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At least 1,027 records · Page 57Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

Dosimetric and radiation protection considerations based on some cases of patient skin injuries in interventional cardiology.

Recently, several cases of skin injuries have been detected in patients undergoing cardiac radiofrequency catheter ablation. These procedures were performed on a biplane X-ray system used in a large Spanish hospital for interventional cardiology procedures. Interventional procedures performed and radiation lesions produced on patients are described. The radiation lesions were mainly erythematous lesions and chronic radiodermatitis. Results of the dosimetric evaluations and an analysis of the operational aspects of radiological protection are discussed. Poor image quality could have influenced the length of the procedures. Dose rate at the image intensifier entrance was within usual reported values in literature. However, the focus-to-skin distance for the horizontal X-ray beam was too short, resulting in a high skin dose rate. Additionally, X-ray beams are of fixed orientation, and accumulated skin dose in the patient's right side has been estimated as 11-15 Gy per procedure. In conclusion, practical radiation protection considerations to avoid further incidents of this sort are proposed, concerning the use of X-ray systems specially designed for interventional radiology, the improvement of cardiologists' training in radiation protection and routine patient dose measurements for complex interventional procedures.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Radiation protection against early and late effects of ionizing irradiation by the prostaglandin inhibitor indomethacin.

Protective effects of indomethacin, a prototype prostaglandin-inhibiting agent, against early and late sequelae of radiation injury (after X-rays or gamma rays) in mice were investigated. The following tissues or organs were examined: hematopoietic tissue, esophagus, jejunum, colon, lung, hair follicles, and tissues involved in the development of radiation-induced leg contractures. In addition, the effect of indomethacin was tested against radiation-induced carcinogenesis. In all experiments, the radiation was delivered as a single dose. Indomethacin led to significant protection of hematopoietic tissue, by a factor of 1.3. There was also some protection against radiation-induced pneumonitis and against radiation-induced carcinogenesis (protection factor of 1.2). The other tissues tested showed no change in their radioresponse after being treated with indomethacin. Thus, indomethacin can act as a radioprotective agent against both early and late sequelae of radiation, but its effect is dependent on the tissue tested. This protection is smaller than that observed with WR-2721. However, indomethacin combined with WR-2721 produced a radioprotective effect greater than the radioprotection achieved by individual treatments.

Amifostine↗
PubMed1983

A theoretical concept for measuring doses from external radiation sources in radiation protection.

A physically consistent concept is presented for monitoring individual exposures from external radiation, giving quantitative relations between 'fitted' dosemeters satisfying this relation, and 'non-fitted' dosemeters which do not. The calibration of both types is discussed in detail. For non-fitted dosemeters, procedures to determine the error limits are given. The application to accident dosimetry is briefly discussed.

Mathematics↗
PubMed2005

Adjustment of guidelines for exposure of the eye to optical radiation from ocular instruments: statement from a task group of the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP).

A variety of optical and electro-optical instruments are used for both diagnostic and therapeutic applications to the human eye. These generally expose ocular structures to either coherent or incoherent optical radiation (ultraviolet, visible, or infrared radiation) under unique conditions. We convert both laser and incoherent exposure guidelines derived for normal exposure conditions to the application of ophthalmic sources.

Eye Injuries↗