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Results for “Paranoid Disorders”

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At least 1,027 records · Page 57Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Idiopathic unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia (Gilbert's syndrome) and concurrent psychotropic drug administration.

Gilbert's Syndrome is a benign familial condition in which unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia occurs in the absence of structural liver disease or hemolysis. Phenothiazines and tricyclic medications are often withheld in patients with preexisting liver disease. The authors present four patients with Gilbert's Syndrome and concurrent psychiatric illness. Administration of phenothiazine antipsychotics or tricyclic antidepressants proved beneficial and produced no adverse effects on hepatic function. The authors discuss clinical aspects of Gilbert's Syndrome in psychiatric patients and conclude that phenothiazine antipsychotic medication should not necessarily be withheld from these patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Attitudes toward mental disease in a sample of Israeli urban residents.

A random sample of 463 residents of the Tel Aviv Metropolitan area in the 30 to 59 age group were interviewed in order to evaluate their attitude toward mental health. The image of mental disease among the respondents was vague and a general rejection of the ex-mental patient was observed. This is in contrast with findings of several similar studies conducted previously in the U.S.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Personality disorder and the Temperament and Character Inventory in the elderly.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of personality disorders in a group of elderly patients without an organic mental disorder and to examine the relationship between the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) and personality disorder symptoms in psychogeriatric clinical practice. METHOD: A total of 91 subjects completed the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R personality questionnaire and the 125-item TCI. RESULTS: Of the 91 subjects, 34 individuals (31%) had at least one DSM-III-R personality disorder diagnosis, with avoidant, dependent and paranoid personality disorder being the most common. The trends and correlations between the temperament and character dimensions and the correlations between individual personality disorder symptoms and the dimensions were similar to those in the original model. The most significant findings were the strong negative correlations of the character scores of self-directedness and co-operativeness with the total number of personality disorder symptoms, and the fact that the self-directedness scores predicted the number of personality disorder diagnoses. CONCLUSION: The reported prevalence rate is comparable to studies of both younger and older patient populations using similar methodology. The TCI provides a useful framework for further research on personality disorders in the elderly.

Aged↗
PubMed1976

Role of cannabis in psychiatric disturbance.

Clinical observation suggests that cannabis is implicated in some types of psychiatric disturbance. A record of admissions to two urban and four rural hospitals in Jamaica is examined along with details of individual cases. One-third of male admissions to the psychiatric hospital have used cannabis. Of 74 males admitted to another psychiatric service over a 12-month period, 29 had used cannabis. Ten of these patients were diagnosed as "ganja psychosis," and four others were classified as "marijuana-modified mania." At another psychiatric service, 54 of 223 admissions (24.2%) for functional psychosis presented with cannabis usage as a comtributory factor. These 54 patients included 14 and seven cases of hypomanic and depressive reactions, respectively. At three other rural general hospitals, psychiatric admissions for psychosis showed 11 of 51, seven of 18, and 39 of 75 patients, respectively, in whom cannabis was considered directly responsible. These findings lend support to the idea of causation of illness or modification of existing illness. The negative findings of controlled studies in the same country are not inconsistent. A suggested classification for adverse reactions to cannabis offered by one author is recommended, because it is in accord with common local clinical experience.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

The role of the right hemisphere in the Capgras delusion.

Following a general review of the literature linking right hemisphere dysfunction to psychoses in general and Capgras delusion (CD) in particular, two studies are described that confirm the link. Study 1 revealed that, compared with matched psychiatric controls, 3 CD patients were particularly poor at matching pairs of faces shown briefly in the left visual field-which implies dysfunctioning right hemisphere performance. However there was no difference in performance when the faces appeared bilaterally, which fails to support the hypothesis that poor interhemispheric communication may give rise to CD. The second study involved tests of face memory and word memory. CD and other delusional misidentification groups scored markedly low on the face test, again implying right hemisphere deficit. Finally, a model of what may be the right hemisphere mechanisms giving rise to CD was explored. This assumes two routes to face recognition, ventral and dorsal. It is argued that exclusive damage to the former may cause prosopagnosia and problems in the latter may give rise to the symptoms of CD.

Agnosia↗
PubMed1994

Delusional disorders are a naturally occurring 'experimental psychosis'.

A delusion can only be 'explained' if it can be correlated with a demonstrable brain event, and this is only beginning to be possible. The misidentification syndromes are leading the way in demonstrating a close relationship between quite specific brain abnormalities and highly characteristic delusional symptoms. Although delusional disorder (DSM-IV 297.10) and its treatment are well described, virtually no investigations have been carried out on the neuropathological substrate. This article suggests that delusional disorder is a naturally occurring 'model psychosis' which would reward experimental study.

Brain↗