenital left uterine horn aplasia had completely normal reproductive cycles when ovulation occurred from the right ovary. Subsequent to ovulation from the left ovary, however, the corpus luteum persisted for months unless prostaglandin F2 alpha was administered. The reproductive tract was examined after slaughter. The left oviduct ended blindly, resulting in fluid-filled cysts. Except for aplasia of the left uterine horn, the reproductive tract appeared to be morphologically normal. This natural model confirms that the luteolytic signal in cattle is sent from the uterine horn to the ipsilateral ovary, but not to the contralateral ovary. Diagnosis of this abnormality required careful palpation per rectum. The normal luteolysis that occurred with exogenous prostaglandin F2 alpha treatment provided misleading information that the heifer was normal.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

A chill wind blows: Webster, obstetrics, and the health of women.

The Supreme Court decision in Webster v Reproductive Health Services permits states to regulate abortion in fashions that may be medically unsound and may significantly restrict access. This decision challenges the contemporary practice of obstetrics and threatens to curtail access to needed services, particularly for poor women, who are at highest risk of pregnancy-associated medical complications and death. Governmental restrictions on abortion interfere with the obstetrician's basic goal of providing optimal care for the patient. Obstetricians dedicated to providing the best care to their patients should help to ensure that safe abortion be part of a spectrum of reproductive health care that is available to all American women.

Abortion, Legal↗